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Within the HiGHmeducation consortium various online learning modules shall be developed by members of the consortium to address the increasing need for skilled professionals in a networked and digitalized healthcare system. Transferability of these modules to other locations is one main objective for the design of online learning modules. Thus, a didactical framework for online learning modules was developed. To ensure feasibility of the framework, the participating universities were analyzed concerning availability of e-learning support structures and infrastructures including learning management systems (LMS). The analysis especially focuses on the various LMS learning tools and their suitability for the framework. The framework is the basis for 12 HiGHmeducation online learning modules of which a part has firstly been conducted in winter 2019/20 and leads to a comparable structure of the modules.
A novel method has been implemented to prepare metal oxide nanopowders covered with known quantities of adsorbed water; we subsequently studied the γ-radiolysis of ZrO2 nanopowders covered with H2O layers. H2 yields from the adsorbed water radiolysis are of importance in multiple industrial contexts – the nuclear industry being a prime example. Measured H2 yields at water coverages of just below and above one monolayer are around 350 times greater than for neat water, but these yields decrease rapidly with increasing water loading of the ZrO2 nanoparticles, approaching the yield of bulk water at coverages of tens of water layers. The observed plateau of the yields at 0.5 to 2.0 monolayers coverage can be explained by the ease with which electronic excitations in the ZrO2 can be transferred across the interface to the first one or two adsorbed water layers. However, with increasing water loading, energy transfer to water layers further away from the interface becomes less efficient, and above ~30 water layers, most of the water is not affected by any exciton formation in the ZrO2.
This paper presents the implementation of a GMVC-based WAPSS to damp the interarea modes of power systems. The choise for the GMVC to tackle this problem lies on the fact that it can be used to compensate the time delay due to the latency of the transmission system in a more natural way than other controllers. The paper shows that it is possible to improve system’s closed-loop stability since its behavior is the same as if the time delay is not regarded. Simulation results with Kundur’s System prove that a latency of 1 second at a conventional WAPSS might lead system’s power to oscillate for 50 seconds for a short-circuit at the transmission line, whereas the oscillation decreases to only 5 seconds if the GMVC-based WAPSS is implemented.
This paper presents a databased approach for improving the precision of the moulding sand compressibility in the moulding sand mixer of a foundry. In this approach, the deviation between the measured and the target compressibility is reduced by controlling the water addition. The complex dynamic behaviour of the process variables and their influence on the water addition is modelled with a long short-term memory (LSTM) network. Another LSTM network as control path simulates the impact of the water addition on the compressibility. Simulation and experimental results with the applied model for water prediction in a feedforward control yield relevant improvements of the moulding sand compressibility.
The impact of vertical and horizontal integration in the context of Industry 4.0 requires new concepts for the security of industrial Ethernet protocols. The defense in depth concept, basing on the combination of several measures, especially separation and segmentation, needs to be complimented by integrated protection measures for industrial real-time protocols. To cover this challenge, existing protocols need to be equipped with additional functionality to ensure the integrity and availability of the network communication, even in environments, where possible attackers can be present. In order to show a possible way to upgrade an existing protocol, this paper describes a security concept for the industrial Ethernet protocol PROFINET.
Die Problematik der aktuell batteriebetriebenen Elektrofahrzeuge liegt in der geringen Reichweite, einem geringen Fahrtgastkomfort, sowie den langen Ladezeiten und einer nicht ausreichenden Ladeinfrastruktur. Diese Tatsachen stellen für die Nutzer eine Hürde für den Umstieg zu batteriebetriebenen Fahrzeugen dar. Eine schon heute verfügbare Brückentechnologie ist der Range Extender. Diese, meist im Fahrzeug integrierten Einheiten, liefern zusätzliche Reichweite, bei einer elektrischen Leistung von meist über 15 kWel und einem durchschnittlichen Anlagenwirkungsgrad von Ƞ RE ≈ 29 %. In dieser Arbeit wird ein modulares Konzept eines erweiterten Range Extenders untersucht, welches die Funktion der Kraft-Wärme-Kopplung und Kraft-Kälte-Kopplung nutzt. Diese Hilfseinheit soll zum einen den Nachteil der geringen Reichweite aufgrund der eingeschränkten Batteriekapazitäten, zum anderen den geringen thermischen Innenraumkomfort von batteriebetriebenen Fahrzeugen ausgleichen. Das Konzept einer Kraftwärme/-kältekopplung zur Klimatisierung von BEV wird in der vorliegenden Arbeit mit Hilfe eines Versuchsaufbaus messtechnisch und theoretisch mittels Simulation untersucht, sowie anhand der ermittelten Kennfelder beurteilt. Die Simulation basiert dabei auf empirisch ermittelten Daten. In den gewählten Fahrzeugklassen Kleinstwagen, Kompakt- und Mittelklasse wird der mittlere Gesamtwirkungsgrad der Anlagenkomponenten in Abhängigkeit von Klimadaten (Wetterdaten) bestimmt. Dieser ermittelte Wirkungsgrad ist abhängig von äußeren thermischen Anforderungen und der Ausnutzung der Anlagenkomponenten. Der modulierbare Leistungsbereich des mikro Blockheizkraftwerks mit Kraft-Kälte-Kopplung hat zum Heizen einen thermischen Leistungsbereich von 5,7 – 13,0 kWthh. Der mechanische Leistungsbereich von 2,0 - 14,5 kWme wird in zwei Bereiche aufgeteilt. Zur Kühlung wird ein thermischer Bereich von 1,0 – 7,0 kWthk und zur elektrischen Stromerzeugung ein Leistungsbereich von 1,0 – 6,0 kWel verwendet. Basierend auf den in dieser Arbeit experimentell ermittelten Kennfeldern, die unter Berücksichtigung der lokalen klimatischen Bedingungen in Deutschland berechnet wurden, kann der Anlagenwirkungsgrad für Kleinstwagen mit Ƞ Kl = 58,9 ± 3,5 %, für die Kompaktklasse mit Ƞ Ko = 62,2 ± 5,5 % und für die Mittelklasse mit durchschnittlich Ƞ Mk = 65,2 ± 4,8 % ermittelt werden. Die zusätzlich gewonnenen Reichweiten, die durch Einsparung von batterieelektrischer Energie für die Klimatisierung und durch Einspeisung von erzeugter elektrischer Energie erreicht werden, liegen bei den Kleinstwagen bei 246 ± 31 km, in der Kompaktklasse bei 296 ± 103 km und in der Mittelklasse bei 314 ± 104 km. Eine Abtrennung des Klimakompressors von der Verbrennungskraftmaschine führt dabei zusätzlich zu einer teilweisen Verbesserung der ermittelten Werte. Im Vergleich dazu, lässt sich ein durchschnittlicher Reichweitenzuwachs von 103 km, ohne den Einsatz eines Kraftstoffes, nur durch Nutzung eines effizienteren Systems erreichen, wenn eine Wärmepumpe eingesetzt wird. Zusammenfassend kann festgehalten werden, dass der Einsatz der Kraftwärme -Kältekopplung zur Klimatisierung von Elektrofahrzeugen nachhaltig und sinnvoller erscheint, als der Einsatz eines konventionellen Range Extender, denn der Einsatz eines zusätzlichen Kraftstoffes sollte so effizient wie möglich genutzt werden.
One of the main concerns of this publication is to furnish a more rational basis for discussing bioplastics and use fact-based arguments in the public discourse. Furthermore, “Biopolymers – facts and statistics” aims to provide specific, qualified answers easily and quickly for decision-makers in particular from public administration and the industrial sector. Therefore, this publication is made up like a set of rules and standards and largely foregoes textual detail. It offers extensive market-relevant and technical facts presented in graphs and charts, which means that the information is much easier to grasp. The reader can expect comparative market figures for various materials, regions, applications, process routes, agricultural land use, water use or resource consumption, production capacities, geographic distribution, etc.
Digital data on tangible and intangible cultural assets is an essential part of daily life, communication and experience. It has a lasting influence on the perception of cultural identity as well as on the interactions between research, the cultural economy and society. Throughout the last three decades, many cultural heritage institutions have contributed a wealth of digital representations of cultural assets (2D digital reproductions of paintings, sheet music, 3D digital models of sculptures, monuments, rooms, buildings), audio-visual data (music, film, stage performances), and procedural research data such as encoding and annotation formats. The long-term preservation and FAIR availability of research data from the cultural heritage domain is fundamentally important, not only for future academic success in the humanities but also for the cultural identity of individuals and society as a whole. Up to now, no coordinated effort for professional research data management on a national level exists in Germany. NFDI4Culture aims to fill this gap and create a usercentered, research-driven infrastructure that will cover a broad range of research domains from musicology, art history and architecture to performance, theatre, film, and media studies.
The research landscape addressed by the consortium is characterized by strong institutional differentiation. Research units in the consortium's community of interest comprise university institutes, art colleges, academies, galleries, libraries, archives and museums. This diverse landscape is also characterized by an abundance of research objects, methodologies and a great potential for data-driven research. In a unique effort carried out by the applicant and co-applicants of this proposal and ten academic societies, this community is interconnected for the first time through a federated approach that is ideally suited to the needs of the participating researchers. To promote collaboration within the NFDI, to share knowledge and technology and to provide extensive support for its users have been the guiding principles of the consortium from the beginning and will be at the heart of all workflows and decision-making processes. Thanks to these principles, NFDI4Culture has gathered strong support ranging from individual researchers to highlevel cultural heritage organizations such as the UNESCO, the International Council of Museums, the Open Knowledge Foundation and Wikimedia. On this basis, NFDI4Culture will take innovative measures that promote a cultural change towards a more reflective and sustainable handling of research data and at the same time boost qualification and professionalization in data-driven research in the domain of cultural heritage. This will create a long-lasting impact on science, cultural economy and society as a whole.
Background
In Germany, up to 50% of nursing home residents are admitted to a hospital at least once a year. It is often unclear whether this is beneficial or even harmful. Successful interprofessional collaboration and communication involving general practitioners (GPs) and nurses may improve medical care of nursing home residents. In the previous interprof study, the six-component intervention package interprof ACT was developed to facilitate collaboration of GPs and nurses in nursing homes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the interprof ACT intervention.
Methods
This multicentre, cluster randomised controlled trial compares nursing homes receiving the interprof ACT intervention package for a duration of 12 months (e.g. comprising appointment of mutual contact persons, shared goal setting, standardised GPs’ home visits) with a control group (care as usual). A total of 34 nursing homes are randomised, and overall 680 residents recruited. The intervention package is presented in a kick-off meeting to GPs, nurses, residents/relatives or their representatives. Nursing home nurses act as change agents to support local adaption and implementation of the intervention measures. Primary outcome is the cumulative incidence of hospitalisation within 12 months. Secondary outcomes include admissions to hospital, days admitted to hospital, use of other medical services, prevalence of potentially inappropriate medication and quality of life. Additionally, health economic and a mixed methods process evaluation will be performed.
Discussion
This study investigates a complex intervention tailored to local needs of nursing homes. Outcomes reflect the healthcare and health of nursing home residents, as well as the feasibility of the intervention package and its impact on interprofessional communication and collaboration. Because of its systematic development and its flexible nature, interprof ACT is expected to be viable for large-scale implementation in routine care services regardless of local organisational conditions and resources available for medical care for nursing home residents on a regular basis. Recommendations will be made for an improved organisation of primary care for nursing home residents. In addition, the results may provide important knowledge and data for the development and evaluation of further strategies to improve outpatient care for elderly care-receivers.
With an increasing complexity and scale, sufficient evaluation of Information Systems (IS) becomes a challenging and difficult task. Simulation modeling has proven as suitable and efficient methodology for evaluating IS and IS artifacts, presupposed it meets certain quality demands. However, existing research on simulation modeling quality solely focuses on quality in terms of accuracy and credibility, disregarding the role of additional quality aspects. Therefore, this paper proposes two design artifacts in order to ensure a holistic quality view on simulation quality. First, associated literature is reviewed in order to extract relevant quality factors in the context of simulation modeling, which can be used to evaluate the overall quality of a simulated solution before, during or after a given project. Secondly, the deduced quality factors are integrated in a quality assessment framework to provide structural guidance on the quality assessment procedure for simulation. In line with a Design Science Research (DSR) approach, we demonstrate the eligibility of both design artifacts by means of prototyping as well as an example case. Moreover, the assessment framework is evaluated and iteratively adjusted with the help of expert feedback.