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The paper sheds light on the change in the concept of obedience within the Society of Jesus since the 1960s. In the aftermath of the Second Vatican Council, a so-called crisis of authority and obedience took place in the Catholic Church and the religious orders. As a consequence, the notions of responsibility and conscience came to the fore in the Jesuit definition of obedience. The religious concept of obedience, that is the obedience towards God, was reassessed as a service to humanity. The paper analyzes how the change in the concept of obedience gave rise to the promotion of social justice, which the Society of Jesus proclaimed at General Congregation 32 in 1974/75. By including the promotion of social justice into their central mission, Jesuits not only fundamentally transformed their self-conception, but also their ethical values. The paper argues that the pursuit of social justice became a form of religious obedience.
This formal guide serves as a tool for questioning adult witnesses and accused persons. The utilisation of this framework follows the standard procedure of questioning and is underpinned by a purpose-built set of flash cards. Starting with concrete sample phrasings for informing the person of their rights, tried-and-tested questions and queries follow and lead through the questioning like the central theme. In addition, you will find supplementary explanations for each flash card. This technique enables law-enforcement professionals to obtain comprehensive statements of high quality from individuals willing to testify, which in turn permits a subsequent evaluation of truthfulness of statements to be conducted. The entire technique of questioning is geared towards the most recent scientific consensus. We selected the flash card format in order to allow police officers, for instance, to be able to conduct a questioning at any time and in whichever context. The specified structure contributes to ensuring that the general legislative framework is upheld and that we achieve statements that are considered solid in court. The final section addresses FAQs about this questioning technique, as well as references to further reading for those wishing to delve deeper.
A German university has developed a learning information system to improve information literacy among German students. An online tutorial based on this Lerninformationssystem has been developed. The structure of this learning information system is described, an online tutorial based on it is illustrated, and the different learning styles that it supports are indicated.
An important part of computed tomography is the calculation of a three-dimensional reconstruction of an object from series of X-ray images. Unfortunately, some applications do not provide sufficient X-ray images. Then, the reconstructed objects no longer truly represent the original. Inside of the volumes, the accuracy seems to vary unpredictably. In this paper, we introduce a novel method to evaluate any reconstruction, voxel by voxel. The evaluation is based on a sophisticated probabilistic handling of the measured X-rays, as well as the inclusion of a priori knowledge about the materials that the object receiving the X-ray examination consists of. For each voxel, the proposed method outputs a numerical value that represents the probability of existence of a predefined material at the position of the voxel while doing X-ray. Such a probabilistic quality measure was lacking so far. In our experiment, false reconstructed areas get detected by their low probability. In exact reconstructed areas, a high probability predominates. Receiver Operating Characteristics not only confirm the reliability of our quality measure but also demonstrate that existing methods are less suitable for evaluating a reconstruction.
Primary data is an important source ofinformation for Competitive Intelligence. Traditionally, it has been collected from interviews with stakeholders, talks at conferences and other means of direct interpersonal communication. The role of the Internet in the data collection – if it was used at all – was that of a provider of supplementary secondary data. Here, this approach is challenged and, using three examples of Social Media, it is shown that the Internet can and does provide valuable primary information to the Competitive Intelligence professional. Accordingly, a case is made for a shift of focus in the data collection process.
On April, 23rd 2007 a series of postings started on Infobib.de, where guest authors from all over the world introduced the library and library related blogs of their own country. This book is a collection of 30 revised LibWorld articles, accompanied by a foreword by Walt Crawford. Included are articles about the blogosphere of: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Malawi, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Peru, Puerto Rico, Russia, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Trinidad & Tobago, USA.
One of the main concerns of this publication is to furnish a more rational basis for discussing bioplastics and use fact-based arguments in the public discourse. Furthermore, “Biopolymers – facts and statistics” aims to provide specific, qualified answers easily and quickly for decision-makers in particular from public administration and the industrial sector. Therefore, this publication is made up like a set of rules and standards and largely foregoes textual detail. It offers extensive market-relevant and technical facts presented in graphs and charts, which means that the information is much easier to grasp. The reader can expect comparative market figures for various materials, regions, applications, process routes, agricultural land use, water use or resource consumption, production capacities, geographic distribution, etc.
