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All of us are aware of the changes in the information field during the last years. We all see the paradigm shift coming up and have some idea how it will challenge our profession in the future. But how the road to excellence - in education of information specialists in the future - will look like? There are different models (new and old ones) for reorganising the structure of education: * Integration * Specialisation * Step-by step-model * Modul System * Network System / Combination model The paper will present the actual level of discussion on building up a new curriculum at the Department of Information and Communication (IK) at the FH Hannover. Based on the mission statement of the department »Education of information professionals is a part of the dynamic evolution of knowledge society« the direction of change and the main goals will be presented. The different reorganisation models will be explained with its objectives, opportunities and forms of implementation. Some examples will show the ideas and tools for a first draft of a reconstruction plan to become fit for the future. This talk has been held at the German-Dutch University Conference »Information Specialists for the 21st Century« at the Fachhochschule Hannover - University of Applied Sciences, Department of Information and Communication, October 14 -15, 1999 in Hannover, Germany.
The miniaturized Mössbauer-spectrometer (MIMOS II), originally devised by Göstar Klingelhöfer, is further developed by the Renz group at the Leibniz University Hanover in cooperation with the Hanover University of Applied Sciences and Arts. A new processing unit with a two-dimensional (2D) data acquisition was developed by M. Jahns. The advantage of this data acquisition is that no thresholds need to be set before the measurement. The energy of each photon is determined and stored with the velocity of the drive. After the measurement, the relevant area can be selected for the Mössbauer spectrum. Now we have expanded the evaluation unit with a power supply for a MIMOS drive and a MIMOS PIN detector. So we have a very compact MIMOS transmissions measurement setup. With this setup it is possible to process the signals of two detectors serially. Currently we are working on a parallel signal processing.
Data and Information Science: Book of Abstracts at BOBCATSSS 2022 Hybrid Conference, 23rd - 25th of May 2022, Debrecen.
This year marks the 30th anniversary of the BOBCATSSS. The BOBCATSSS is an international, annual symposium designed for librarians and information professionals in a rapidly changing environment. Over the past 30 years, the conference has included exciting topics, great venues, interested guests and engaging presenters.
This year we would like to introduce the topics of the many papers presented in the Book of Abstracts for the first time in presence at the University of Debrecen and hybrid. The Book of Abstracts provides an overview of all presentations given at BOBCATSSS. Presentations are listed in alphabetical order by title and include speeches, Pecha Kuchas, posters and workshops.
The theme of BOBCATSSS is Data and Information Science. Data and information are the basis for decisions and processes in business, politics and science. Particularly important in the current era of digital transformation. This is exactly where this year's subthemes come in. They deal with data science, openness as well as institutional roles.
The transfer of historically grown monolithic software architectures into modern service-oriented architectures creates a lot of loose coupling points. This can lead to an unforeseen system behavior and can significantly impede those continuous modernization processes, since it is not clear where bottlenecks in a system arise. It is therefore necessary to monitor such modernization processes with an adaptive monitoring concept in order to be able to correctly record and interpret unpredictable system dynamics. For this purpose, a general measurement methodology and a specific implementation concept are presented in this work.
A Look at Service Meshes
(2021)
Service meshes can be seen as an infrastructure layer for microservice-based applications that are specifically suited for distributed application architectures. It is the goal to introduce the concept of service meshes and its use for microservices with the example of an open source service mesh called Istio. This paper gives an introduction into the service mesh concept and its relation to microservices. It also gives an overview of selected features provided by Istio as relevant to the above concept and provides a small sample setup that demonstrates the core features.
The Gravitational Search Algorithm is a swarm-based optimization metaheuristic that has been successfully applied to many problems. However, to date little analytical work has been done on this topic.
This paper performs a mathematical analysis of the formulae underlying the Gravitational Search Algorithm. From this analysis, it derives key properties of the algorithm's expected behavior and recommendations for parameter selection. It then confirms through empirical examination that these recommendations are sound.
Lemmatization is a central task in many NLP applications. Despite this importance, the number of (freely) available and easy to use tools for German is very limited. To fill this gap, we developed a simple lemmatizer that can be trained on any lemmatized corpus. For a full form word the tagger tries to find the sequence of morphemes that is most likely to generate that word. From this sequence of tags we can easily derive the stem, the lemma and the part of speech (PoS) of the word. We show (i) that the quality of this approach is comparable to state of the art methods and (ii) that we can improve the results of Part-of-Speech (PoS) tagging when we include the morphological analysis of each word.
A new type of rotary compressor, called “rotary-chamber compressor”, consists of two interlocking rotors with 4 wings each, that perform non-uniform rotary movements. Both rotors have the same direction of rotation, while one rotor is accelerating, the other rotor is retarding. After surpassing a specific mark, the sequence changes and the leading rotor begins to retard and vice versa. Due to the resulting relative phase difference, the volume between the two wings is changing periodically, which allows pulsating working chambers. The technology was first introduced by its founder Jürgen Schukey in 1987. Since then, no further development on this machine is known to us except our own. In this contribution, a study on the kinematics of the rotary-chamber-compressor is presented. Initial studies have shown that changes in the kinematics of the rotors will have a direct influence on the thermodynamical variables, which, if optimized, can lead to an increased performance of the machine. Therefore, a mathematical model has been developed to obtain the performance parameters from different kinematic concepts by using numerical CFD analysis. Furthermore, additional optimization possibilities will be listed and discussed.
Intrusion detection systems and other network security components detect security-relevant events based on policies consisting of rules. If an event turns out as a false alarm, the corresponding policy has to be adjusted in order to reduce the number of false positives. Modified policies, however, need to be tested before going into productive use. We present a visual analysis tool for the evaluation of security events and related policies which integrates data from different sources using the IF-MAP specification and provides a “what-if” simulation for testing modified policies on past network dynamics. In this paper, we will describe the design and outcome of a user study that will help us to evaluate our visual analysis tool.
This Innovative Practice Full Paper presents our learnings of the process to perform a Master of Science class with eduScrum integrating real world problems as projects. We prepared, performed, and evaluated an agile educational concept for the new Master of Science program Digital Transformation organized and provided by the department of business computing at the University of Applied Sciences and Arts - Hochschule Hannover in Germany. The course deals with innovative methodologies of agile project management and is attended by 25 students. We performed the class due the summer term in 2019 and 2020 as a teaching pair. The eduScrum method has been used in different educational contexts, including higher education. During the approach preparation, we decided to use challenges, problems, or questions from the industry. Thus, we acquired four companies and prepared in coordination with them dedicated project descriptions. Each project description was refined in the form of a backlog (list of requirements). We divided the class into four eduScrum teams, one team for each project. The subdivision of the class was done randomly.
Since we wanted to integrate realistic projects into industry partners’ implementation, we decided to adapt the eduScrum approach. The eduScrum teams were challenged with different projects, e.g., analyzing a dedicated phenomenon in a real project or creating a theoretical model for a company’s new project management approach. We present our experiences of the whole process to prepare, perform and evaluate an agile educational approach combined with projects from practice. We found, that the students value the agile method using real world problems. However, the results are mainly based on the summer term 2019, this paper also includes our learnings from virtual distance teaching during the Covid 19 pandemic in summer term 2020. The paper contributes to the distribution of methods for higher education teaching in the classroom and distance learning.
Die Covid-19 Pandemie hat zu einem signifikanten Anstieg der Remote Work geführt. Die Veränderung in der Interaktion und Kollaboration ist für viele agile Teams eine Herausforderung gewesen. Diverse Studien zeigen unterschiedliche Effekte und Auswirkungen auf die Zusammenarbeit agiler Teams während der Pandemie. So ist die Kommunikation sachlicher und zielgerichteter geworden. Ebenso wird eine Verminderung des sozialen Austauschs in den Teams berichtet. Unser Artikel thematisiert die Veränderung der Interaktion in agilen Teams durch die Remote Work. Wir haben eine qualitative Fallstudie bei einem agilen Software-Entwicklungsteam bei Otto durchgeführt. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen einen Zusammenhang zwischen den Auswirkungen auf die Interaktion und der persönlichen Autonomie der Team-Mitglieder. Darüber hinaus haben wir keine signifikanten negativen Effekte durch die veränderte Interaktion auf die agile Arbeitsweise festgestellt.
Smart Cities require reliable means for managing installations that offer essential services to the citizens. In this paper we focus on the problem of evacuation of smart buildings in case of emergencies. In particular, we present an abstract architecture for situation-aware evacuation guidance systems in smart buildings, describe its key modules in detail, and provide some concrete examples of its structure and dynamics.
During the Corona-Pandemic, information (e.g. from the analysis of balance sheets and payment behavior) traditionally used for corporate credit risk analysis became less valuable because it represents only past circumstances. Therefore, the use of currently published data from social media platforms, which have shown to contain valuable information regarding the financial stability of companies, should be evaluated. In this data e. g. additional information from disappointed employees or customers can be present. In order to analyze in how far this data can improve the information base for corporate credit risk assessment, Twitter data regarding the ten greatest insolvencies of German companies in 2020 and solvent counterparts is analyzed in this paper. The results from t-tests show, that sentiment before the insolvencies is significantly worse than in the comparison group which is in alignment with previously conducted research endeavors. Furthermore, companies can be classified as prospectively solvent or insolvent with up to 70% accuracy by applying the k-nearest-neighbor algorithm to monthly aggregated sentiment scores. No significant differences in the number of Tweets for both groups can be proven, which is in contrast to findings from studies which were conducted before the Corona-Pandemic. The results can be utilized by practitioners and scientists in order to improve decision support systems in the domain of corporate credit risk analysis. From a scientific point of view, the results show, that the information asymmetry between lenders and borrowers in credit relationships, which are principals and agents according to the principal-agent-theory, can be reduced based on user generated content from social media platforms. In future studies, it should be evaluated in how far the data can be integrated in established processes for credit decision making. Furthermore, additional social media platforms as well as samples of companies should be analyzed. Lastly, the authenticity of user generated contend should be taken into account in order to ensure, that credit decisions rely on truthful information only.
We present a feedback-corrected optimal scheduling approach to reduce the demand of electrical energy of batch processes, exemplified at the sand preparation in foundry. The main energy driver in the exemplary foundry is the idle time of the batch-wise working sand mixers. In this novel approach, we use linear integer programming to minimize the demand of energy of the sand mixers by scheduling the batches in real-time. For the optimization we use a physical model of the sand preparation, which takes dwell-times of the processes as dead-time systems into account. In this paper, we present the steps to make the optimal scheduling approach applicable for the production process. The application at the real production plant proves the performance of the suggested approach. Compared to the conventional control, the feedback-corrected optimal scheduling approach leads to an reduction in energy consumption of approximately 6.5 % without modifying the process or the aggregates.
The usage of microservices promises a lot of benefits concerning scalability and maintainability, rewriting large monoliths is however not always possible. Especially in scientific projects, pure microservice architectures are therefore not feasible in every project. We propose the utilization of microservice principles for the construction of microsimulations for urban transport. We present a prototypical architecture for the connection of MATSim and AnyLogic, two widely used simulation tools in the context of urban transport simulation. The proposed system combines the two tools into a singular tool supporting civil engineers in decision making on innovative urban transport concepts.
The automated transfer of flight logbook information from aircrafts into aircraft maintenance systems leads to reduced ground and maintenance time and is thus desirable from an economical point of view. Until recently, flight logbooks have not been managed electronically in aircrafts or at least the data transfer from aircraft to ground maintenance system has been executed manually. Latest aircraft types such as the Airbus A380 or the Boeing 787 do support an electronic logbook and thus make an automated transfer possible. A generic flight logbook transfer system must deal with different data formats on the input side – due to different aircraft makes and models – as well as different, distributed aircraft maintenance systems for different airlines as aircraft operators. This article contributes the concept and top level distributed system architecture of such a generic system for automated flight log data transfer. It has been developed within a joint industry and applied research project. The architecture has already been successfully evaluated in a prototypical implementation.
Automatic classification of scientific records using the German Subject Heading Authority File (SWD)
(2012)
The following paper deals with an automatic text classification method which does not require training documents. For this method the German Subject Heading Authority File (SWD), provided by the linked data service of the German National Library is used. Recently the SWD was enriched with notations of the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC). In consequence it became possible to utilize the subject headings as textual representations for the notations of the DDC. Basically, we we derive the classification of a text from the classification of the words in the text given by the thesaurus. The method was tested by classifying 3826 OAI-Records from 7 different repositories. Mean reciprocal rank and recall were chosen as evaluation measure. Direct comparison to a machine learning method has shown that this method is definitely competitive. Thus we can conclude that the enriched version of the SWD provides high quality information with a broad coverage for classification of German scientific articles.
Automatisierte Steuerung von virtuellen Biogas-Kraftwerksverbünden für den netzorientierten Betrieb
(2019)
Das Steuerungssystem VKV Netz ermöglicht den auf die Erbringung regionaler Systemdienstleistungen ausgerichteten Betrieb virtueller Biogas-Kraftwerksverbünde. Damit leistet es sowohl einen Beitrag zum zukünftig gesteigerten Bedarf an Regelenergie durch regenerative Kraftwerke als es auch alternative, zukunftsfähige Erlöspotenziale für die zumeist landwirtschaftlichen bzw. landwirtschaftsnahen Biogas-Anlagenbetreiber abseits des EEG aufzeigt. Das Steuerungssystem wurde im Rahmen des BMWi-Verbundforschungsvorhabens VKV Netz (Förderkennzeichen 0325943A) durch die Hochschule Hannover, die SLT-Technologies GmbH & Co. KG sowie die Überlandwerk Leinetal GmbH in Kooperation mit assoziierten Biogasanlagen im Zeitraum 01.01.2016 bis 31.12.2018 entwickelt und pilotiert.
Dieser Beitrag adressiert einleitend die aktuelle Bedrohungslage aus Sicht der Industrie mit einem Fokus auf das Feld und die Feldgeräte. Zentral wird dann die Frage behandelt, welchen Beitrag Feldgeräte im Kontext von hoch vernetzten Produktionsanlagen für die künftige IT-Sicherheit leisten können und müssen. Unter anderem werden auf Basis der bestehenden Standards wie IEC 62443-4-1, IEC 62443-4-2 oder der VDI 2182-1 und VDI 2182-4 ausgewählte Methoden und Maßnahmen am Beispiel eines Durchflussmessgerätes vorgestellt, die zur künftigen Absicherung von Feldgeräten notwendig sind.
Das ProFormA-Aufgabenformat wurde eingeführt, um den Austausch von Programmieraufgaben zwischen beliebigen Autobewertern (Grader) zu ermöglichen. Ein Autobewerter führt im ProFormA-Aufgabenformat spezifizierte „Tests“ sequentiell aus, um ein vom Studierenden eingereichtes Programm zu prüfen. Für die Strukturierung und Darstellung der Testergebnisse existiert derzeit kein graderübergreifender Standard. Wir schlagen eine Erweiterung des ProFormA-Aufgabenformats um eine Hierarchie von Bewertungsaspekten vor, die nach didaktischen Aspekten gruppiert ist und entsprechende Testausführungen referenziert. Die Erweiterung wurde in Graja umgesetzt, einem Autobewerter für Java-Programme. Je nach gewünschter Detaillierung der Bewertungsaspekte sind Testausführungen in Teilausführungen aufzubrechen. Wir illustrieren unseren Vorschlag mit den Testwerkzeugen Compiler, dynamischer Softwaretest, statische Analyse sowie unter Einsatz menschlicher Bewerter.
BYOD Bring Your Own Device
(2013)
Using modern devices like smartphones and tablets offers a wide variety of advantages; this has made them very popular as consumer devices in private life. Using them in the workplace is also popular. However, who wants to carry around and handle two devices; one for personal use, and one for work-related tasks? That is why “dual use”, using one single device for private and business applications, may represent a proper solution. The result is “Bring Your Own Device,” or BYOD, which describes the circumstance in which users make their own personal devices available for company use. For companies, this brings some opportunities and risks. We describe and discuss organizational issues, technical approaches, and solutions.
Regional Innovation Systems describe the relations between actors, structures and infrastructures in a region in order to stimulate innovation and regional development. For these systems the collection and organization of information is crucial. In the present paper we investigate the possibilities to extract information from websites of companies. First we describe regional innovation systems and the information types that are necessary to create them. Then we discuss the possibilities of text mining and keyword extraction techniques to extract this information from company websites. Finally, we describe a small scale experiment in which keywords related to economic sectors and commodities are extracted from the websites of over 200 companies. This experiment shows what the main challenges are for information extraction from websites for regional innovation systems.
The amount of papers published yearly increases since decades. Libraries need to make these resources accessible and available with classification being an important aspect and part of this process. This paper analyzes prerequisites and possibilities of automatic classification of medical literature. We explain the selection, preprocessing and analysis of data consisting of catalogue datasets from the library of the Hanover Medical School, Lower Saxony, Germany. In the present study, 19,348 documents, represented by notations of library classification systems such as e.g. the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC), were classified into 514 different classes from the National Library of Medicine (NLM) classification system. The algorithm used was k-nearest-neighbours (kNN). A correct classification rate of 55.7% could be achieved. To the best of our knowledge, this is not only the first research conducted towards the use of the NLM classification in automatic classification but also the first approach that exclusively considers already assigned notations from other
classification systems for this purpose.
Cloud Computing: Serverless
(2021)
A serverless architecture is a new approach to offering services over the Internet. It combines BaaS (Backend-as-a-service) and FaaS (Function-as-a-service). With the serverless architecture no own or rented infrastructures are needed anymore. In addition, the company does not have to worry about scaling any longer, as this happens automatically and immediately. Furthermore, there is no need any longer for maintenance work on the servers, as this is completely taken over by the provider. Administrators are also no longer needed for the same reason. Finally, many ready-made functions are offered, with which the development effort can be reduced. As a result, the serverless architecture is very well suited to many application scenarios, and it can save considerable costs (server costs, maintenance costs, personnel costs, electricity costs, etc.). The company only must subdivide the source code of the application and upload it to the provider’s server. The rest is done by the provider.
The CogALex-V Shared Task provides two datasets that consists of pairs of words along with a classification of their semantic relation. The dataset for the first task distinguishes only between related and unrelated, while the second data set distinguishes several types of semantic relations. A number of recent papers propose to construct a feature vector that represents a pair of words by applying a pairwise simple operation to all elements of the feature vector. Subsequently, the pairs can be classified by training any classification algorithm on these vectors. In the present paper we apply this method to the provided datasets. We see that the results are not better than from the given simple baseline. We conclude that the results of the investigated method are strongly depended on the type of data to which it is applied.
A new FOSS (free and open source software) toolchain and associated workflow is being developed in the context of NFDI4Culture, a German consortium of research- and cultural heritage institutions working towards a shared infrastructure for research data that meets the needs of 21st century data creators, maintainers and end users across the broad spectrum of the digital libraries and archives field, and the digital humanities. This short paper and demo present how the integrated toolchain connects: 1) OpenRefine - for data reconciliation and batch upload; 2) Wikibase - for linked open data (LOD) storage; and 3) Kompakkt - for rendering and annotating 3D models. The presentation is aimed at librarians, digital curators and data managers interested in learning how to manage research datasets containing 3D media, and how to make them available within an open data environment with 3D-rendering and collaborative annotation features.
With regard to climate change, increasing energy efficiency is still a significant issue in the industry. In order to acquire energy data at the field level, so-called energy profiles can be used. They are advantageous as they are integrated into existing industrial ethernet standards (e.g. PROFINET). Commonly used energy profiles such as PROFIenergy and sercos Energy have been established in industrial use. However, as the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) continues to develop, the question arises whether the established energy profiles are sufficient to fullfil the requirements of the upcoming IIoT communication technologies. To answer this question the paper compares and discusses the common energy profiles with the current and future challenges of energy data communication. Furthermore, this analysis examines the need for further research in this field.
In this paper we describe the selection of a modern build automation tool for an industry research partner of ours, namely an insurance company. Build automation has become increasingly important over the years. Today, build automation became one of the central concepts in topics such as cloud native development based on microservices and DevOps. Since more and more products for build automation have entered the market and existing tools have changed their functional scope, there is nowadays a large number of tools on the market that differ greatly in their functional scope. Based on requirements from our partner company, a build server analysis was conducted. This paper presents our analysis requirements, a detailed look at one of the examined tools and a summarizes our comparison of all three tools from our final comparison round.
With an increasing complexity and scale, sufficient evaluation of Information Systems (IS) becomes a challenging and difficult task. Simulation modeling has proven as suitable and efficient methodology for evaluating IS and IS artifacts, presupposed it meets certain quality demands. However, existing research on simulation modeling quality solely focuses on quality in terms of accuracy and credibility, disregarding the role of additional quality aspects. Therefore, this paper proposes two design artifacts in order to ensure a holistic quality view on simulation quality. First, associated literature is reviewed in order to extract relevant quality factors in the context of simulation modeling, which can be used to evaluate the overall quality of a simulated solution before, during or after a given project. Secondly, the deduced quality factors are integrated in a quality assessment framework to provide structural guidance on the quality assessment procedure for simulation. In line with a Design Science Research (DSR) approach, we demonstrate the eligibility of both design artifacts by means of prototyping as well as an example case. Moreover, the assessment framework is evaluated and iteratively adjusted with the help of expert feedback.
In industrial production facilities, technical Energy Management Systems are used to measure, monitor and display energy consumption related information. The measurements take place at the field device level of the automation pyramid. The measured values are recorded and processed at the control level. The functionalities to monitor and display energy data are located at the MES level of the automation pyramid. So the energy data from all PLCs has to be aggregated, structured and provided for higher level systems. This contribution introduces a concept for an Energy Data Aggregation Layer, which provides the functionality described above. For the implementation of this Energy Data Aggregation Layer, a combination of AutomationML and OPC UA is used.
In microservice architectures, data is often hold redundantly to create an overall resilient system. Although the synchronization of this data proposes a significant challenge, not much research has been done on this topic yet. This paper shows four general approaches for assuring consistency among services and demonstrates how to identify the best solution for a given architecture. For this, a microservice architecture, which implements the functionality of a mainframe-based legacy system from the insurance industry, serves as an example.
Since textual user generated content from social media platforms contains valuable information for decision support and especially corporate credit risk analysis, automated approaches for text classification such as the application of sentiment dictionaries and machine learning algorithms have received great attention in recent user generated content based research endeavors. While machine learning algorithms require individual training data sets for varying sources, sentiment dictionaries can be applied to texts immediately, whereby domain specific dictionaries attain better results than domain independent word lists. We evaluate by means of a literature review how sentiment dictionaries can be constructed for specific domains and languages. Then, we construct nine versions of German sentiment dictionaries relying on a process model which we developed based on the literature review. We apply the dictionaries to a manually classified German language data set from Twitter in which hints for financial (in)stability of companies have been proven. Based on their classification accuracy, we rank the dictionaries and verify their ranking by utilizing Mc Nemar’s test for significance. Our results indicate, that the significantly best dictionary is based on the German language dictionary SentiWortschatz and an extension approach by use of the lexical-semantic database GermaNet. It achieves a classification accuracy of 59,19 % in the underlying three-case-scenario, in which the Tweets are labelled as negative, neutral or positive. A random classification would attain an accuracy of 33,3 % in the same scenario and hence, automated coding by use of the sentiment dictionaries can lead to a reduction of manual efforts. Our process model can be adopted by other researchers when constructing sentiment dictionaries for various domains and languages. Furthermore, our established dictionaries can be used by practitioners especially in the domain of corporate credit risk analysis for automated text classification which has been conducted manually to a great extent up to today.
For the analysis of contract texts, validated model texts, such as model clauses, can be used to identify used contract clauses. This paper investigates how the similarity between titles of model clauses and headings extracted from contracts can be computed, and which similarity measure is most suitable for this. For the calculation of the similarities between title pairs we tested various variants of string similarity and token based similarity. We also compare two additional semantic similarity measures based on word embeddings using pre-trained embeddings and word embeddings trained on contract texts. The identification of the model clause title can be used as a starting point for the mapping of clauses found in contracts to verified clauses.
Building a well-founded understanding of the concepts, tasks and limitations of IT in all areas of society is an essential prerequisite for future developments in business and research. This applies in particular to the healthcare sector and medical research, which are affected by the noticeable advances in digitization. In the transfer project “Zukunftslabor Gesundheit” (ZLG), a teaching framework was developed to support the development of further education online courses in order to teach heterogeneous groups of learners independent of location and prior knowledge. The study at hand describes the development and components of the framework.
Das Referat klärt zuerst, was man unter "Didaktik der Pflege" versteht und inwieweit allgemeindidaktische Zielsetzungen eine Bedeutung für die Pflegeausbildung haben. Dann werden wichtige didaktische Kriterien für die Auswahl von Inhalten der Pflegeausbildung erörtert und gleichzeitig werden Fragestellungen für eine zukünftige Pflegedidaktik formuliert.
Bei der Konzeption und Entwicklung der BID-Studiengänge ist neben den inhaltlichen und studienorganisatorischen Überlegungen die Ableitung und Entwicklung realistischer Planungsdaten eine der Hauptaufgaben des Modellversuchs BID und eine wesentliche Voraussetzung für ihre erfolgreiche Umsetzung in die Praxis gewesen. Auf diese Planungsergebnisse und die Umsetzung wird in diesem Beitrag vor allem einzugehen sein.
Digitale Marktplätze können die Kosten einer Handelstransaktion, die sog. Transaktionskosten, senken. Durch weiteren technischen Fortschritt und intelligente Handelsbots wird die Nutzung des Marktmechanismus immer kostengünstiger. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die bisherige Entwicklung von Digitalen Marktplätzen der Agrar- und Ernährungswirtschaft und eine mögliche Zukunft. Vermutlich werden die Transaktionskosten weiter fallen, sodass weitere Effizienzgewinne durch die vermehrte Nutzung von Märkten möglich sein werden.
Discovery and efficient reuse of technology pictures using Wikimedia infrastructures. A proposal
(2016)
Multimedia objects, especially images and figures, are essential for the visualization and interpretation of research findings. The distribution and reuse of these scientific objects is significantly improved under open access conditions, for instance in Wikipedia articles, in research literature, as well as in education and knowledge dissemination, where licensing of images often represents a serious barrier.
Whereas scientific publications are retrievable through library portals or other online search services due to standardized indices there is no targeted retrieval and access to the accompanying images and figures yet. Consequently there is a great demand to develop standardized indexing methods for these multimedia open access objects in order to improve the accessibility to this material.
With our proposal, we hope to serve a broad audience which looks up a scientific or technical term in a web search portal first. Until now, this audience has little chance to find an openly accessible and reusable image narrowly matching their search term on first try - frustratingly so, even if there is in fact such an image included in some open access article.
Editorial for the 15th European Networked Knowledge Organization Systems Workshop (NKOS 2016)
(2016)
Knowledge Organization Systems (KOS), in the form of classification systems, thesauri, lexical databases, ontologies, and taxonomies, play a crucial role in digital information management and applications generally. Carrying semantics in a well-controlled and documented way, Knowledge Organisation Systems serve a variety of important functions: tools for representation and indexing of information and documents, knowledge-based support to information searchers, semantic road maps to domains and disciplines, communication tool by providing conceptual framework, and conceptual basis for knowledge based systems, e.g. automated classification systems. New networked KOS (NKOS) services and applications are emerging, and we have reached a stage where many KOS standards exist and the integration of linked services is no longer just a future scenario. This editorial describes the workshop outline and overview of presented papers at the 15th European Networked Knowledge Organization Systems Workshop (NKOS 2016) in Hannover, Germany.
Editorial for the 17th European Networked Knowledge Organization Systems Workshop (NKOS 2017)
(2017)
Knowledge Organization Systems (KOS), in the form of classification systems, thesauri, lexical databases, ontologies, and taxonomies, play a crucial role in digital information management and applications generally. Carrying semantics in a well-controlled and documented way, Knowledge Organization Systems serve a variety of important functions: tools for representation and indexing of information and documents, knowledge-based support to information searchers, semantic road maps to domains and disciplines, communication tool by providing conceptual framework, and conceptual basis for knowledge based systems, e.g. automated classification systems. New networked KOS (NKOS) services and applications are emerging, and we have reached a stage where many KOS standards exist and the integration of linked services is no longer just a future scenario. This editorial describes the workshop outline and overview of presented papers at the 17th European Networked Knowledge Organization Systems Workshop (NKOS 2017) which was held during the TPDL 2017 Conference in Thessaloniki, Greece.
Vorgestellt wird ein Ansatz zur objektorientierten Modellierung, Simulation und Animation von Informationssystemen. Es wird ein Vorgehensmodell dargestellt, mit dem unter Verwendung des beschriebenen Ansatzes Anforderungs- oder Systemspezifikationen von Rechnergestützten Informationssystemen erstellt werden können. Der Ansatz basiert auf einem Metamodell zur Beschreibung Rechnergestützter Informationssysteme und verfügt über eine rechnergestützte Modellierungsumgebung. Anhand eines Projektes zur Entwicklung einer Anforderungsspezifikation für ein rechnergestütztes Pflegedokumentations- und -kommunikationssystems wird der Einsatz der Methode beispielhaft illustriert.
Automatisiert bewertbare Programmieraufgaben definieren Tests, die auf Einreichungen angewendet werden. Da Testergebnisse nicht mit Bewertungsergebnissen gleichzusetzen sind, schlagen wir ein Beschreibungsformat vor, das Testergebnisse auf Bewertungsergebnisse abbildet. Lehrkräfte können die Abbildungsvorschrift an ihren Lehrkontext anpassen. Der Vorschlag ist unabhängig von den beteiligten Autobewertern, von den eingesetzten Benutzungsschnittstellen und von der zu lernenden Programmiersprache einsetzbar. Das Format basiert auf verschachtelten Bewertungskategorien, welche um ein Nullifikationen-Konzept ergänzt werden.
Dieser Beitrag ist im Rahmen des Forschungsschwerpunktes Herbar Digital an der Fachhochschule Hannover entstanden. Es wird ein neuartiges Geschäftsprozessmodell für die Generierung und Digitalisierung von Herbarbelegen vorgestellt, in das mittels eines Prozessmusters eine Fertigungssteuerungskomponente eingebettet ist. Dieser Ansatz ist ein Beitrag zur Entwicklung eines präzisen Prozesscontrollings, das Herbarien ermöglichen soll, die massenhafte Digitalisierung von Herbarbelegen effizient durchzuführen.
Ein Schnittstellen-Datenmodell der Variabilität in automatisch bewerteten Programmieraufgaben
(2018)
Automatisch bewertete, variable Programmieraufgaben stellen besondere Schnittstellenanforderungen an Autobewerter (Grader) und Lernmanagementsysteme (LMS). Um Wiederverwendung von Aufgaben über Systemgrenzen hinweg zu begünstigen, schlagen wir vor, Aufgabenschablonen durch eine von allen beteiligten Systemen genutzte Middleware zu instanziieren und dabei Variabilitätsinformationen in einem Schnittstellen-Datenmodell zu transportieren. Wir stellen ein solches Datenmodell vor, welches für die Grader-unabhängige Kommunikation mit LMS ausgelegt ist und beispielhaft im Autobewerter Graja implementiert wurde. Zudem wird eine Dialogkomponente für die manuelle Werteauswahl vorgestellt, die auch bei großen Wertemengen effizient und Grader-unabhängig einsetzbar ist. Die Eignung des Dialogs und des Datenmodells wird anhand eines typischen Bewertungsszenarios diskutiert.
Der zunehmende Anteil erneuerbarer Energien an der Stromproduktion Deutschlands erfordert einen ebenso steigenden Anteil der erneuerbaren Energien an der Bereitstellung von Regelenergie zur Stabilisierung der Stromnetze. Durch die Möglichkeit der zeitlichen Entkopplung von Gas- und Stromproduktion ist insbesondere die Biogastechnologie für die Bereitstellung von Regelenergie geeignet. Der vorliegende Beitrag skizziert ein Steuerungssystem für virtuelle Biogas-Verbundkraftwerke, dessen Oberziel die Stabilisierung des Stromnetzes ist. Die Entwicklung des Systems erfolgt im Zuge des Forschungsprojekts VKV Netz und wird durch das Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie gefördert.
Der zukünftig steigende Bedarf an Bereitstellung von Regelenergie aus regenerativen Kraftwerken sowie sinkende EEG-Tarifstrukturen im Bereich Biogas führen zur Notwendigkeit einer Entwicklung alternativer Betriebs- und Vergütungsmodelle. Der vorliegende Beitrag skizziert ein wirtschaftliches Ausgleichssystem für virtuelle Biogas-Verbundkraftwerke. Es beschreibt, welche Kosten und Erlöse in virtuellen Biogas-Verbünden generiert werden, sofern diese teilautomatisiert und auf die regionale Netzstabilität fokussiert betrieben werden. Das wirtschaftliche Ausgleichssystem ist ein Teil des im Forschungsvorhaben VKV Netz zu entwickelnden Steuerungssystems für virtuelle Biogas-Verbundkraftwerke (http://vkvnetz.de).
Einfluss von Industrie 4.0 auf die Anwendbarkeit von Lastmanagement in der industriellen Produktion
(2018)
Technische Energiemanagementsysteme (kurz und im Folgenden tEnMS) in der produzierenden Industrie dienen heute meinst dem Messen, Speichern und Auswerten von Energieverbrauchsdaten. Allerdings besteht auch die Möglichkeit der Vorhersage und aktiven Einflussnahme auf die Energieaufnahme von Produktionsumgebungen durch das tEnMS. Derartige Funktionen werden als Prognose- und Lastmanagementfunktionen bezeichnet. Industrielle Produktionsumgebungen erfahren im Rahmen von Industrie 4.0 einen Wandel. Dieser Beitrag soll aufzeigen, wie tEnMS durch den beschriebenen Wandel beeinflusst werden und welche Chancen sich daraus für zukünftige tEnMS ergeben.
Das Forschungsprojekt „Herbar Digital” [JKS00] startete 2007 mit dem Ziel der Digitalisierung des Bestands von mehr als 3,5 Millionen getrockneter Pflanzen bzw. Pflanzenteile auf Papierbögen (Herbarbelege) des Botanischen Museums Berlin. Da gelegentlich der Sammler der Pflanze unbekannt ist, wurde in der vorliegenden Arbeit ein Verfahren entwickelt, um aus kursiv geschriebenen Buchstaben deren Schreiber zu bestimmen. Dazu muss der statische Buchstabe in eine dynamische Form gebracht werden. Dies geschieht mit dem Modell einer trägen Kugel, die durch den Schriftzug rollt. Bei dieser Offline-Schreibererkennung werden verschiedene Verfahren wie die Nachbildung der Schreiblinie einzelner Buchstaben durch z.B. Legendre-Polynome verwendet. Bei Verwendung nur eines Buchstabens der Schreiber wird eine Erkennungsrate von durchschnittlich 40% erreicht. Durch Kombination von mehreren Buchstaben steigt die Erkennungsrate stark an und beträgt bei 13 Buchstaben und 93 Schreibern einer internationalen Datenbank 98,6%.