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After kidney transplantation graft rejection must be prevented. Therefore, a multitude of parameters of the patient is observed pre- and postoperatively. To support this process, the Screen Reject research project is developing a data warehouse optimized for kidney rejection diagnostics. In the course of this project it was discovered that important information are only available in form of free texts instead of structured data and can therefore not be processed by standard ETL tools, which is necessary to establish a digital expert system for rejection diagnostics. Due to this reason, data integration has been improved by a combination of methods from natural language processing and methods from image processing. Based on state-of-the-art data warehousing technologies (Microsoft SSIS), a generic data integration tool has been developed. The tool was evaluated by extracting Banff-classification from 218 pathology reports and extracting HLA mismatches from about 1700 PDF files, both written in german language.
Background:
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare genetic disease and characterized by clinical features such as paroxysmal, recurrent angioedema of the skin, the gastrointestinal tract, and the upper airways. Swelling of the skin occurs primarily in the face, extremities and genitals. Gastrointestinal attacks are accompanied by painful abdominal cramps, vomiting and diarrhea. Due to the low prevalence and the fact that HAE patients often present with rather unspecific symptoms such as abdominal cramps, the final diagnosis is often made after a long delay. The aim of this German-wide survey was to characterize the period between occurrence of first symptoms and final diagnosis regarding self-perceived health, symptom burden and false diagnoses for patients with HAE.
Results:
Overall, 81 patients with HAE were included and participated in the telephone-based survey. Of those, the majority reported their current health status as “good” (47.5%) or “very good” (13.8%), which was observed to be a clear improvement compared to the year before final diagnosis (“good” (16.3%), “very good” (11.3%)). Edema in the extremities (85.2%) and in the gastrointestinal tract (81.5%) were the most currently reported symptoms and occurred earlier than other reported symptoms (mean age at onset 18.1 and 17.8 years, respectively). Misdiagnoses were observed in 50.6% of participating HAE patients with appendicitis and allergy being the most frequently reported misdiagnoses (40.0 and 30.0% of those with misdiagnosis, respectively). Patients with misdiagnosis often received mistreatment (80.0%) with pharmaceuticals and surgical interventions as the most frequently carried out mistreatments (65.6 and 56.3% of those with mistreatment, respectively). The mean observed diagnostic delay was 18.1 years (median 15.0 years). The diagnostic delay was higher in older patients and index patients.
Conclusions:
This study showed that self-perceived status of health for patients is much better once the final correct diagnosis has been made and specific treatment was available. Further challenge in the future will still be to increase awareness for HAE especially in settings which are normally approached by patients at occurrence of first symptoms to assure early referral to specialists and therefore increase the likelihood of receiving an early diagnosis.
Aim:
To characterize palliative care patients, to estimate the incidence, prevalence, and 1-year all-cause mortality in patients in Germany who received palliative care treatment.
Subject and methods:
The study analyzed the InGef Research Database, which covers 4 million people insured in German statutory health insurance companies. Specific outpatient and inpatient reimbursement codes were used to capture cases with palliative conditions. The prevalence was ascertained for the year 2015. The incidence was calculated for patients without documented palliative care services in the year before the observation period. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to analyze the 1-year all-cause mortality.
Results:
The incidence rate of palliative conditions was 41.3 and 34.9 per 10,000 persons in women and men, respectively. The prevalence per 10,000 persons was 61.3 in women and 51.1 in men. The 1-year all-cause mortality among patients receiving their first palliative care treatment was 67.5%. Mortality was lower in patients receiving general outpatient palliative care treatment (AAPV; 60.8%) compared to patients receiving specialized outpatient palliative care treatment (SAPV; 86.1%) or inpatient palliative care treatment (90.6%). Within the first 30 days, mortality was particularly high (~43.0%).
Conclusions:
In Germany, more than 400,000 patients per year receive palliative care treatment, which is lower compared to estimates of the number of persons with a potential need for palliative care. This gap was observed particularly in younger to middle-aged individuals. The findings indicate a demand for methodologically sound studies to investigate the public health burden and to quantify the unmet need for palliative care in Germany.
Background:
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory, immune mediated disease of the central nervous system, with Relapsing Remitting MS (RRMS) being the most common type. Within the last years, the status of high disease activity (HDA) has become increasingly important for clinical decisions. Nevertheless, little is known about the incidence, the characteristics, and the current treatment of patients with RRMS and HDA in Germany. Therefore, this study aims to estimate the incidence of HDA in a German RRMS patient population, to characterize this population and to describe current drug treatment routines and further healthcare utilization of these patients.
Methods:
A claims data analyses has been conducted, using a sample of the InGef Research Database that comprises data of approximately four million insured persons from around 70 German statutory health insurances (SHI). The study was conducted in a retrospective cohort design, including the years 2012–2016. Identification of RRMS population based on ICD-10 code (ICD-10-GM: G35.1). For identification of HDA, criteria from other studies as well as expert opinions have been used. Information on incidence, characteristics and current treatment of patients with RRMS and HDA was considered.
Results:
The overall HDA incidence within the RRMS population was 8.5% for 2016. It was highest for the age group of 0–19 years (29.4% women, 33.3% men) and lowest for the age group of ≥ 50 years (4.3% women, 5.6% men). Mean age of patients with RRMS and incident HDA was 38.4 years (SD: 11.8) and women accounted for 67.8%.
Analyses of drug utilization showed that 82.4% received at least one disease-modifying drug (DMD) in 2016. A percentage of 49.8% of patients received drugs for relapse therapy. A share of 55% of RRMS patients with HDA had at least one hospitalization with a mean length of stay of 13.9 days (SD: 18.3 days) in 2016. The average number of outpatient physician contacts was 28.1 (SD: 14.0).
Conclusions:
This study based on representative Germany-wide claims data from the SHI showed a high incidence of HDA especially within the young RRMS population. Future research should consider HDA as an important criterion for the quality of care for MS patients.
Self-directed learning is an essential basis for lifelong learning and requires constantly changing, target groupspecific and personalized prerequisites in order to motivate people to deal with modern learning content, not to overburden them and yet to adequately convey complex contexts. Current challenges in dealing with digital resources such as information overload, reduction of complexity and focus, motivation to learn, self-control or psychological wellbeing are taken up in the conception of learning settings within our QpLuS IM project for the study program Information Management and Information Management extra-occupational (IM) at the University of Applied Sciences and Arts Hannover. We present an interactive video on the functionality of search engines as a practical example of a medially high-quality and focused self-learning format that has been methodically produced in line with our agile, media-didactic process and stage model of complexity levels.
Digital data on tangible and intangible cultural assets is an essential part of daily life, communication and experience. It has a lasting influence on the perception of cultural identity as well as on the interactions between research, the cultural economy and society. Throughout the last three decades, many cultural heritage institutions have contributed a wealth of digital representations of cultural assets (2D digital reproductions of paintings, sheet music, 3D digital models of sculptures, monuments, rooms, buildings), audio-visual data (music, film, stage performances), and procedural research data such as encoding and annotation formats. The long-term preservation and FAIR availability of research data from the cultural heritage domain is fundamentally important, not only for future academic success in the humanities but also for the cultural identity of individuals and society as a whole. Up to now, no coordinated effort for professional research data management on a national level exists in Germany. NFDI4Culture aims to fill this gap and create a usercentered, research-driven infrastructure that will cover a broad range of research domains from musicology, art history and architecture to performance, theatre, film, and media studies.
The research landscape addressed by the consortium is characterized by strong institutional differentiation. Research units in the consortium's community of interest comprise university institutes, art colleges, academies, galleries, libraries, archives and museums. This diverse landscape is also characterized by an abundance of research objects, methodologies and a great potential for data-driven research. In a unique effort carried out by the applicant and co-applicants of this proposal and ten academic societies, this community is interconnected for the first time through a federated approach that is ideally suited to the needs of the participating researchers. To promote collaboration within the NFDI, to share knowledge and technology and to provide extensive support for its users have been the guiding principles of the consortium from the beginning and will be at the heart of all workflows and decision-making processes. Thanks to these principles, NFDI4Culture has gathered strong support ranging from individual researchers to highlevel cultural heritage organizations such as the UNESCO, the International Council of Museums, the Open Knowledge Foundation and Wikimedia. On this basis, NFDI4Culture will take innovative measures that promote a cultural change towards a more reflective and sustainable handling of research data and at the same time boost qualification and professionalization in data-driven research in the domain of cultural heritage. This will create a long-lasting impact on science, cultural economy and society as a whole.
Microservices is an architectural style for complex application systems, promising some crucial benefits, e.g. better maintainability, flexible scalability, and fault tolerance. For this reason microservices has attracted attention in the software development departments of different industry sectors, such as ecommerce and streaming services. On the other hand, businesses have to face great challenges, which hamper the adoption of the architectural style. For instance, data are often persisted redundantly to provide fault tolerance. But the synchronization of those data for the sake of consistency is a major challenge. Our paper presents a case study from the insurance industry which focusses consistency issues when migrating a monolithic core application towards microservices. Based on the Domain Driven Design (DDD) methodology, we derive bounded contexts and a set of microservices assigned to these contexts. We discuss four different approaches to ensure consistency and propose a best practice to identify the most appropriate approach for a given scenario. Design and implementation details and compliance issues are presented as well.
Die Problematik der aktuell batteriebetriebenen Elektrofahrzeuge liegt in der geringen Reichweite, einem geringen Fahrtgastkomfort, sowie den langen Ladezeiten und einer nicht ausreichenden Ladeinfrastruktur. Diese Tatsachen stellen für die Nutzer eine Hürde für den Umstieg zu batteriebetriebenen Fahrzeugen dar. Eine schon heute verfügbare Brückentechnologie ist der Range Extender. Diese, meist im Fahrzeug integrierten Einheiten, liefern zusätzliche Reichweite, bei einer elektrischen Leistung von meist über 15 kWel und einem durchschnittlichen Anlagenwirkungsgrad von Ƞ RE ≈ 29 %. In dieser Arbeit wird ein modulares Konzept eines erweiterten Range Extenders untersucht, welches die Funktion der Kraft-Wärme-Kopplung und Kraft-Kälte-Kopplung nutzt. Diese Hilfseinheit soll zum einen den Nachteil der geringen Reichweite aufgrund der eingeschränkten Batteriekapazitäten, zum anderen den geringen thermischen Innenraumkomfort von batteriebetriebenen Fahrzeugen ausgleichen. Das Konzept einer Kraftwärme/-kältekopplung zur Klimatisierung von BEV wird in der vorliegenden Arbeit mit Hilfe eines Versuchsaufbaus messtechnisch und theoretisch mittels Simulation untersucht, sowie anhand der ermittelten Kennfelder beurteilt. Die Simulation basiert dabei auf empirisch ermittelten Daten. In den gewählten Fahrzeugklassen Kleinstwagen, Kompakt- und Mittelklasse wird der mittlere Gesamtwirkungsgrad der Anlagenkomponenten in Abhängigkeit von Klimadaten (Wetterdaten) bestimmt. Dieser ermittelte Wirkungsgrad ist abhängig von äußeren thermischen Anforderungen und der Ausnutzung der Anlagenkomponenten. Der modulierbare Leistungsbereich des mikro Blockheizkraftwerks mit Kraft-Kälte-Kopplung hat zum Heizen einen thermischen Leistungsbereich von 5,7 – 13,0 kWthh. Der mechanische Leistungsbereich von 2,0 - 14,5 kWme wird in zwei Bereiche aufgeteilt. Zur Kühlung wird ein thermischer Bereich von 1,0 – 7,0 kWthk und zur elektrischen Stromerzeugung ein Leistungsbereich von 1,0 – 6,0 kWel verwendet. Basierend auf den in dieser Arbeit experimentell ermittelten Kennfeldern, die unter Berücksichtigung der lokalen klimatischen Bedingungen in Deutschland berechnet wurden, kann der Anlagenwirkungsgrad für Kleinstwagen mit Ƞ Kl = 58,9 ± 3,5 %, für die Kompaktklasse mit Ƞ Ko = 62,2 ± 5,5 % und für die Mittelklasse mit durchschnittlich Ƞ Mk = 65,2 ± 4,8 % ermittelt werden. Die zusätzlich gewonnenen Reichweiten, die durch Einsparung von batterieelektrischer Energie für die Klimatisierung und durch Einspeisung von erzeugter elektrischer Energie erreicht werden, liegen bei den Kleinstwagen bei 246 ± 31 km, in der Kompaktklasse bei 296 ± 103 km und in der Mittelklasse bei 314 ± 104 km. Eine Abtrennung des Klimakompressors von der Verbrennungskraftmaschine führt dabei zusätzlich zu einer teilweisen Verbesserung der ermittelten Werte. Im Vergleich dazu, lässt sich ein durchschnittlicher Reichweitenzuwachs von 103 km, ohne den Einsatz eines Kraftstoffes, nur durch Nutzung eines effizienteren Systems erreichen, wenn eine Wärmepumpe eingesetzt wird. Zusammenfassend kann festgehalten werden, dass der Einsatz der Kraftwärme -Kältekopplung zur Klimatisierung von Elektrofahrzeugen nachhaltig und sinnvoller erscheint, als der Einsatz eines konventionellen Range Extender, denn der Einsatz eines zusätzlichen Kraftstoffes sollte so effizient wie möglich genutzt werden.
Background
In Germany, up to 50% of nursing home residents are admitted to a hospital at least once a year. It is often unclear whether this is beneficial or even harmful. Successful interprofessional collaboration and communication involving general practitioners (GPs) and nurses may improve medical care of nursing home residents. In the previous interprof study, the six-component intervention package interprof ACT was developed to facilitate collaboration of GPs and nurses in nursing homes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the interprof ACT intervention.
Methods
This multicentre, cluster randomised controlled trial compares nursing homes receiving the interprof ACT intervention package for a duration of 12 months (e.g. comprising appointment of mutual contact persons, shared goal setting, standardised GPs’ home visits) with a control group (care as usual). A total of 34 nursing homes are randomised, and overall 680 residents recruited. The intervention package is presented in a kick-off meeting to GPs, nurses, residents/relatives or their representatives. Nursing home nurses act as change agents to support local adaption and implementation of the intervention measures. Primary outcome is the cumulative incidence of hospitalisation within 12 months. Secondary outcomes include admissions to hospital, days admitted to hospital, use of other medical services, prevalence of potentially inappropriate medication and quality of life. Additionally, health economic and a mixed methods process evaluation will be performed.
Discussion
This study investigates a complex intervention tailored to local needs of nursing homes. Outcomes reflect the healthcare and health of nursing home residents, as well as the feasibility of the intervention package and its impact on interprofessional communication and collaboration. Because of its systematic development and its flexible nature, interprof ACT is expected to be viable for large-scale implementation in routine care services regardless of local organisational conditions and resources available for medical care for nursing home residents on a regular basis. Recommendations will be made for an improved organisation of primary care for nursing home residents. In addition, the results may provide important knowledge and data for the development and evaluation of further strategies to improve outpatient care for elderly care-receivers.
A novel method has been implemented to prepare metal oxide nanopowders covered with known quantities of adsorbed water; we subsequently studied the γ-radiolysis of ZrO2 nanopowders covered with H2O layers. H2 yields from the adsorbed water radiolysis are of importance in multiple industrial contexts – the nuclear industry being a prime example. Measured H2 yields at water coverages of just below and above one monolayer are around 350 times greater than for neat water, but these yields decrease rapidly with increasing water loading of the ZrO2 nanoparticles, approaching the yield of bulk water at coverages of tens of water layers. The observed plateau of the yields at 0.5 to 2.0 monolayers coverage can be explained by the ease with which electronic excitations in the ZrO2 can be transferred across the interface to the first one or two adsorbed water layers. However, with increasing water loading, energy transfer to water layers further away from the interface becomes less efficient, and above ~30 water layers, most of the water is not affected by any exciton formation in the ZrO2.
The reactivity of graphene at its boundary region has been imaged using non-linear spectroscopy to address the controversy whether the terraces of graphene or its edges are more reactive. Graphene was functionalised with phenyl groups, and we subsequently scanned our vibrational sum-frequency generation setup from the functionalised graphene terraces across the edges. A greater phenyl signal is clearly observed at the edges, showing evidence of increased reactivity in the boundary region. We estimate an upper limit of 1 mm for the width of the CVD graphene boundary region.
The impact of vertical and horizontal integration in the context of Industry 4.0 requires new concepts for the security of industrial Ethernet protocols. The defense in depth concept, basing on the combination of several measures, especially separation and segmentation, needs to be complimented by integrated protection measures for industrial real-time protocols. To cover this challenge, existing protocols need to be equipped with additional functionality to ensure the integrity and availability of the network communication, even in environments, where possible attackers can be present. In order to show a possible way to upgrade an existing protocol, this paper describes a security concept for the industrial Ethernet protocol PROFINET.
Rezension zu der Doppelausstellung "Zeitenwende 1400" des Dommuseums Hildesheim und des Landesmuseums Hannover. Während die Ausstellung im Hildesheimer Dommuseum ausgehend von der Stadt und dem Hochstift Hildesheim sowie der weiteren Region eine kulturhistorische Gesamtschau der Zeit um 1400 präsentiert, stellt die Ausstellung im Landesmuseum Hannover die Goldene Tafel aus der Benediktinerabteikirche St. Michaelis in Lüneburg, ein Flügelaltarretabel aus den ersten Jahrzehnten des 15. Jahrhunderts, als herausragendes Kunstwerk des Spätmittelalters in den Mittelpunkt.
Rezension zu:
Rösch, Hermann et al.: Bibliotheken und Informationsgesellschaft in Deutschland : eine Einführung / Hermann Rösch, Jürgen Seefeldt, Konrad Umlauf ; unter Mitarbeit von Albert Bilo und Eric W. Steinhauer ; mitbegründet von Engelbert Plassmann. – 3., neukonzipierte und aktualisierte Auflage. – Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2019. – XIII, 329 Seiten. – ISBN 9783447066204 : EUR 39.80 (auch als EBook verfügbar)
Public knowledge and awareness towards antibiotics use in Yogyakarta: A cross sectional survey
(2020)
Irrational use of antibiotics is a public health problem. Our study aimed to evaluate knowledge and awareness of antibiotics, and to examine its’ associated factors. We conducted a cross sectional survey. The questionnaire was adapted from WHO Multi-country survey. Adults aged 18 years old and were receiving prescription from eight outpatient clinics and pharmacies in Yogyakarta province completed the survey. The questionnaire was consisted of three sections, i.e. socio-demographic factors, knowledge of antibiotics, and experiences in using antibiotics. Scores on questions and data were presented descriptively and analyzed using logistic regression to evaluate the influence of variables on knowledge of antibiotics. Out of 268 respondents, a cumulative 76% of them used antibiotics in last six months. Majority of respondents (58%) had low level knowledge on antibiotic use and awareness, and incorrectly identified that cold and cough are treatable with antibiotics (75%). Interestingly, 71% of participants agreed that internet is a major source of information on antibiotics (71%), while only 58% and 45% of respondents see pharmacists and medical professionals respectively. The antibiotics were received from prescription (79%) and 70% of respondents completed the full course of antibiotics prescribed, but only 32% of them became more cautious about antibiotic use. We found the highest association between gender, age, education level, with the knowledge of antibiotics. The overall level of knowledge and awareness on antibiotics use among residents in Yogyakarta is low. This mandates public health awareness intervention programs to be implemented on the use of antibiotics.
Within the HiGHmeducation consortium various online learning modules shall be developed by members of the consortium to address the increasing need for skilled professionals in a networked and digitalized healthcare system. Transferability of these modules to other locations is one main objective for the design of online learning modules. Thus, a didactical framework for online learning modules was developed. To ensure feasibility of the framework, the participating universities were analyzed concerning availability of e-learning support structures and infrastructures including learning management systems (LMS). The analysis especially focuses on the various LMS learning tools and their suitability for the framework. The framework is the basis for 12 HiGHmeducation online learning modules of which a part has firstly been conducted in winter 2019/20 and leads to a comparable structure of the modules.
With an increasing complexity and scale, sufficient evaluation of Information Systems (IS) becomes a challenging and difficult task. Simulation modeling has proven as suitable and efficient methodology for evaluating IS and IS artifacts, presupposed it meets certain quality demands. However, existing research on simulation modeling quality solely focuses on quality in terms of accuracy and credibility, disregarding the role of additional quality aspects. Therefore, this paper proposes two design artifacts in order to ensure a holistic quality view on simulation quality. First, associated literature is reviewed in order to extract relevant quality factors in the context of simulation modeling, which can be used to evaluate the overall quality of a simulated solution before, during or after a given project. Secondly, the deduced quality factors are integrated in a quality assessment framework to provide structural guidance on the quality assessment procedure for simulation. In line with a Design Science Research (DSR) approach, we demonstrate the eligibility of both design artifacts by means of prototyping as well as an example case. Moreover, the assessment framework is evaluated and iteratively adjusted with the help of expert feedback.
One of the main concerns of this publication is to furnish a more rational basis for discussing bioplastics and use fact-based arguments in the public discourse. Furthermore, “Biopolymers – facts and statistics” aims to provide specific, qualified answers easily and quickly for decision-makers in particular from public administration and the industrial sector. Therefore, this publication is made up like a set of rules and standards and largely foregoes textual detail. It offers extensive market-relevant and technical facts presented in graphs and charts, which means that the information is much easier to grasp. The reader can expect comparative market figures for various materials, regions, applications, process routes, agricultural land use, water use or resource consumption, production capacities, geographic distribution, etc.
Concreteness of words has been measured and used in psycholinguistics already for decades. Recently, it is also used in retrieval and NLP tasks. For English a number of well known datasets has been established with average values for perceived concreteness.
We give an overview of available datasets for German, their correlation and evaluate prediction algorithms for concreteness of German words. We show that these algorithms achieve similar results as for English datasets. Moreover, we show for all datasets there are no significant differences between a prediction model based on a regression model using word embeddings as features and a prediction algorithm based on word similarity according to the same embeddings.
Flatness-based feedforward control is an approach for combining fast motion with low oscillations for nonlinear or flexible drive systems. Its desired trajectories must be continuously differentiable to the degree of the system order. Designing such trajectories, that also reach the dynamic system limits, poses a challenge. Common solutions, like Gevrey functions, usually require lengthy offline calculations. To achieve a quicker and simpler industrial-suited solution, this paper presents a new online trajectory generation scheme. The algorithm utilizes higher order s-curve trajectories created by a cyclic filtering process using moving average filters. An experimental validation proves the capability as well as industrial applicability of the presented approach for flexible structures like stacker cranes.
Die Studie leistet einen Beitrag zur Entwicklung der professionellen Handlungsfähigkeit in der Sozialen Arbeit. Ziel ist es, Berufsanfänger*innen zukünftig größere Sicherheit über ihr erworbenes Wissen und Können und ihre Handlungsfähigkeit zu geben. Die Handlungsfelder Sozialer Arbeit sind i.d.R. komplex und gehen mit hohen Belastungen einher, so dass gerade der Berufseinstieg eine große Herausforderung darstellt.
Die vertiefte Literaturrecherche zum Kompetenzbedarf im Berufsfeld der Sozialen Arbeit bietet ein umfassendes Bild von professioneller Handlungsfähigkeit in der Sozialen Arbeit. Dabei liegt der Fokus auf der Sicht der Betroffenen, den mit der Hochschule kooperierenden Praxisanleiter*innen sowie den sich im Anerkennungsjahr befindenden Sozialarbeiter*innen, die im Forschungszeitraum ihr Anerkennungsjahr ableisteten. Die Ergebnisse aus den über einen Methodenmix erhobenen Daten geben Hinweise für die Weiterentwicklung des Curriculums, zur Unterstützung der Praxisanleiter*innen und zur Verankerung von beruflicher Reflexion im Alltag und den Studientagen sowie auf den großen Bedarf an Vernetzung zwischen den Einrichtungen und der Hochschule.
Ausgangslage: Vor dem Hintergrund der vielfältigen Möglichkeiten des Settings Hochschule, die gesundheitlichen Belange von derzeit 719.203 Beschäftigten und 2,9 Millionen Studierenden zu gestalten und auf diese einzuwirken, bauen immer mehr Hochschulen interne Strukturen zur Gestaltung einer gesundheitsförderlichen Lehr-/ Lernumgebung auf. Besonders die Gesundheit von Studierenden ist in den vergangenen Jahren stärker in den Fokus gerückt, sodass Projekte des Studentischen Gesundheitsmanagements, die die Vermittlung von Gesundheitsförderung an alle Studierende als Aufgabe für den zukünftigen beruflichen Wirkungsbereich beabsichtigen, zunehmend vorangetrieben werden. Bislang gibt es jedoch keine empirischen Untersuchungen, die die MultiplikatorInnenrolle von AbsolventInnen in beruflichen Handlungsfeldern bestätigen.
Ziel der Studie: Ziel der Studie war es herauszufinden, ob und zu welchem Anteil die hochschulisch erworbenen Kompetenzen zum BGM bzw. zur BGF in den beruflichen Handlungsfeldern Anwendung finden und ob sich die AbsolventInnen als MultiplikatorInnen eigeninitiativ an der Gestaltung eines gesundheitsförderlichen Settings beteiligen.
Methoden: Im Rahmen einer als Querschnittsstudie angelegten AbsolventInnen-Befragung zum beruflichen Verbleib beteiligten sich n = 125 AbsolventInnen aus Studiengängen für Pflege- und Gesundheitsberufe. Die Auswertung und Diskussion der Ergebnisse fokussierte sich auf den Befragungsteil zum Betrieblichen Gesundheitsmanagement.
Ergebnisse: Die AbsolventInnen setzen insbesondere verhaltens- und verhältnisbezogene Maßnahmen in ihrem Berufsalltag um und fühlen sich durch ihr Studium gut darauf vorbereitet, Aufgaben zur Ausgangsbestimmung, Maßnahmenentwicklung sowie Evaluationen und Wirksamkeitsnachweise in Bereichen des Betrieblichen Gesundheitsmanagements bzw. der Betrieblichen Gesundheitsförderung zu übernehmen. Der Transfer des gesundheitsförderlichen Wissens und Handelns im Sinne der MultiplikatorInnenrolle zeigt jedoch Handlungsbedarf.
Schlussfolgerungen: Es bedarf einer vertiefenden Reflexion und Stärkung des persönlichen Selbstverständnisses und der professionellen Identität der Gesundheits- und Pflegeberufe mit Blick auf die Betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung unter Einbezug der kontextspezifischen Rahmenbedingungen der Hochschulen und des Gesundheitswesens.
Diversity wird vielerorts als Querschnittsaufgabe erfolgreich in die Organisationsentwicklung von Hochschulen integriert. Aus der Perspektive einer mittelgroßen Hochschule sollen die Hürden dabei näher betrachtet werden. Implementierte Maßnahmen einer diversity-reflexiven und habitussensiblen Lehre für die heterogenen Studierenden eines ingenieurswissenschaftlichen Studiengangs werden analysiert und Reaktionen auf den Versuch eines Kulturwandels eingefangen. Dabei wird hinterfragt, wie nachhaltig ein solches Vorgehen sein kann. Mit qualitativem Material wird dabei die Perspektive der bisher in den Hochschulen unterrepräsentierten Studierenden eingeholt.
This paper presents a databased approach for improving the precision of the moulding sand compressibility in the moulding sand mixer of a foundry. In this approach, the deviation between the measured and the target compressibility is reduced by controlling the water addition. The complex dynamic behaviour of the process variables and their influence on the water addition is modelled with a long short-term memory (LSTM) network. Another LSTM network as control path simulates the impact of the water addition on the compressibility. Simulation and experimental results with the applied model for water prediction in a feedforward control yield relevant improvements of the moulding sand compressibility.
This paper presents the implementation of a GMVC-based WAPSS to damp the interarea modes of power systems. The choise for the GMVC to tackle this problem lies on the fact that it can be used to compensate the time delay due to the latency of the transmission system in a more natural way than other controllers. The paper shows that it is possible to improve system’s closed-loop stability since its behavior is the same as if the time delay is not regarded. Simulation results with Kundur’s System prove that a latency of 1 second at a conventional WAPSS might lead system’s power to oscillate for 50 seconds for a short-circuit at the transmission line, whereas the oscillation decreases to only 5 seconds if the GMVC-based WAPSS is implemented.
Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit dem Trend "Gamification" und untersucht an Hand einer Szenario-Analyse, wie sich der Trend auf die Standgestaltung der B2B-Messen im Jahr 2030 auswirken wird.
Hierfür wurde intensive Literaturrecherche betrieben zu den Kernthemen: Gamification, Design, B2B-Messe und Trends im Messewesen.
Nach einer Auswertung dieser Themen in Bezug auf deren Kernelemente und Schlüsselkombinationen wurden 15 Zukunftsprojektionen erstellt, welche anschließend in 3 Szenarien zu Zukunftsbildern ausformuliert wurden.
Fazit der Arbeit ist, dass der Trend Gamification zwar an Bedeutung gewinnt, das Standdesign jedoch nur geringfügig beeinflussen wird. Andere Trendthemen wie Nachhaltigkeit, Sicherheit und die generelle Digitalisierung sowie ein Drang zu Kommunikation werden stärkeren Einfluss auf die Zukunft des Messewesens, und dadurch auch die Standgestaltung bei B2B-Messen, nehmen.
A study to assess the knowledge and attitude towards HIV of pharmacy students from Mumbai university
(2020)
Background: India is the biggest HIV epidemic in the world. The role of a pharmacist is pivotal in educating the general masses. The aim of the study was to determine the knowledge and attitude of pharmacy students from University of Mumbai.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in University of Mumbai during February-March 2020. Therein, 307 students (214: females and 94: males) participated in the study. The questionnaire was distributed in the classroom and data was collected by means of Google-forms. Furthermore, the data was analysed using IBM SPSS version 23.
Results: The participants demonstrated good knowledge (84%) and attitude (76%) score. With respect to knowledge score, no significant difference was observed except for responses of two questions, aim of the antiretroviral therapy (ART) and Avoidance of sexual intercourse can decrease the risk of HIV. With respect to attitude score, Volunteering to work at an institute for the welfare of HIV patients showed a significant difference.
Conclusion: The current study showed that there were no misconceptions or negative attitude regarding HIV among the students. However, a study with greater sample size must be conducted across India for further investigation.
The practice, attitude, and knowledge of complementary and alternative medicine in Mumbai, India
(2020)
Background: In the recent times, there has been a resurging interest in the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in India. The present study was conducted to examine the prevalence of CAM use in Mumbai, the knowledge and attitude regarding CAM regarding its safety and efficacy and the reasons for the use of CAM.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the general population of Mumbai and its adjoining regions during January-July 2020. 205 residents participated in the study and were asked to fill a pretested questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23.
Results: Out of the 205 responses, 163 (79.51%) agreed to have used CAM at least once in their life. Of these, 108 (52.68%) respondents used Ayurveda and 105 (51.21%) used homeopathy. 60 (36.81%) of the respondents practicing CAM used it for common gastrointestinal (GIT)-related disorder with a 100% recovery rate, 125 (76.67%) for infectious diseases with a 93.6% recovery rate. 99 (60.74%) of the respondents preferring CAM for its safety profile, 68 (41.72%) believed that CAM is time tested and thus is efficacious. An integrative approach was suggested by 118 (57.56%) of all the respondents.
Conclusions: There is a disparity between the high prevalence in the use of CAM and its knowledge. However, a general consensus suggests that CAM is efficacious and is practiced for various indications.
This paper presents the fundamental investigation on crack propagation rate (CPR) and Stress Intensity Factor (SIF) for a typical fatigue and welded specimens which are Compact Tension (CT) and Single Edge Notch Tension (SENT) as well as Butt and longitudinal T-joint. The material data of austenitic stainless steel SS316L was used to observe crack propagation rate with different initial crack length and different tensile load was used for the fracture mechanics investigation. The geometry of the specimens was modelled by using open source software CASCA while Franc 2D was used for post processing based on Paris Erdogan Law with different crack increment steps. The analysis of crack propagation using fracture mechanics technique requires an accurate calculation of the stress intensity factor SIF and comparison of the critical strength of the material (KIC) was used to determine the critical crack length of the specimens. it can be concluded that open source finite element method software can be used for predicting of fatigue life on simplified geometry.
A descriptive cross-sectional study of cholera at Kakuma and Kalobeyei refugee camps, Kenya in 2018
(2020)
Introduction: cholera is a significant public health concern among displaced populations. Oral cholera vaccines are safe and can effectively be used as an adjunct to prevent cholera in settings with limited access to water and sanitation. Results from this study can inform future consideration for cholera vaccination at Kakuma and Kalobeyei.
Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study of cholera cases at Kakuma refugee camp and Kalobeyei integrated settlement was carried out between May 2017 to May 2018 (one year). Data were extracted from the medical records and line lists at the cholera treatment centres.
Results: the results found 125 clinically suspected and confirmed cholera cases and one related death (CFR 0.8%). The cumulative incidence of all cases was 0.67 (95% CI=0.56-0.80) cases/1000 persons. Incidence of cholera was higher in children under the age of five 0.94(95% CI=0.63-1.36) cases/1000 persons. Children aged <5 years showed 51% increased risk of cholera compared to those aged ≥5 years (RR=1.51; 95% CI=1.00-2.31, p=0.051). Individuals from the Democratic Republic of Congo had nearly 9-fold risk of reporting cholera (RR=8.62; 95% CI=2.55-37.11, p<0.001) while individuals from South Sudan reported 7 times risk of cholera case compared to those from Somalia (RR=7.39; 95% CI=2.78-27.73, p<0.001).
Conclusion: in addition to the improvement of water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH), vaccination could be implemented as a short-medium term measure of preventing cholera outbreaks. Age, country of origin and settlement independently predicted the risk of cholera.
In parcel delivery, the “last mile” from the parcel hub to the customer is costly, especially for time-sensitive delivery tasks that have to be completed within hours after arrival. Recently, crowdshipping has attracted increased attention as a new alternative to traditional delivery modes. In crowdshipping, private citizens (“the crowd”) perform short detours in their daily lives to contribute to parcel delivery in exchange for small incentives. However, achieving desirable crowd behavior is challenging as the crowd is highly dynamic and consists of autonomous, self-interested individuals. Leveraging crowdshipping for time-sensitive deliveries remains an open challenge. In this paper, we present an agent-based approach to on-time parcel delivery with crowds. Our system performs data stream processing on the couriers’ smartphone sensor data to predict delivery delays. Whenever a delay is predicted, the system attempts to forge an agreement for transferring the parcel from the current deliverer to a more promising courier nearby. Our experiments show that through accurate delay predictions and purposeful task transfers many delays can be prevented that would occur without our approach.
Introduction:
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection remains prevalent co-morbidity, and among fracture patients. Few studies have investigated the role of exercise interventions in preventing bone demineralization in people who have fractures and HIV. If exercise exposed, HIV-infected individuals may experience improved bone health outcomes (BMD), function, quality of life (QoL). The study will aim to assess the impact of home based exercises on bone mineral density, functional capacity, QoL, and some serological markers of health in HIV infection among Nigerians and South Africans.
Methods and design:
The study is an assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial. Patients managed with internal and external fixation for femoral shaft fracture at the study sites will be recruited to participate in the study. The participants will be recruited 2 weeks post-discharge at the follow-up clinic with the orthopaedic surgeon. The study population will consist of all persons with femoral fracture and HIV-positive and negative (HIV-positive medically confirmed) aged 18 to 60 years attending the above-named health facilities. For the HIV-positive participants, a documented positive HIV result, as well as a history of being followed-up at the HIV treatment and care center. A developed home based exercise programme will be implemented in the experimental group while the control group continues with the usual rehabilitation programme. The primary outcome measures will be function, gait, bone mineral density, physical activity, and QoL.
Discussion:
The proposed trial will compare the effect of a home-based physical exercise-training programme in the management of femoral fracture to the usual physiotherapy management programmes with specific outcomes of bone mineral density, function, and inflammatory markers.
The network security framework VisITMeta allows the visual evaluation and management of security event detection policies. By means of a "what-if" simulation the sensitivity of policies to specific events can be tested and adjusted. This paper presents the results of a user study for testing the usability of the approach by measuring the correct completion of given tasks as well as the user satisfaction by means of the system usability scale.
Das Forschungscluster Smart Data Analytics stellt in dem vorliegenden Band seine Forschung aus den Jahren 2019 und 2020 vor. In der ersten Hälfte des Bandes geben 20 Kurzporträts von laufenden oder kürzlich abgeschlossenen Projekten einen Überblick über die Forschungsthemen im Cluster. Enthalten in den Kurzporträts ist eine vollständige, kommentierte Liste der wissenschaftlichen Veröffentlichungen aus den Jahren 2019 und 2020. In der zweiten Hälfte dieses Bandes geben vier längere Beiträge exemplarisch einen tieferen Einblick in die Forschung des Clusters und behandeln Themen wie Fehlererkennung in Datenbanken, Analyse und Visualisierung von Sicherheitsvorfällen in Netzwerken, Wissensmodellierung und Datenintegration in der Medizin, sowie die Frage ob ein Computerprogramm Urheber eines Kunstwerkes im Sinne des Urheberrechts sein kann.
Das Forschungscluster Industrie 4.0 stellt in acht Beiträgen aktuelle Ergebnisse aus seinen vielfältigen Forschungsprojekten vor. Es werden virtuelle Techniken in der Produktentwicklung, Lehrkonzepte für Industrie 4.0, Energy Harvesting bei Antennen, Energiemanagement in Produktionsanlagen, firmenübergreifende IT-Security Anforderungen, dezentral gesteuerte Produktionsprozesse und Spracherkennung mit Mikrocontrollern behandelt.
Die vergleichende Fallstudie untersucht die Auswirkungen des Einsatzes von Videokonferenzsoftware (VKS) in einer kooperativen Lernumgebung in einem Masterseminar der Hochschule Hannover im Studiengang Unternehmensentwicklung. Es wurden 13 problemzentrierte Interviews mit Teilnehmenden eines Online- und eines Präsenzkurses geführt. Die gewonnenen Daten aus den Interviewaussagen wurden unter Anwendung des an der Hochschule eingesetzten Evaluationsfragebogens auf Plausibilität geprüft. Es wurden acht Probanden aus dem Onlinekurs und fünf Probanden aus dem vorherigen Präsenzkurs befragt. Die Interviews wurden über eine qualitative Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet. Die zentralen
Ergebnisse waren, dass das Teleteaching zwar funktioniert, die Onlinestudierenden aber eine niedrigere Aufmerksamkeit, eine gehemmte aktive Beteiligung, eine geringere Interaktion zwischen den Studierenden und eine erschwerte Interaktion in den Gruppenarbeiten wahrnehmen. Als größte Nachteile wurden die fehlenden persönlichen Kontakte und die niedrige Aufmerksamkeit identifiziert. Als größter Vorteil erwies sich die erhöhte Flexibilität durch den ersparten Anfahrtsweg. Ein für Teleteaching zentraler Erfolgsfaktor ist, dass die Kameras auch bei den Teilnehmenden angeschaltet sein sollten, damit die Aufmerksamkeit und die aktive Beteiligung gefördert werden. Zwölf der Probanden stuften den VKS-Einsatz als sinnvolle Ergänzung für Seminare ein. Präsenzseminare sind aber keinesfalls durch Onlineseminare zu ersetzen.
In diesem Beitrag werden die Ergebnisse einer Personalbefragung österreichischer Polizisten und Polizistinnen in Ausbildung geschildert, bei denen die Einstellung zu Korruption erhoben wurde. Weiterhin wurden Variablen wie Geschlecht, Alter und Bildungsgrad erhoben, die in Hellfeldforschung zu Korruption häufig als Merkmale von Korruptionstätern und Korruptionstäterinnen genannt werden. Im Fokus dieses Beitrags steht unter anderem die Frage, inwieweit sich Befunde aus dem Hellfeld von Korruption im Dunkelfeld abbilden. Zur Klärung dieser Frage werden Merkmale aus dem Hellfeld der Korruptionstäter und Korruptionstäterinnen auf eine Ursache-Wirkungs-Beziehung mit der Einstellung zu Korruption im Dunkelfeld überprüft. Zudem wird in diesem Beitrag die Frage geklärt, wie die Polizisten und Polizistinnen in Ausbildung hinsichtlich der Einstellung zu Korruption im Vergleich mit der Allgemeinbevölkerung Österreichs abschneiden. Polizisten und Polizistinnen in Ausbildung sind für das Bundesamt zur Korruptionsprävention und Korruptionsbekämpfung (kurz: BAK) die größte Zielgruppe bei der Ausbildung und Weiterbildung öffentlich Bediensteter in Österreich.
Die Ergebnisse lassen erkennen, dass sich die Befunde aus dem Hellfeld von Korruption nicht im Dunkelfeld abbilden, denn die überprüften Variablen weisen insgesamt betrachtet keine substanzielle Ursache-Wirkungs-Beziehung mit der Einstellung zu Korruption auf. Hinsichtlich des Vergleichs der österreichischen Polizisten und Polizistinnen in Ausbildung mit der Allgemeinbevölkerung Österreichs zeigen sich nur geringfügige Unterschiede in der Einstellung zu Korruption. Tendenziell lehnen die Polizisten und Polizistinnen in Ausbildung Korruption eher ab als die Allgemeinbevölkerung Österreichs.
The control of clinical mastitis on dairy farms is an essential part of animal health management. Knowledge of the causative microorganisms, the cure rates achievable in the field and essential associated factors are crucial for proper control. The objectives of the present study were to characterize clinical mastitis cases in Germany and to analyze factors influencing cure rates and the recurrence rate. Milk samples of every clinical mastitis case occurring on 12 participating farms were examined cytomicrobiologically. Post-treatment quarter samples were taken after 14 and 21 days. Treatments were performed according to existing farm protocols. Of 2883 clinical mastitis cases, the most prevalent pathogens were Streptococcus (S.) uberis (20.2%) and coliforms (11.6%). In 35% of the milk samples, no bacteriological growth was detected. The overall bacteriological cure rate was 73.3%, while the cytological cure rate was 22.3%, the full cure rate 21.4% and the recurrence rate 18.8%. Regarding the pathogen distribution of severe mastitis, coliform bacteria were detected in 30.5% of the cases, whereas S. uberis was detected in 26.5% thereof. The results show that severe mastitis is caused almost as frequently by Gram-positive as by Gram-negative microorganisms. The low cytological cure rates show that the therapy needs to be further developed with regard to calming the inflammation. The obtained data can be very helpful in assessing internal mastitis scenarios and the effect of measures and therapies.
Vor der Abgabe einer Studien- oder Abschlussarbeit ist dringend eine sorgfältige Überarbeitung in Form einer Endredaktion vorzunehmen, um eine gute Bewertung der Arbeit nicht zu gefährden. Dies ist einfach; denn das Vorgehen ist schlicht und wenig aufwändig. Daher wäre es besonders ärgerlich, einfache Fehler nicht zu beheben und dafür Abzüge bei der Bewertung der Arbeit hinzunehmen. Für eine Endredaktion wird hiermit eine Anleitung vorgelegt.
Streptococcus dysgalactiae is among the most important pathogens causing bovine mastitis. Unfortunately, there is presently a lack of clear knowledge about the mode of transmission — contagious or environmental — of this pathogen. To obtain more information on this, knowledge of the genetic diversity of the isolated microorganisms at the farm level can be useful. To observe the strain variety in different herds of cattle, isolates of Strep. dysgalactiae were collected from clinical mastitis samples at different farms, and the strains were typed using the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) method. Overall, we performed strain typing on 93 isolates from 16 farms in Germany and used an index to describe the degree of contagiosity of Strep. dysgalactiae at each farm. This index (CI) represents the number of isolates divided by the number of strains found in mastitis milk of clinical cases within a period of 14 months. The results differed between the farms. In one farm, all six Strep. dysgalactiae cases that occurred during the study period were caused by a single strain (CI = 6), while in another farm the six cases that occurred were caused by five different strains (CI = 1.2). All other farms fell between these two extremes. This indicates that Strep. dysgalactiae infections can occur via several routes of transmission. At the farm level, strain comparisons are necessary to determine the routes of transmission. Two strains were able to survive on the farm for a minimum of 14 months.
Background: Virtual reality (VR) is increasingly used as simulation technology in emergency medicine education and training, in particular for training nontechnical skills. Experimental studies comparing teaching and learning in VR with traditional training media often demonstrate the equivalence or even superiority regarding particular variables of learning or training effectiveness.
Objective: In the EPICSAVE (Enhanced Paramedic Vocational Training with Serious Games and Virtual Environments) project, a highly immersive room-scaled multi-user 3-dimensional VR simulation environment was developed. In this feasibility study, we wanted to gain initial insights into the training effectiveness and media use factors influencing learning and training in VR.
Methods: The virtual emergency scenario was anaphylaxis grade III with shock, swelling of the upper and lower respiratory tract, as well as skin symptoms in a 5-year-old girl (virtual patient) visiting an indoor family amusement park with her grandfather (virtual agent). A cross-sectional, one-group pretest and posttest design was used to evaluate the training effectiveness and quality of the training execution. The sample included 18 active emergency physicians.
Results: The 18 participants rated the VR simulation training positive in terms of training effectiveness and quality of the training execution. A strong, significant correlation (r=.53, P=.01) between experiencing presence and assessing training effectiveness was observed. Perceived limitations in usability and a relatively high extraneous cognitive load reduced this positive effect.
Conclusions: The training within the virtual simulation environment was rated as an effective educational approach. Specific media use factors appear to modulate training effectiveness (ie, improvement through “experience of presence” or reduction through perceived limitations in usability). These factors should be specific targets in the further development of this VR simulation training.
Die Gesellschaft ist geprägt von einem zunehmenden Bedürfnis nach Mitbestimmung und damit auch Beteiligung. In Zeiten mangelnder Wohnangebote ist das Interesse besonders groß, wenn bedeutsame Baumaßnahmen thematisiert werden und große Veränderungen mit sich bringen.
Die positive Resonanz auf innerstädtische Immobilienprojekte ist alles andere als selbstverständlich, dabei liegen die Interessen häufig eng beieinander. "Man wird natürlich nie alle zufriedenstellen können" aber häufig mangelt es an ausreichender Kommunikation und Aufklärungsarbeit.
Die Wissenschaftsarbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, welche Ansprüche an Bürgerkommunikation bestehen und welche Chancen sich daraus für die Kommunikation von Bauprojekten ergeben. Daraus resultiert ein Lösungsansatz für die Immobilien-Public-Relations (PR).
Untersuchungen zu Berufen der Wirtschaftsinformatik bleiben weiterhin
interessant, wenn sie helfen können, dem mittlerweile länger anhaltenden
IT-Fachkräftemangel entgegenzuwirken. Eine Untersuchung der Hochschule
Hannover zu Wirtschaftsinformatikern/-informatikerinnen in den ersten zehn Jahren im Beruf zeigt deren berufliche Ziele und die berufliche Zufriedenheit, die sie erlangen. Deutlich wird, dass Frauen und Männer das Arbeitsklima und die Arbeitsbedingungen sehr unterschiedlich wahrnehmen und daher auch unterschiedlich zufrieden sind. Dabei bemängeln Frauen vor allem Merkmale, die mit „fehlender Fairness“ zu beschreiben sind.
Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt Einsatzpotenziale des Energiemanagementprofils PROFIenergy in der Prozessindustrie.
Der Blick auf den Status von Energieeffizienzmaßnahmen in der Prozessindustrie zeigt, dass diese im Wesentlichen innerhalb der verfahrenstechnischen Optimierung angesiedelt sind. Noch hat sich der durchgängige Einsatz von technischen Energiemanagementsystemen
(tEnMS) nicht etabliert. Diese Arbeit fokussiert Vorteile des tEnMS-Einsatzes und präsentiert „Best Practice“- Beispiele in der Prozessindustrie. Abschließend wird aufgezeigt, welches Potenzial das Energiemanagementprofil PROFIenergy liefern kann und welche Anwendungsfälle sich damit abdecken lassen.
Am Beispiel des Fünf-Faktoren-Modells der Persönlichkeit aus der Psychologie (Big 5) wird exemplarisch gezeigt, wie komplexe Lerninhalte adäquat für eine Onlinevermittlung aufbereitet werden können und wie man zugleich die Lernmotivation der Teilnehmenden erhöhen kann. Hierfür wurde eine bestehende Lerneinheit mit Präsenzvermittlung im Umfang von einem halben Tag in ein Onlineformat übertragen. Der Kern des Onlineformats beinhaltet sechs Lernvideos, bestehend aus einem Videofilm zum Modellüberblick und je einem Videofilm für jeden der fünf Faktoren des Modells. In den Videofilmen agieren die fünf Mitglieder einer Rockband sowie ein Erzähler aus dem Off. Jedes Bandmitglied steht prototypisch für einen der fünf Faktoren des Modells. Die Darstellung der fünf Bandmitglieder (The Big Fives) und deren Interaktion werden als Grundlage genutzt, um die Anwendung des Fünf-Faktoren-Modells zu üben.
Correction to: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3862-7
In the original publication of this article, the authors missed that reverse coding was necessary for the item “Do you work separate from your colleagues?” before calculating the scale ‘social relations’. So they corrected the analysis accordingly. The results with the revised scale show that there are no longer any significant differences between nurses and physicians with regard to this scale.
The bio-based plastic market is forecast to grow in the next years. With a growing market share and product range, the implementation of circular thinking is becoming more and more important also for bio-based plastics to enable a sound circular economy for these group of plastics. Therefore, it is important to assess the environmental performance for different end-of-life options of bio-based plastics from an early stage on. This review presents a comprehensive overview on the current status quo of different end-of-life options for bio-based plastics from an environmental perspective. Based on the status quo and the corresponding impact assessment results, the global plastic demand as well as the technical substitution potential of bio-based plastics, the environmental saving potential in case of the different end-of-life options was calculated. The review shows that there is a focus on polylactic acid (PLA) regarding end-of-life assessment, with studies covering all end-of-life options. The focus of the impact assessment has been set on global warming potential (GWP). With respect to GWP, the analysis of a future global potential of PLA showed, for mechanical recycling, the highest saving potential with 94.1 Mio. t CO2-eq. per year in comparison to virgin material.
Unter Crowdsensing versteht man Anwendungen, in denen Sensordaten kollaborativ von einer Menge von Freiwilligen erhoben werden. So kann Crowdsensing eingesetzt werden um die Luftqualität an Orten zu messen, an denen keine fest installierten Sensoren verfügbar sind. In Crowdsensing-Systemen müssen die Teilnehmer koordiniert und die Messdaten verarbeitet werden, um relevante Daten zu erhalten. Im Rahmen der Abschlussarbeit wurde ein System konzipiert und prototypisch umgesetzt, das auf einem Raspberry Pi (unter Einsatz geeigneter Sensoren) Sensordaten erhebt und mit der Complex Event Processing Technologie verarbeitet.
Wie kann man den empfundenen Alltagsstress bewältigen und eigene, sinnvolle Ziele erreichen? Woher kommt die Zeitnot und was kann man tun? Gibt es Faktoren, die Glück und Erfolg fördern? Was kann man in seinem Studien- und Arbeitsalltag tun, um sich wohl zu fühlen und erfolgreich zu sein? Welche Zeitmanagement-Tools helfen bei der Organisation von Studium und Arbeitsalltag?
Diese und weitere Fragen werden im Workbook beantwortet. Der Selbstmanagement-Prozesskreis wird vorgestellt, verschiedene Modelle, Prinzipien und Techniken werden vermittelt. Mit vielen Reflexionsfragen und Übungen.