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Mit Blick auf Cora Baltussens Leben, Wirken und Beratungsverständnis werden die demokratischen, emanzipatorischen und internationalen Wurzeln der Rezeption der Profession Supervision in Deutschland in den 1950er und 1960er Jahren betont. Das ist besonders notwendig angesichts kritischer Weiterentwicklungen von Supervision und Coaching, bei denen die professionsethischen Grundlagenfragen zum Teil aus dem Blick geraten.
Bibliotheken sind Lernorte. Der interne Organisationsaufbau von Bibliotheken weist hingegen bisher wenige Strukturen einer Lernenden Organisation auf. Um die Bereitstellung von Medien und Informationen für Bibliotheksnutzer aufrechtzuerhalten und stetig an deren Bedürfnissen auszurichten (z. B. im Kontext der fortschreitenden Digitalisierung), bedarf es eines gut ausgebildeten Bibliothekspersonals. Klassische Fortbildungskonzepte gehören ebenso dazu, wie der kontinuierliche, persönliche Lernprozess eines jeden Bibliotheksmitarbeiters. Die Methode „Working Out Loud“ kann eingesetzt werden, um diese persönlichen Fähigkeiten auszubauen und eine agile Arbeitsweise anzuregen. Daher wird überprüft, inwiefern Working Out Loud die Lernende Organisation unterstützen kann. Zunächst wird die Methode Working Out Loud und deren Anwendung bei Unternehmen vorgestellt. Dann werden die Kennzeichen von Lernenden Organisationen definiert und auf Bibliotheken angewandt. Angeschlossen wird eine Betrachtung des zwölf Wochenprogramms von Working Out Loud und deren Potential zur Unterstützung der Lernenden Bibliothek. Working Out Loud vermittelt Bibliotheksmitarbeitern durch gezielte Übungen eine offenere Arbeitseinstellung, die sie mit ihren Kollegen innerhalb und außerhalb der Bibliothek zu teilen lernen.
In der vorliegenden Bachelorarbeit wird thematisiert, wie Coding zu Zwecken der sich im Umbruch befindenden MINT-Bildung eingesetzt werden kann und welche Kompetenzen durch das Erlernen von Programmierfähigkeiten gefördert werden. Darüber hinaus wird ein Bezug zur Informatik als Herkunftswissenschaft des Coding hergestellt und die Relevanz einer frühzeitigen Aneignung von Programmierfähigkeiten in einer digitalen Gesellschaft beleuchtet. Eine Analyse der webbasierten Programmierplattformen Open Roberta Lab, Scratch, Sprite Lab von Code.org und TurtleCoder, die zur Vermittlung von Programmier-fähigkeiten bei Kindern genutzt werden können, gibt Aufschluss darüber, ob sich die benannten Programmierplattformen auch für den Einsatz in außerschulischen Bildungseinrichtungen, wie etwa öffentliche Bibliotheken, eignen.
Die Anzahl an mit dem HI-Virus Neuinfizierten sinkt aufgrund der stetig voranschreitenden Forschung im Bereich der Therapie der HIV-Infektion kontinuierlich. Durch die erforschten HIV-Medikamente, wie zum Beispiel Biktarvy®, Atripla®, Eviplera® oder Genvoya® kann bei nicht vorliegenden Resistenzen oftmals ein bemerkenswerter Therapieerfolg erzielt werden. Doch der Therapieerfolg wird von vielen verschiedenen Faktoren beeinflusst. Um dies genauer zu analysieren, handelt die vorliegende Bachelorarbeit von der Untersuchung des Einflusses verschiedener Parameter auf den Therapieerfolg von HIV-Infizierten. Da es zahlreiche Einflussfaktoren gibt, wurde eine engere Auswahl getroffen. In dieser Arbeit wurde daher der Einfluss von dem Geschlecht, der Therapiekombination, der Altersgruppe, den vergangenen Jahren seit der gestellten Diagnose sowie der Dauer der bereits eingenommenen Therapie auf die Laborwerte „Viruslast“ und „CD4-Zellzahl“ untersucht. Ziel der Bachelorarbeit war es, mehr Daten zu gewinnen, die Ergebnisse des Einflusses der soeben genannten Kenngrößen enthalten. Für die statistische Vergleichsanalyse wurden Daten aus der seit knapp 20 Jahren bestehenden HIV-Datenbank der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover, Abteilung Rheumatologie und Immunologie, herangezogen. Um die Ergebnisse dieser Bachelorarbeit zusammenzufassen, lässt sich resümieren, dass bei mehr als der Hälfte der Patienten, genauer gesagt bei 51 anhand der Viruslast und 57 von je 72 Patienten anhand der CD4-Zellen, ein Therapieerfolg erzielt werden konnte. Vor allem bei den Einflussgrößen Geschlecht und Therapiekombination konnte ein bemerkenswerter Einfluss auf den Therapieerfolg festgestellt werden. Bei den weiteren Parametern Altersgruppe, Diagnosedauer und Therapiedauer ist kein statistisch signifikanter Unterschied ermittelt worden.
Using openEHR Archetypes for Automated Extraction of Numerical Information from Clinical Narratives
(2019)
Up to 80% of medical information is documented by unstructured data such as clinical reports written in natural language. Such data is called unstructured because the information it contains cannot be retrieved automatically as straightforward as from structured data. However, we assume that the use of this flexible kind of documentation will remain a substantial part of a patient’s medical record, so that clinical information systems have to deal appropriately with this type of information description. On the other hand, there are efforts to achieve semantic interoperability between clinical application systems through information modelling concepts like HL7 FHIR or openEHR. Considering this, we propose an approach to transform unstructured documented information into openEHR archetypes. Furthermore, we aim to support the field of clinical text mining by recognizing and publishing the connections between openEHR archetypes and heterogeneous phrasings. We have evaluated our method by extracting the values to three openEHR archetypes from unstructured documents in English and German language.
The paper sheds light on the change in the concept of obedience within the Society of Jesus since the 1960s. In the aftermath of the Second Vatican Council, a so-called crisis of authority and obedience took place in the Catholic Church and the religious orders. As a consequence, the notions of responsibility and conscience came to the fore in the Jesuit definition of obedience. The religious concept of obedience, that is the obedience towards God, was reassessed as a service to humanity. The paper analyzes how the change in the concept of obedience gave rise to the promotion of social justice, which the Society of Jesus proclaimed at General Congregation 32 in 1974/75. By including the promotion of social justice into their central mission, Jesuits not only fundamentally transformed their self-conception, but also their ethical values. The paper argues that the pursuit of social justice became a form of religious obedience.
Der Tagungsband der Teaching Trends 2018 bietet allen Leser*innen spannende Einblicke in Präsenzhochschulen, die in geschickten Szenarien verschiedene digitale Medien für den Kompetenzerwerb ihrer Studierenden nutzen. In einer breiten Sicht auf die Digitalisierung beschäftigen sich die Tagungsbeiträge mit neuen Lernformaten wie Blended Learning und Inverted Classroom, deren aktuellen rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen in DSGVO und Urheberrecht und technischen Grundlagen, z.B. in Augmented / Virtual Reality oder Audience Response. Darüber hinaus jedoch kommen übergreifende Strategien und Entwicklungskonzepte zu Wort, die die Hochschule in eine digitale Zukunft führen. In allen Bereichen berichteten die Vortragenden sowohl direkt aus ihrer Lehrpraxis als auch aus der begleitenden Forschung. Zur Abrundung der Tagung haben die Herausgeber*innen das einleitende Streitgespräch zur Bedeutung der digitalen Transformation für Universitäten, die Podiumsdiskussion zu Herausforderungen, die sich daraus für das Studium ergeben, sowie eine Keynote zur Architektur von Lernräumen zu Papier gebracht.
Targeted panel sequencing in pediatric primary cardiomyopathy supports a critical role of TNNI3
(2019)
The underlying genetic mechanisms and early pathological events of children with primary cardiomyopathy (CMP) are insufficiently characterized. In this study, we aimed to characterize the mutational spectrum of primary CMP in a large cohort of patients ≤18 years referred to a tertiary center. Eighty unrelated index patients with pediatric primary CMP underwent genetic testing with a panel-based next-generation sequencing approach of 89 genes. At least one pathogenic or probably pathogenic variant was identified in 30/80 (38%) index patients. In all CMP subgroups, patients carried most frequently variants of interest in sarcomere genes suggesting them as a major contributor in pediatric primary CMP. In MYH7, MYBPC3, and TNNI3, we identified 18 pathogenic/probably pathogenic variants (MYH7 n = 7, MYBPC3 n = 6, TNNI3 n = 5, including one homozygous (TNNI3 c.24+2T>A) truncating variant. Protein and transcript level analysis on heart biopsies from individuals with homozygous mutation of TNNI3 revealed that the TNNI3 protein is absent and associated with upregulation of the fetal isoform TNNI1. The present study further supports the clinical importance of sarcomeric mutation-not only in adult-but also in pediatric primary CMP. TNNI3 is the third most important disease gene in this cohort and complete loss of TNNI3 leads to severe pediatric CMP.
Systematizing IT Risks
(2019)
IT risks — risks associated with the operation or use of information technology — have taken on great importance in business, and IT risk management is accordingly important in the science and practice of information management. Therefore, it is necessary to systematize IT risks in order to plan, manage and control for different risk-specific measures. In order to choose and implement suitable measures for managing IT risks, effect-based and causebased procedures are necessary. These procedures are explained in detail for IT security risks because of their special importance.
In the present paper we sketch an automated procedure to compare different versions of a contract. The contract texts used for this purpose are structurally differently composed PDF files that are converted into structured XML files by identifying and classifying text boxes. A classifier trained on manually annotated contracts achieves an accuracy of 87% on this task. We align contract versions and classify aligned text fragments into different similarity classes that enhance the manual comparison of changes in document versions. The main challenges are to deal with OCR errors and different layout of identical or similar texts. We demonstrate the procedure using some freely available contracts from the City of Hamburg written in German. The methods, however, are language agnostic and can be applied to other contracts as well.
Due to demographic change the number of serious kidney diseases and thus required transplantations will increase. The increased demand for donor organs and a decreasing supply of these organs underline the necessity for effective early rejection diagnostic measures to improve the lifetime of transplants. Expert systems might improve rejection diagnostics but for the development of such systems data models are needed that encompass the relevant information to enable optimal data aggregation and evaluation. Results of a literature review concerning published data models and information systems concerned with kidney transplant rejection diagnostic lead to a set of data elements even if no papers could be identified that publish data models explicitly.
Background: Available preliminary data on menopause does not relate changes in body fat mass (BFM) and handgrip strength (HGS) (an indicator of body/muscle strength) to gait parameters.
Objective: To determine the relationship between BFM, HGS and gait parameters, namely, stride length (SL) (an indicator of walking balance/postural stability), stride frequency (SF), and velocity (V) (gait out- put), to guide gait training.
Methods: Ninety consenting (45 postmenopausal and 45 premenopausal) female staffof the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, were randomly selected and assessed for BFM and HGS with a hydration monitor and dynamometer, respectively, in an observational study. The mean of 2 trials of the number of steps and time taken to cover a 10-m distance at normal speed was used to calculate SF, SL, and V. Data were analyzed using an independent t test and a Pearson correlation coefficient at P < 0.05.
Results: Premenopausal (BFM = 42.93% [12.61%], HGS = 27.89 [7.52] kg, stride ratio = 1.43, and velocity = 1.04 [0.01] m/sec) and postmenopausal (BFM = 41.55% [12.71%], HGS = 30.91 [7.07] kg, stride ratio = 1.44, and velocity = 1.06 [0.01] m/sec) women showed no significant differences in gait output/velocity ( t = 0.138; P = 0.89; d = 0.029). At postmenopause, BFM was significantly and negatively ( r = –0.369; r 2 = 0.1362; P = 0.013) correlated with SL, whereas HGS was positively and significantly ( r = 0.323; r 2 = 0.104; P = 0.030) correlated with gait output at premenopause.
Conclusions: BFM may adversely influence walking balance at postmenopause, whereas HGS may enhance gait output at premenopause but not postmenopause. Therefore, muscle strengthening alone may not enhance gait output in postmenopausal women without balance training.
In this study, we investigated injection molded wood-polypropylene composites based on various wood sources and their decay resistance against white rot (Trametes versicolor) and brown rot (Coniophora puteana) in a laboratory test according to EN 15534-1:2014. The manufactured composites consisted of poplar (Populus spp.), willow (Salix spp.), European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.), and a commercial wood source (Arbocel® C100), respectively. All formulations were compounded on a co-rotating twin screw extruder and subsequently injection molded to wood–PP specimens with a wood content of 60% or 70% by weight. It was found that the test procedure had a significant effect on the mechanical properties. Loss in mechanical properties was primarily caused by moisture and less by fungal decay. Moisture caused a loss in the modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity of 34 to 45% and 29 to 73%, respectively. Mean mass and wood mass losses were up to a maximum of 3.7% and 5.3%, respectively. The high resistance against fungal decay was generally attributed to the encapsulation of wood by the polymer matrix caused by sample preparation, and enhanced by reduced moisture uptake during the preconditioning procedure. Notable differences with respect to the wood particle source and decay fungi were also observed. Structural characterization confirmed the decay pattern of the fungi such as void cavities close the surface and the deposition of calcium oxalates.
Die Reproduzierbarkeit von Studien ist wichtig, um ihre Ergebnisse prüfen zu können. Auch bei Forschung, die auf frühere Ergebnisse aufbaut, wird zuweilen ein Zugang zu den alten Daten oder dem Source Code benötigt. Diese Arbeit analysiert Studien aus der Computerlinguistik hinsichtlich ihrer Reproduzierbarkeit. Zunächst werden die Begrifflichkeiten zu diesem speziellen Gebiet definiert und im folgenden Schritt wird ein Datensatz erstellt, in dem ausgewählte Open-Access-Studien aus dem Jahre 2018 auf der Basis zuvor festgelegter Kriterien bewertet werden. Diese sind unter anderem die Zugänglichkeit des benutzten Materials, der angewendeten Methoden und der Ergebnisse. Neben den Kriterien werden auch Hypothesen zu diesem Datensatz aufgestellt. Schließlich werden die Ergebnisse visualisiert und hinsichtlich besagter Hypothesen interpretiert. Basierend auf der resultierenden Auswertung sind die meisten Studien reproduzierbar. Im Ausblick werden mögliche Weiterführungen und Erweiterungen dieser Untersuchung erläutert.
Aim/Purpose: We explore impressions and experiences of Information Systems graduates during their first years of employment in the IT field. The results help to understand work satisfaction, career ambition, and motivation of junior employees. This way, the attractiveness of working in the field of IS can be increased and the shortage of junior employees reduced.
Background: Currently IT professions are characterized by terms such as “shortage of professionals” and “shortage of junior employees”. To attract more people to work in IT detailed knowledge about experiences of junior employees is necessary.
Methodology: Data from a large survey of 193 graduates of the degree program “Information Systems” at University of Applied Sciences and Arts Hannover (Germany) show characteristics of their professional life like work satisfaction, motivation, career ambition, satisfaction with opportunities, development and career advancement, satisfaction with work-life balance. It is also asked whether men and women gain the same experiences when entering the job market and have the same perceptions.
Findings: The participants were highly satisfied with their work, but limitations or restrictions due to gender are noteworthy.
Recommendations for Practitioners: The results provide information on how human resource policies can make IT professions more attractive and thus convince graduates to seek jobs in the field. For instance, improving the balance between work and various areas of private life seems promising. Also, restrictions with respect to the work climate and improving communication along several dimensions need to be considered.
Future Research: More detailed research on ambition and achievement is necessary to understand gender differences.
Concreteness of words has been studied extensively in psycholinguistic literature. A number of datasets have been created with average values for perceived concreteness of words. We show that we can train a regression model on these data, using word embeddings and morphological features, that can predict these concreteness values with high accuracy. We evaluate the model on 7 publicly available datasets. Only for a few small subsets of these datasets prediction of concreteness values are found in the literature. Our results clearly outperform the reported results for these datasets.
The growing importance of social media in the political arena seems to be in line with the mediatization of politics thesis, which states that mediated communication is becoming more important in politics and increasingly influences political processes. However, how politicians’ social media activities and politicians’ perceptions concerning social media have developed over time has rarely been examined. Moreover, it is unclear how the politicians’ activities and perceptions are related to each other. Referring to theoretical approaches, such as the influence of presumed influence approach, four surveys were conducted among German parliamentarians (MPs) between 2012 and 2016 (n = 194/149/170/118). The results indicate that the MPs’ self-reported social media activities and perceptions have remained remarkably constant since 2012. Regression analyses indicate that MPs’ self-reported social media activities and perceptions are hardly related to each other. This raises the question whether mediatization processes are indeed driven by politicians’ perceptions about media influences.
Background: Oral cancers (OC) are malignant lesions occurring in the oral cavity that include squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), salivary gland and odontogenic neoplasms. Even though it is the eighth most common malignancy globally but in Pakistan it is the second commonest type of cancer. Lack of awareness about ill-effects of preventable risk factors of oral cancer increases the burden of disease due to the associated high cost of treatment, permanent impairment and high mortality. Hence, awareness can be very helpful in prevention, control and early diagnosis of oral cancer.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among university students from Karachi, Pakistan during April to May 2018. Three hundred students were approached to participate in the study of which 277 agreed to participate. Pretested questionnaire was distributed and collected data was analysed using IBM SPSS version 23.
Results: There were 125 (45%) males and 152 (55%) females in the study and response rate was 94%. Sixty one percent (154/250) respondents correctly identified smoking, and tobacco chewing as possible causes of oral cancer. Almost one third (74%; 184/250) respondents correctly responded that oral cancer does not spread from person to person through touch or speaking. Sixty six percent (164/250) respondents believed that oral cancer is curable. Mean score of knowledge was higher in females (61%) than males (53%). Significantly higher number of females compared to male participants answered correctly to questions regarding cause of oral cancer, spread of disease and occurrence of oral cancer in AIDS patients.
Conclusions: Participants showed poor knowledge about oral cancer. Female participants showed better knowledge compared to male counterparts. Details about oral cancer should be incorporated in the university curriculum and periodic awareness programs should be organized for students.
Das wissenschaftliche Publikationswesen befindet sich in einem Transformationsprozess, weg von der Bezahlung des lesenden Zugriffs durch den Kauf von Lizenzen durch Bibliotheken, hin zu der Vergütung der Verlagsleistungen durch Publikationsgebühren. Ziel ist der freie Zugang zu Forschungsergebnissen in wissenschaftlichen Publikationen und den dazugehörigen Forschungsdaten. Dieser freie Zugang zu wissenschaftlicher Literatur wird weltweit, unter dem Begriff Open Access gefördert und vorangebracht. Veränderungen in der Wissenschaft bedeuten auch immer Änderungen in den Arbeitsabläufen und im Aufgabenbereich wissenschaftlicher Bibliotheken. Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Fragestellung, welche Angebote medizinische Fachbibliotheken in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz den Wissenschaftlern ihrer Institution im Bereich des Open Access Publizierens bieten. Aufbauend auf den Ergebnissen einer Webseitenanalyse, werden Handlungsempfehlungen für die Ärztliche Zentralbibliothek im Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf für den Aufbau von Publikationsdiensten, insbesondere für Open Access, erstellt.
Hadoop is a Java-based open source programming framework, which supports the processing and storage of large volumes of data sets in a distributed computing environment. On the other hand, an overwhelming majority of organizations are moving their big data processing and storing to the cloud to take advantage of cost reduction – the cloud eliminates the need for investing heavily in infrastructures, which may or may not be used by organizations. This paper shows how organizations can alleviate some of the obstacles faced when trying to make Hadoop run in the cloud.