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The impact of vertical and horizontal integration in the context of Industry 4.0 requires new concepts for the security of industrial Ethernet protocols. The defense in depth concept, basing on the combination of several measures, especially separation and segmentation, needs to be complimented by integrated protection measures for industrial real-time protocols. To cover this challenge, existing protocols need to be equipped with additional functionality to ensure the integrity and availability of the network communication, even in environments, where possible attackers can be present. In order to show a possible way to upgrade an existing protocol, this paper describes a security concept for the industrial Ethernet protocol PROFINET.
This paper presents the implementation of a GMVC-based WAPSS to damp the interarea modes of power systems. The choise for the GMVC to tackle this problem lies on the fact that it can be used to compensate the time delay due to the latency of the transmission system in a more natural way than other controllers. The paper shows that it is possible to improve system’s closed-loop stability since its behavior is the same as if the time delay is not regarded. Simulation results with Kundur’s System prove that a latency of 1 second at a conventional WAPSS might lead system’s power to oscillate for 50 seconds for a short-circuit at the transmission line, whereas the oscillation decreases to only 5 seconds if the GMVC-based WAPSS is implemented.