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Die Covid-19 Pandemie hat zu einem signifikanten Anstieg der Remote Work geführt. Die Veränderung in der Interaktion und Kollaboration ist für viele agile Teams eine Herausforderung gewesen. Diverse Studien zeigen unterschiedliche Effekte und Auswirkungen auf die Zusammenarbeit agiler Teams während der Pandemie. So ist die Kommunikation sachlicher und zielgerichteter geworden. Ebenso wird eine Verminderung des sozialen Austauschs in den Teams berichtet. Unser Artikel thematisiert die Veränderung der Interaktion in agilen Teams durch die Remote Work. Wir haben eine qualitative Fallstudie bei einem agilen Software-Entwicklungsteam bei Otto durchgeführt. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen einen Zusammenhang zwischen den Auswirkungen auf die Interaktion und der persönlichen Autonomie der Team-Mitglieder. Darüber hinaus haben wir keine signifikanten negativen Effekte durch die veränderte Interaktion auf die agile Arbeitsweise festgestellt.
In zahlreichen Fachbüchern wird „Digital Leadership“ zur Unterstützung der digitalen Transformation propagiert. Im Rahmen eines Forschungsprojektes wurden die hierin vertretenen Führungsansätze mit aktuellen wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnissen abgeglichen. Fazit: Die Bücher stellen durchgängig altbewährte Führungskonzepte vor - neuere wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse enthalten sie kaum.
Daten sind für jedes Unternehmen die treibende Kraft und die konsistenteste Quelle für qualifizierte Entscheidungsprozesse. Für die optimale Nutzung der vorliegenden Daten über alle Geschäftsbereiche hinweg wird das Datenmanagement benötigt, jedoch bringt dessen Einführung große Herausforderungen mit sich. Wird es nicht eingeführt bzw. umgesetzt hat dies Folgen für das Unternehmen wie z. B. Wettbewerbsnachteile und hohe Kosten. Ziel dieser Bachelorarbeit ist es von Datenmanagement, den Nutzen aufzuzeigen, die Herausforderungen zu identifizieren und Lösungsansätze zu untersuchen bzw. eigene zu entwickeln. Das Ergebnis ist eine Untersuchung und ein Vergleich des Nutzens, der Herausforderungen sowie der Lösungsansätze im Datenmanagement, zwischen Literatur und einem Anwendungsfall.
Context: Agile software development (ASD) sets social aspects like communication and collaboration in focus. Thus, one may assume that the specific work organization of companies impacts the work of ASD teams. A major change in work organization is the switch to a 4-day work week, which some companies investigated in experiments. Also, recent studies show that ASD teams are affected by the switch to remote work since the Covid 19 pandemic outbreak in 2020.
Objective: Our study presents empirical findings on the effects on ASD teams operating remote in a 4-day work week organization. Method: We performed a qualitative single case study and conducted seven semi-structured interviews, observed 14 agile practices and screened eight project documents and protocols of agile practices.
Results: We found, that the teams adapted the agile method in use due to the change to a 4-day work week environment and the switch to remote work. The productivity of the two ASD teams did not decrease. Although the stress level of the ASD team member increased due to the 4-day work week, we found that the job satisfaction of the individual ASD team members is affected positively. Finally, we point to affects on social facets of the ASD teams.
Conclusion: The research community benefits from our results as the current state of research dealing with the effects of a 4-day work week on ASD teams is limited. Also, our findings provide several practical implications for ASD teams working remote in a 4-day work week.
Hybride Arbeit: Wo und wie wollen Mitglieder agiler Softwareentwicklungsteams zukünftig arbeiten?
(2022)
Vor dem Ausbruch der COVID-19 Pandemie haben Mitglieder agiler Softwareentwicklungsteams üblicherweise gemeinsam im Büro gearbeitet. Durch die rasche Verbreitung des Coronavirus wurden diese Teams weltweit ins Home Office geschickt, um die Ausbreitung des Virus einzudämmen. Verschiedene Studien weisen darauf hin, dass viele Mitglieder agiler Softwareentwicklungsteams nach dem Ende der Pandemie nicht wieder in Vollzeit in das Büro zurückkehren wollen, sondern einen hybriden Ansatz zwischen dem Büro und dem Home Office präferieren. Das Ziel dieser Abschlussarbeit ist herauszufinden, wie Mitglieder agiler Softwareentwicklungsteams sich die Zukunft ihrer Arbeit vorstellen. Dazu wurde eine quantitative Datenerhebung in Form einer webbasierten Befragung mittels eines standardisierten Fragebogens unter Mitgliedern agiler Softwareentwicklungsteams durchgeführt. Das Ergebnis ist, dass eine flexible Wahl des Arbeitsortes erwartet wird, wobei das Home Office zukünftig der präferierte Arbeitsort sein wird. Einen Einfluss durch agile Rahmenwerke und den dazugehörigen Praktiken auf die Wahl des Arbeitsortes konnte nicht festgestellt werden. Für die Zukunft wird keine signifikante Produktivitätssteigerung durch ein hybrides Arbeitsmodell erwartet.
High-performance firms typically have two features in common: (i) they produce in more than one country and (ii) they produce more than one product. In this paper, we analyze the internationalization strategies of multi-product firms. Guided by several new stylized facts, we develop a theoretical model to determine optimal modes of market access at the firm–product level. We find that the most productive firmssell core varieties via foreign direct investment and export products with intermediate productivity. Shocks to trade costs and technology affect the endogenous decision to export or produce abroad at the product-level and, in turn, the relative productivity between parents and affiliates.
The purpose of this research is to explore results that are measured by social enterprises (= SEs) according to their mission and vision. Four SEs are examined for this reason. The status quo of aligned measurements was captured by conducting seven semi-structured interviews with persons from the middle and top management of the considered SEs. A conceptual framework, which categorizes output, outcome and impact measurements, is used as the basis for a structured content analysis. The findings imply that SEs’ measurements are not sufficiently aligned with their mission and vision. Outputs are measured by all considered SEs. However, they fail to measure outcomes with all its sublevels. Especially, measuring mindset change and behavior change outcomes are neglected by the examined SEs. That can lead to adjustments, where SEs only create more outputs but fail to create more outcomes and impact. Furthermore, neglecting outcome measurements makes existing but mostly unsystematic impact measurements invalid, since outputs, outcomes and impact build on each other. The research presented here provides one of the first investigations into the alignment of measurements with mission and vision in the context of SEs. Ultimately, the findings question SEs current measurements and aim to open further perspectives on improving the performance of SEs.
Companies worldwide have enabled their employees to work remotely as a consequence of the Covid 19 pandemic. Software development is a human-centered discipline and thrives on teamwork. Agile methods are focusing on several social aspects of software development. Software development teams in Germany were mainly co-located before the pandemic. This paper aims to validate the findings of existing studies by expanding on an existing multiple-case study. Therefore, we collected data by conducting semi-structured interviews, observing agile practices, and viewing project documents in three cases. Based on the results, we can confirm the following findings: 1) The teams rapidly adapted the agile practices and roles, 2) communication is more objective within the teams, 3) decreased social exchange between team members, 4) the expectation of a combined approach of remote and onsite work after the pandemic, 5) stable or increased (perceived) performance and 6) stable or increased well-being of team members.
In 2020, the world changed due to the Covid 19 pandemic. Containment measures to reduce the spread of the virus were planned and implemented by many countries and companies. Worldwide, companies sent their employees to work from home. This change has led to significant challenges in teams that were co-located before the pandemic. Agile software development teams were affected by this switch, as agile methods focus on communication and collaboration. Research results have already been published on the challenges of switching to remote work and the effects on agile software development teams. This article presents a systematic literature review. We identified 12 relevant papers for our studies and analyzed them on detail. The results provide an overview how agile software development teams reacted to the switch to remote work, e.g., which agile practices they adapted. We also gained insights on the changes of the performance of agile software development teams and social effects on agile software development teams during the pandemic.
Context: Companies adapt agile methods, practices or artifacts for their use in practice since more than two decades. This adaptions result in a wide variety of described agile practices. For instance, the Agile Alliance lists 75 different practices in its Agile Glossary. This situation may lead to misunderstandings, as agile practices with similar names can be interpreted and used differently.
Objective: This paper synthesize an integrated list of agile practices, both from primary and secondary sources.
Method: We performed a tertiary study to identify existing overviews and lists of agile practices in the literature. We identified 876 studies, of which 37 were included.
Results: The results of our paper show that certain agile practices are listed and used more often in existing studies. Our integrated list of agile practices comprises 38 entries structured in five categories. Conclusion: The high number of agile practices and thus, the wide variety increased steadily over the past decades due to the adaption of agile methods. Based on our findings, we present a comprehensive overview of agile practices. The research community benefits from our integrated list of agile practices as a potential basis for future research. Also, practitioners benefit from our findings, as the structured overview of agile practices provides the opportunity to select or adapt practices for their specific needs.