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This paper deals with new job profiles in libraries, mainly systems librarians (German: Systembibliothekare), IT librarians (German: IT-Bibliothekare) and data librarians (German: Datenbibliothekare). It investigates the vacancies and requirements of these positions in the German-speaking countries by analyzing one hundred and fifty published job advertisements of OpenBiblioJobs between 2012-2016. In addition, the distribution of positions, institutional bearers, different job titles as well as time limits, scope of work and remuneration of the positions are evaluated. The analysis of the remuneration in the public sector in Germany also provides information on demands for a bachelor's or master's degree.
The average annual increase in job vacancies between 2012 and 2016 is 14.19%, confirming the need and necessity of these professional library profiles.
The higher remuneration of the positions in data management, in comparison to the systems librarian, proves the prerequisite of the master's degree and thus indicates a desideratum due to missing or few master's degree courses. Accordingly, the range of bachelor's degree courses (or IT-oriented major areas of study with optional compulsory modules in existing bachelor's degree courses) for systems and IT librarians must be further expanded. An alternative could also be modular education programs for librarians and information scientists with professional experience, as it is already the case for music librarians.
In huge warehouses or stockrooms, it is often very difficult to find a certain item, because it has been misplaced and is therefore not at its assumed position. This position paper presents an approach on how to coordinate mobile RFID agents using a blackboard architecture based on Complex Event Processing.
Automatic classification of scientific records using the German Subject Heading Authority File (SWD)
(2012)
The following paper deals with an automatic text classification method which does not require training documents. For this method the German Subject Heading Authority File (SWD), provided by the linked data service of the German National Library is used. Recently the SWD was enriched with notations of the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC). In consequence it became possible to utilize the subject headings as textual representations for the notations of the DDC. Basically, we we derive the classification of a text from the classification of the words in the text given by the thesaurus. The method was tested by classifying 3826 OAI-Records from 7 different repositories. Mean reciprocal rank and recall were chosen as evaluation measure. Direct comparison to a machine learning method has shown that this method is definitely competitive. Thus we can conclude that the enriched version of the SWD provides high quality information with a broad coverage for classification of German scientific articles.
Regional Innovation Systems describe the relations between actors, structures and infrastructures in a region in order to stimulate innovation and regional development. For these systems the collection and organization of information is crucial. In the present paper we investigate the possibilities to extract information from websites of companies. First we describe regional innovation systems and the information types that are necessary to create them. Then we discuss the possibilities of text mining and keyword extraction techniques to extract this information from company websites. Finally, we describe a small scale experiment in which keywords related to economic sectors and commodities are extracted from the websites of over 200 companies. This experiment shows what the main challenges are for information extraction from websites for regional innovation systems.
The dependency of word similarity in vector space models on the frequency of words has been noted in a few studies, but has received very little attention. We study the influence of word frequency in a set of 10 000 randomly selected word pairs for a number of different combinations of feature weighting schemes and similarity measures. We find that the similarity of word pairs for all methods, except for the one using singular value decomposition to reduce the dimensionality of the feature space, is determined to a large extent by the frequency of the words. In a binary classification task of pairs of synonyms and unrelated words we find that for all similarity measures the results can be improved when we correct for the frequency bias.
Dieser Beitrag ist im Rahmen des Forschungsschwerpunktes Herbar Digital an der Fachhochschule Hannover entstanden. Es wird ein neuartiges Geschäftsprozessmodell für die Generierung und Digitalisierung von Herbarbelegen vorgestellt, in das mittels eines Prozessmusters eine Fertigungssteuerungskomponente eingebettet ist. Dieser Ansatz ist ein Beitrag zur Entwicklung eines präzisen Prozesscontrollings, das Herbarien ermöglichen soll, die massenhafte Digitalisierung von Herbarbelegen effizient durchzuführen.
Against the background of climate change and finite fossil resources, bio-based plastics have been in the focus of research for the last decade and were identified as a promising alternative to fossil-based plastics. Now, with an evolving bio-based plastic market and application range, the environmental advantages of bio-based plastic have come to the fore and identified as crucial by different stakeholders. While the majority of assessments for bio-based plastics are carried out based on attributional life cycle assessment, there have been only few consequential studies done in this area. Also, the application of eco-design strategies has not been in the focus for the bio-based products due to the prevailing misconceptions of renewable materials (as feedstock for bio-based plastics) considered in itself as an ‘eco-design strategy’. In this paper, we discuss the life cycle assessment as well as eco-design strategies of a bio-based product taking attributional as well as consequential approaches into account.
The research project "Herbar Digital" was started in 2007 with the aim to digitize 3.5 million dried plants on paper sheets belonging to the Botanic Museum Berlin in Germany. Frequently the collector of the plant is unknown, so a procedure had to be developed in order to determine the writer of the handwriting on the sheet. In the present work the static character was transformed into a dynamic form. This was done with the model of an inert ball which was rolled along the written character. During this off-line writer recognition, different mathematical procedures were used such as the reproduction of the write line of individual characters by Legendre polynomials. When only one character was used, a recognition rate of about 40% was obtained. By combining multiple characters, the recognition rate rose considerably and reached 98.7% with 13 characters and 93 writers (chosen randomly from the international IAM-database [3]). A global statistical approach using the whole handwritten text resulted in a similar recognition rate. By combining local and global methods, a recognition rate of 99.5% was achieved.
Our research project, "Rationalizing the virtualization of botanical document material and their usage by process optimization and automation (Herbar-Digital)" started on July 1, 2007 and will last until 2012. Its long-term aim is the digitization of the more than 3,5 million specimens in the Berlin Herbarium. The University of Applied Sciences and Arts in Hannover collaborates with the department of Biodiversity Informatics at the BGBM (Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem) headed by Walter Berendsohn. The part of Herbar-Digital here presented deals with the analysis of the generated high resolution images (10,400 lines x 7,500 pixel).
Das Forschungsprojekt „Herbar Digital” startete 2007 mit dem Ziel der Digitalisierung des Bestands von mehr als 3,5 Millionen getrockneter Pflanzen bzw. Pflanzenteile auf Papierbögen (Herbarbelege) des Botanischen Museums Berlin. Die Aufgabe des Autors ist die Analyse der hochaufgelösten Bilder mit 10400 Zeilen und 7500 Spalten. Die Herbarbelege können außerdem unterschiedliche Objekte enthalten wie Umschläge mit zusätzlichen Pflanzenteilen, gedruckte oder handgeschriebene Etiketten, Farbtabellen, Maßstäbe, Stempel, Barcodes, farbige „Typus-Etiketten“ und handschriftliche Anmerkungen direkt auf dem Beleg. Die schriftlichen Anmerkungen, insbesondere in Handschrift, sind von besonderem Interesse. Kommerzielle OCR-Software kann oftmals Schrift in komplexen Umgebungen nicht lokalisieren, wie sie häufig auf den Herbarbelegen vorliegt, auf denen Schrift zwischen Blättern, Wurzeln und anderen Objekten angeordnet ist. Im folgenden wird eine Methode vorgestellt, die es ermöglicht, Schriftpassagen im Bild automatisch zu finden.
The technical, environmental and economic potential of hemp fines as a natural filler in bioplastics to produce biocomposites is the subject of this study – giving a holistic overview. Hemp fines are an agricultural by-product of the hemp fibres and shives production. Shives and fibres are for example used in the paper, animal bedding or composite area. About 15 to 20 wt.-% per kg hemp straw results in hemp fines after processing. In 2010 about 11,439 metric tons of hemp fines were produced in Europe. Hemp fines are an inhomogeneous material which includes hemp dust, shives and fibre. For these examinations the hemp fines are sieved in a further step with a tumbler sieving machine to obtain more specified fractions. The untreated hemp fines (ex work) as well as the sieved fractions are combined with a polylactide polymer (PLA) using a co-rotating twin screw extruder to produce biocomposites with different hemp fine content. By using an injection moulding machine standard test bars are produced to conduct several material tests. The Young’s modulus is increased and the impact strength reduced by hemp fines. With a content of above 15 wt.-% hemp fines are also improving the environmental (global warming potential) and economic performance in comparison to pure PLA.
Complications may occur after a liver transplantation, therefore proper monitoring and care in the post-operation phase plays a very important role. Sometimes, monitoring and care for patients from abroad is difficult due to a variety of reasons, e.g., different care facilities. The objective of our research for this paper is to design, implement and evaluate a home monitoring and decision support infrastructure for international children who underwent liver transplant operation. A point-of-care device and the PedsQL questionnaire were used in patients’ home environment for measuring the blood parameters and assessing quality of life. By using a tablet PC and a specially developed software, the measured results were able to be transmitted to the health care providers via internet. So far, the developed infrastructure has been evaluated with four international patients/families transferring 38 records of blood test. The evaluation showed that the home monitoring and decision support infrastructure is technically feasible and is able to give timely alarm in case of abnormal situation as well as may increase parent’s feeling of safety for their children.
Beitrag zum Workshop "Informationskompetenz im Norden" am 01.02.2018 im Bibliotheks- und Informationssytem der Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg.
Es geht zunächst darum, welche Ansätze und Projekte die Schreibwerkstatt verfolgt, um Informations- & Schreibprozesse an der Hochschule Hannover zu fördern.
Da es gemeinsame Ziele und Zielgruppen von sowie inhaltliche Überschneidungen zwischen Bibliothek und Schreibwerkstatt gibt, werden Kooperationsbeispiele und Vorteile der Zusammenarbeit vorgestellt.
In recent years, multiple efforts for reducing energy usage have been proposed. Especially buildings offer high potentials for energy savings. In this paper, we present a novel approach for intelligent energy control that combines a simple infrastructure using low cost sensors with the reasoning capabilities of Complex Event Processing. The key issues of the approach are a sophisticated semantic domain model and a multi-staged event processing architecture leading to an intelligent, situation-aware energy management system.
Da mit wachsender Verwendung von Kunststoffen für konstruktive Anwendungen deren Klebbarkeit immer größere Bedeutung erhält und Vorbehandlungen mit umweltbelastenden Verfahren nur mit Vorbehalt eigesetzt werden können, dürften umweltfreundliche Verbehandlungen, wie die Vorbehandlung im Niederdruckplasma, im Folgenden kurz NDP-Vorbehandlung genannt, eine steigende Bedeutung erlangen. Die Umweltfreundlichkeit des Verfahrens ist darin begründet, dass keine verbrauchten Beizbäder anfallen, die mit hohem Aufwand beseitigt werden müssen, und dass der Prozess in einem geschlossenem System abläuft und somit ein unkontrolliertes Entweichen von Schadstoffen nicht möglich ist. Bei der Ndp-Behandlung gegebenenfalls entstehende Schadstoffe fallen nur in sehr geringem Umfang an und können leicht abgefangen und nachbehandelt werden. Da die verwendeten Gase nicht giftig sind, geht von ihnen keine Gefährdung aus.
In vielen Fällen muss vor dem Kleben eine Klebflächenbehandlung durchgeführt werden, da Klebverbindungen mit unvorbehandelten Teilen häufig zu geringe Klebfestigkeiten und/oder eine unzureichende Alterungsbeständigkeit aufweisen. Zur Klebflächenbehandlung stehen unterschiedliche Verfahren zur Verfügung. Wenn mit mehreren Behandlungen klebtechnisch einwandfreie Verbindungen hergestellt werden können, gilt es, das Verfahren zu ermitteln, welches am besten in den Fertigungsfluss integriert werden kann und die geringsten Kosten verursacht. Dabei muss auch die Arbeitssicherheit und der Umweltschutz mit beachtet werden. Zur Beurteilung der Verfahren werden Bewertungskriterien gegeben. Die Verfahren werden abschließend kurz charakterisiert.
An der Fachhochschule Hannover wurde Mitte 2007 das Projekt "Herbar-Digital" gestartet. In dem Forschungsprojekt "Herbar-Digital" sollen aus 3,5 Millionen Papierbögen (Herbarbelege) des Botanischen Museums Berlin möglichst alle Objekte erkannt werden und separat verarbeitbar sein. Bei den Objekten handelt es sich um Barcodes, Tüten, Stempel, Farbtabellen, Elemente aus dem Pflanzenbereich sowie Hand- und Druckschriften. Es soll unter Zuhilfenahme des ADA-BOOST-Algorithmus vom Verfasser eine Objekterkennung realisiert werden, die folgende Eigenschaften aufweist: Position der zu erkennenden Objekte im Bild variabel, auch dreidimensionale - und konturschwache Objekte müssen erkannt werden, gleiche Objekte unterschiedlicher Form müssen erkennbar sein, das System muss lernfähig sein.
Das Referat klärt zuerst, was man unter "Didaktik der Pflege" versteht und inwieweit allgemeindidaktische Zielsetzungen eine Bedeutung für die Pflegeausbildung haben. Dann werden wichtige didaktische Kriterien für die Auswahl von Inhalten der Pflegeausbildung erörtert und gleichzeitig werden Fragestellungen für eine zukünftige Pflegedidaktik formuliert.
Editorial for the 17th European Networked Knowledge Organization Systems Workshop (NKOS 2017)
(2017)
Knowledge Organization Systems (KOS), in the form of classification systems, thesauri, lexical databases, ontologies, and taxonomies, play a crucial role in digital information management and applications generally. Carrying semantics in a well-controlled and documented way, Knowledge Organization Systems serve a variety of important functions: tools for representation and indexing of information and documents, knowledge-based support to information searchers, semantic road maps to domains and disciplines, communication tool by providing conceptual framework, and conceptual basis for knowledge based systems, e.g. automated classification systems. New networked KOS (NKOS) services and applications are emerging, and we have reached a stage where many KOS standards exist and the integration of linked services is no longer just a future scenario. This editorial describes the workshop outline and overview of presented papers at the 17th European Networked Knowledge Organization Systems Workshop (NKOS 2017) which was held during the TPDL 2017 Conference in Thessaloniki, Greece.
