TY - JOUR A1 - Conti, Alfredo A1 - Acker, Gueliz A1 - Pontoriero, Antonio A1 - Hardt, Juliane A1 - Kluge, Anne A1 - Cacciola, Alberto A1 - Iatì, Giuseppe A1 - Kufeld, Markus A1 - Budach, Volker A1 - Vajkoczy, Peter A1 - Beltramo, Giancarlo A1 - Pergolizzi, Stefano A1 - Bergantin, Achille A1 - Loebel, Franziska A1 - Parisi, Silvana A1 - Senger, Carolin A1 - Romanelli, Pantaleo T1 - Factors affecting outcome in frameless non-isocentric stereotactic radiosurgery for trigeminal neuralgia: a multicentric cohort study JF - Radiation Oncology N2 - Background: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is an effective treatment for trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Nevertheless, a proportion of patients will experience recurrence and treatment-related sensory disturbances. In order to evaluate the predictors of efficacy and safety of image-guided non-isocentric radiosurgery, we analyzed the impact of trigeminal nerve volume and the nerve dose/volume relationship, together with relevant clinical characteristics. Methods: Two-hundred and ninety-six procedures were performed on 262 patients at three centers. In 17 patients the TN was secondary to multiple sclerosis (MS). Trigeminal pain and sensory disturbances were classified according to the Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) scale. Pain-free-intervals were investigated using Kaplan Meier analyses. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify predictors. Results: The median follow-up period was 38 months, median maximal dose 72.4 Gy, median target nerve volume 25mm3, and median prescription dose 60 Gy. Pain control rate (BNI I-III) at 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months were 96.8, 90.9, 84.2, 81.4, 74.2, and 71.2%, respectively. Overall, 18% of patients developed sensory disturbances. Patients with volume ≥ 30mm3 were more likely to maintain pain relief (p = 0.031), and low integral dose (< 1.4 mJ) tended to be associated with more pain recurrence than intermediate (1.4–2.7 mJ) or high integral dose (> 2.7 mJ; low vs. intermediate: log-rank test, χ2 = 5.02, p = 0.019; low vs. high: log-rank test, χ2 = 6.026, p = 0.014). MS, integral dose, and mean dose were the factors associated with pain recurrence, while re-irradiation and MS were predictors for sensory disturbance in the multivariate analysis. Conclusions: The dose to nerve volume ratio is predictive of pain recurrence in TN, and re-irradiation has a major impact on the development of sensory disturbances after non-isocentric SRS. Interestingly, the integral dose may differ significantly in treatments using apparently similar dose and volume constraints. KW - CyberKnife KW - Neuropathic pain KW - Stereotactic radiosurgery KW - Trigeminal neuralgia KW - Cyber-Knife KW - Radiochirurgie KW - Trigeminus KW - Neuralgie Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-17047 SN - 1748-717X VL - 15 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nitz, Julia A1 - Krömker, Volker A1 - Klocke, Doris A1 - Wente, Nicole A1 - Zhang, Yanchao A1 - tho Seeth, Martin T1 - Intramammary Infections in Heifers—Time of Onset and Associated Risk Factors JF - Animals N2 - To reduce the negative effects of mastitis in dairy heifers in early lactation on the future milking performance, the aim of this study was to define the time-related period of intramammary infections and to relate this to risk factors at heifer and quarter level for intramammary infections and subclinical mastitis. In total, 279 German Holstein Frisian heifers in three farms in Northern and Eastern Germany were included in this study. Quarter milk samples for cytomicrobiological examination were collected 3 +- 1 days after calving and 17 +- 3 days after calving, and risk factors at heifer and quarter level associated with intramammary infections and clinical mastitis were recorded during the trial period. Data were analyzed using logistic regression procedures and odds ratios were calculated. Calving at older ages increased the odds of intramammary infections with non-aureus staphylococci (NAS) and coryneforms 17 +- 3 days after calving compared to heifers calving at a younger age. Detaching of milking cups during milking is a risk factor for new infections between day 3 +- 1 and 17 +- 3 postpartum. The milk yield after calving is associated with a decrease in intramammary infections with environmental pathogens and clinical mastitis. A high milk yield assists the development of udder edema with an increased risk of intramammary infections with NAS and coryneforms. An increased somatic cell count (SCC) after calving increased the odds of intramammary infections with contagious pathogens 17 +- 3 days postpartum. The early lactation has an important influence on udder health and intramammary infections postpartum in dairy heifers. Udder quarters eliminated pathogens during early lactation by 6.9% for cases in this study. New infections manifest themselves up until 17 +- 3 days postpartum, especially with Corynebacterium spp. and NAS. In total, 82.9% of the infected quarters showed new infections with another pathogen species 17 +- 3 days postpartum than 3 +- 1 days postpartum. In conclusion, the early lactation has an important influence on udder health and intramammary infections postpartum in heifers with the possibility that udder quarters eliminate pathogens, but also the danger that new infections manifest themselves. Thus, the prevention of new infections by minimizing the associated risk factors is of great importance. KW - heifer KW - mastitis KW - risk factor KW - early lactation KW - Färse KW - Brustdrüsenentzündung KW - Risikofaktor KW - Frühlaktation Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-17031 SN - 2076-2615 VL - 10 ER - TY - THES A1 - Otten, Jens Christian T1 - Simulation der Wirkung des Kabelschirms von PROFINET-Leitungen unter Berücksichtigung der Art der Schirmauflage N2 - Das Ziel dieser Bachelorarbeit ist es, ein einfach verständliches Simulationsmodell zur Darstellung der Wirkung von Kabelschirmen bei Betrachtung verschiedener Schirmauflageverfahren zu entwickeln. Die erarbeiteten Ergebnisse decken sich mit der allgemein vertretenen Meinung, dass die beste Schirmwirkung durch eine beidseitige und flächige Schirmauflage erzielt wird. Zuerst werden Grundlagen erklärt, wobei sich auf relevante Literatur bezogen wird. Daraus wird das Simulationsmodell hergeleitet, dessen Ergebnisse anhand von theoretischen Überlegungen und praktischen Messungen überprüft werden. Die vorliegende Arbeit ist interessant für Ingenieurinnen und Ingenieure der Automatisierungstechnik in der Prozess- und Fertigungsindustrie, die ein grundlegendes Verständnis für relevante Effekte der Kabelschirmung bilden wollen. N2 - It is the goal of this bachelor thesis to provide an easily understandable simulation model for wire shields with consideration to their grounding practice. The results indicate that it is best to ground the shield on both sides. The basics with regards to relevant literature are explained in the first part. From that knowledge the simulation model is developed. Its results are validated with theoretical methods and practical measurements. The scope of this thesis affects Engineers working in the automation industry, who want to build a basic understanding for relevant effects of cable shielding. KW - Leitungsschirm KW - Schirmwirkung KW - PROFInet KW - Elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit KW - Kabel KW - Abschirmung KW - Simulation Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-17054 ET - Überarbeitete Version zur Veröffentlichung ER - TY - THES A1 - Kühnlein, Marco T1 - Einsatzgebiet und Wirksamkeit von Firewalls in Automatisierungssystemen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von Next Generation Firewalls N2 - Zur Verbesserung der IT-Sicherheit im klassischen Büroumfeld wird bereits eine neue Firewall-Technologie, die sogenannte Next Generation Firewall verwendet. Um diese Technologie im Produktionsbereich einzusetzen, muss sie vorher getestet werden, da sich die Priorisierung der Schutzziele im Produktionsbereich und im Büroumfeld unterscheidet. In dieser Arbeit werden das Einsatzgebiet und die Wirkungsweise von Firewalls in industriellen Automatisierungssystemen im Allgemeinen und spezifisch für Next Generation Firewalls untersucht. Die Untersuchung geht auf die Aufgaben der einzelnen Firewalls in einem Produktionsunternehmen ein und prüft, welche Firewall durch eine Next Generation Firewall ergänzt werden kann. Dazu werden die konventionellen Firewall-Technologien mit der neuen Firewall-Technologie verglichen und bewertet. Der Nutzen der Next Generation Firewall in der Produktionsumgebung wird am Beispiel eines ausgewählten Angriffsszenarios erklärt. Abschließend werden Empfehlungen für dessen Einsatz in industriellen Automatisierungssystemen gegeben. N2 - The Next Generation Firewall is a new firewall technology which is already being used in the tradi-tional office environment to secure business systems. To use this technology in the production en-vironment it must be tested because there is a difference in the security objects between these two environments. This thesis examines the general use firewalls in industrial automation and control systems (IACS) and explores the use of the Next Generation Firewalls. The investigation deals with the tasks of individual firewalls in a production company and examines which firewall can profit from a Next Generation Firewall. For this purpose, the conventional firewall technologies are com-pared and evaluated with the new firewall technology. In addition, a cyberattack is executed on an IACS to demonstrate the benefits of the Next Generation Firewall in the production environment. Finally, this thesis gives recommendations for the use of Next Generations Firewalls in IACS. KW - Next Generation Firewall KW - IT-Sicherheit KW - Firewall KW - Computersicherheit KW - Automatisierungstechnik Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-17028 ET - Überarbeitete Fassung zur Veröffentlichung ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Shamsuyeva, Madina A1 - Winkelmann, Jana A1 - Endres, Hans-Josef T1 - Manufacture of Hybrid Natural/Synthetic Fiber Woven Textiles for Use in Technical Biocomposites with Maximum Biobased Content JF - Journal of Composites Science N2 - This feasibility study investigates the flexural properties of biocomposites containing woven flax textiles (plain, twill, satin) and woven twill patterned hybrid textiles containing flax-/glass or flax-/carbon mixture for lightweight applications. Synthetic fibers are integrated as weft and flax fibers are integrated as warp yarns using a double-rapier weaving machine with a Jacquard attachment. The corresponding biocomposites are manufactured via vacuum infusion process using a biobased epoxy resin as a matrix. The manufactured biocomposites are analyzed with regard to their density and flexural properties. The results show that the use of hybrid textiles offers a promising solution for the manufacture of biocomposites with a higher biobased content and significantly improved flexural properties. Furthermore, the introduction of high-performance synthetic fibers in textiles enables the manufacture of biocomposites with an isotropic mechanical performance. KW - weaving technique KW - natural fibers KW - biocomposites KW - hybrid textiles KW - hybrid biocomposites KW - Weben KW - Naturfaser KW - Bioverbundwerkstoff KW - Hybridwerkstoff Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-17011 VL - 3 IS - 2 ER - TY - THES A1 - Fischer, Lukas T1 - Konzeption und Anwendung eines WordPress-Plugins für den Vergleich von Veranstaltungen N2 - Plugins erweitern die Funktionalität von WordPress und helfen Webseitenbetreibern beim Hinzufügen neuer Elemente oder Funktionen. Dabei muss der Betreiber selbst keinen komplexen Programmcode schreiben. Auch können diese Erweiterungen als Erleichterung bei der Pflege von Informationen und Inhalten dienen. In der vorliegenden Bachelorarbeit wird die Konzipierung, Umsetzung und Anwendung eines solchen Plugins für den Vergleich von Veranstaltungen beschrieben. Dabei findet es Anwendung auf einer Internetseite zum Thema Festivals. Die Informationen bezüglich der Festivals werden per Import in einer Tabelle gespeichert und für den Vergleich dargestellt. Eintragungen können auch händisch getätigt werden, woraus sich schließlich ergibt, dass das Plugin mit seiner Importfunktion eine zeitsparende und sinnvolle Erweiterung ist. KW - Webentwicklung KW - WordPress KW - Plug in KW - Veranstaltung KW - Festival Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16994 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sidor, Anna A1 - Kunz, Elisabeth A1 - Schweyer, Daniel A1 - Eickhorst, Andreas A1 - Cierpka, Manfred T1 - Links between maternal postpartum depressive symptoms, maternal distress, infant gender and sensitivity in a high-risk population JF - Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health N2 - Background Maternal postpartum depression has an impact on mother-infant interaction. Mothers with depression display less positive affect and sensitivity in interaction with their infants compared to non-depressed mothers. Depressed women also show more signs of distress and difficulties adjusting to their role as mothers than non-depressed women. In addition, depressive mothers are reported to be affectively more negative with their sons than with daughters. Methods A non-clinical sample of 106 mother-infant dyads at psychosocial risk (poverty, alcohol or drug abuse, lack of social support, teenage mothers and maternal psychic disorder) was investigated with EPDS (maternal postpartum depressive symptoms), the CARE-Index (maternal sensitivity in a dyadic context) and PSI-SF (maternal distress). The baseline data were collected when the babies had reached 19 weeks of age. Results A hierarchical regression analysis yielded a highly significant relation between the PSI-SF subscale "parental distress" and the EPDS total score, accounting for 55% of the variance in the EPDS. The other variables did not significantly predict the severity of depressive symptoms. A two-way ANOVA with "infant gender" and "maternal postpartum depressive symptoms" showed no interaction effect on maternal sensitivity. Conclusions Depressive symptoms and maternal sensitivity were not linked. It is likely that we could not find any relation between both variables due to different measuring methods (self-reporting and observation). Maternal distress was strongly related to maternal depressive symptoms, probably due to the generally increased burden in the sample, and contributed to 55% of the variance of postpartum depressive symptoms. KW - Depressive Symptom Scale KW - Maternal Depression KW - Edinburgh Postnatal Depression KW - Postpartum Depression KW - Maternal Depressive Symptom KW - Wochenbettdepression KW - Mutter KW - Kind Y1 - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16929 SN - 1753-2000 VL - 5 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sidor, Anna A1 - Fischer, Cristina A1 - Eickhorst, Andreas A1 - Cierpka, Manfred T1 - Influence of early regulatory problems in infants on their development at 12 months: a longitudinal study in a high-risk sample JF - Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health N2 - Background: This study examined the extent to which regulatory problems in infants at 4 and 6 months influence childhood development at 12 months. The second aim of the study was to examine the influence maternal distress has on 4-month-old children’s subsequent development as well as gender differences with regard to regulatory problems and development. Methods: 153 mother-child dyads enrolled in the family support research project “Nobody slips through the net” constituted the comparison group. These families faced psychosocial risks (e.g. poverty, excessive demands on the mother, and mental health disorders of the mother, measured with the risk screening instrument Heidelberger Belastungsskala - HBS) and maternal stress, determined with the Parental Stress Index (PSI-SF). The children’s developmental levels and possible early regulatory problems were evaluated by means of the Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ) and a German questionnaire assessing problems of excessive crying along with sleeping and feeding difficulties (SFS). Results: A statistically significant but only low, inverse association between excessive crying, whining and sleep problems at 4 and 6 months and the social development of one-year-olds (accounting for 5% and 8% of the variance respectively) was found. Feeding problems had no effect on development. Although regulatory problems in infants were accompanied by increased maternal stress level, these did not serve as a predictor of the child’s social development at 12 months. One-year-old girls reached a higher level of development in social and fine motor skills. No gender differences were found with regard to regulatory problems, nor any moderating effect of gender on the relation between regulatory problems and level of development. Conclusions: Our results reinforce existing knowledge pertaining to the transactional association between regulatory problems in infants, maternal distress and dysfunctionality of mother-child interactions. They also provide evidence of a slight but distinct negative influence of crying and sleeping problems on children’s subsequent social development. Easily accessible support services provided by family health visitors (particularly to the so-called “at-risk families”) are strongly recommended to help prevent the broadening of children’s early regulatory problems into other areas of behavior. KW - Early regulatory problems KW - Early child development KW - Mother-child-interaction KW - Maternal distress KW - At risk KW - Frühkindliche Regulationsstörung KW - Kleinkind KW - Entwicklung KW - Mutter KW - Kind KW - Stress KW - Gefährdung Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16918 SN - 1753-2000 VL - 2013 IS - 7 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Stelljes, Sebastian A1 - Niemann, Karl-Heinz T1 - Hochverfügbare Automatisierungsnetzwerke am Beispiel von PROFINET BT - Topologiebetrachtungen und Verfügbarkeitskennzahlen N2 - Dieses Research Paper befasst sich mit dem Thema der Hochverfügbarkeit von Automatisierungsnetzwerken am Beispiel von PROFINET. Anhand von verschiedenen PROFINET-Topologien soll verdeutlicht werden, durch welche Maßnahmen eine hohe Verfügbarkeit erzielt werden kann. Zuvor wird mithilfe von grundliegenden Berechnungsbeispielen gezeigt, wie sich die Verfügbarkeit eines technischen Systems ermitteln lässt. Anschließend erfolgt für die Betrachtung der Gesamtverfügbarkeit einer PROFINET-Anlage eine genaue Bestimmung der jeweiligen Verfügbarkeitswerte für die einzelnen PROFINET-Geräte. Ein besonderes Augenmerk richtet sich hierbei speziell auf die Verwendung von IO Devices mit redundanten bzw. nicht-redundanten Interfacemodulen. Für das Erzielen einer hohen Verfügbarkeit sind nicht nur PROFINET-Geräte von entscheidender Bedeutung, sondern auch die Stuktur des PROFINET-Netzwerks. Im Zusammenspiel mit den bereits existierenden Redundanzprotokollen, die für die Verwaltung des Datenverkehrs zuständig sind, werden in diesem Bericht mehrere Topologien anhand verschiedener Eigenschaften und Voraussetzungen auf ihre Vor- und Nachteile untersucht und entsprechend ihrer Gesamtverfügbarkeitswerte bewertet. Dieses Research Paper basiert im Wesentlichen auf der Bachelorarbeit von Herrn Sebastian Stelljes an der Hochschule Hannover. Im Nachgang zur Arbeit wurden noch weitere Aspekte untersucht und mit den Inhalten der Bachelorarbeit zu diesem Research Paper zusammengeführt. KW - PROFInet KW - Hochverfügbarkeit KW - Redundanz Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16905 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Limaye, Dnyanesh A1 - Ziesenis, Patrick A1 - Limaye, Vaidehi A1 - Ahmad, Mansoor A1 - Saeed, Farah A1 - Alam, Mahboob A1 - Rizvi, Ramla A1 - Kapadi, Atul A1 - Sathe, Sushama A1 - Fortwengel, Gerhard T1 - Oral cancer awareness among university students from Karachi, Pakistan JF - International Journal of Advances in Medicine N2 - Background: Oral cancers (OC) are malignant lesions occurring in the oral cavity that include squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), salivary gland and odontogenic neoplasms. Even though it is the eighth most common malignancy globally but in Pakistan it is the second commonest type of cancer. Lack of awareness about ill-effects of preventable risk factors of oral cancer increases the burden of disease due to the associated high cost of treatment, permanent impairment and high mortality. Hence, awareness can be very helpful in prevention, control and early diagnosis of oral cancer. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among university students from Karachi, Pakistan during April to May 2018. Three hundred students were approached to participate in the study of which 277 agreed to participate. Pretested questionnaire was distributed and collected data was analysed using IBM SPSS version 23. Results: There were 125 (45%) males and 152 (55%) females in the study and response rate was 94%. Sixty one percent (154/250) respondents correctly identified smoking, and tobacco chewing as possible causes of oral cancer. Almost one third (74%; 184/250) respondents correctly responded that oral cancer does not spread from person to person through touch or speaking. Sixty six percent (164/250) respondents believed that oral cancer is curable. Mean score of knowledge was higher in females (61%) than males (53%). Significantly higher number of females compared to male participants answered correctly to questions regarding cause of oral cancer, spread of disease and occurrence of oral cancer in AIDS patients. Conclusions: Participants showed poor knowledge about oral cancer. Female participants showed better knowledge compared to male counterparts. Details about oral cancer should be incorporated in the university curriculum and periodic awareness programs should be organized for students. KW - Knowledge KW - Mundhöhlenkrebs KW - Rauchen KW - Student KW - Tabakkonsum KW - Wissen KW - Karachi KW - Oral cancer KW - Smoking KW - Tobacco KW - University students KW - Pakistan KW - Karatschi Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16786 SN - 2349-3933 VL - 6 IS - 1 SP - 40 EP - 45 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liel, Christoph A1 - Meinck, Franziska A1 - Steinert, Janina I. A1 - Kindler, Heinz A1 - Lang, Katrin A1 - Eickhorst, Andreas T1 - Is the Brief Child Abuse Potential Inventory (BCAPI) a valid measure of child abuse potential among mothers and fathers of young children in Germany? JF - Child Abuse & Neglect N2 - Background: In order to prevent child abuse, instruments measuring child abuse potential (CAP) need to be appropriate, reliable and valid. Objective: This study aimed to confirm the 6-factor structure of the Brief Child Abuse Potential Inventory (BCAPI) in a German sample of mothers and fathers, and to examine longitudinal predictors of CAP. Participants and setting: Two waves of data were collected from 197 mothers and 191 fathers of children aged 10–21 months for the “Kinder in Deutschland–KiD 0–3” in-depth study. Families were stratified based on prior self-report data for screening purposes. Methods: 138 fathers and 147 mothers were included in the analysis (invalid: 25% mothers, 30% fathers). First, validity of reporting was examined. Second, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was employed to assess factor structure. Third, internal reliability and criterion validity were examined. Finally, multivariate poisson regressions investigated longitudinal predictors of CAP in mothers. Results: A previously established six-factor structure was confirmed for mothers but not fathers. CFA failed for fathers due to large numbers of variables with zero variance. For mothers, internal consistency and criterion validity were good. BCAPI score at follow-up was associated with baseline BCAPI score (β= 00.08), stress (β= 0.06), education (β=-0.19) and alcohol use(β= .58). Conclusions: Findings confirm the six-factor structure of the BCAPI among German mothers. The clinical use of the BCAPI in fathers is not recommended as it might produce data that are hard to interpret. Further research with fathers is needed to establish if this is due to limitations with this dataset or with the questionnaire. KW - Child abuse KW - Kindesmisshandlung KW - Eltern KW - Kind KW - Potenzial KW - Psychometrie KW - Parent-child relationship KW - Child abuse potential KW - Psychometrics KW - Measurement Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16803 VL - 88 SP - 432 EP - 444 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Limaye, Dnyanesh A1 - Fortwengel, Gerhard A1 - Shankar Pitani, Ravi A1 - Sathe, Sushama A1 - Chivate, Sanika A1 - Jagadale, Prabhas A1 - Saeed, Farah A1 - Alam, Syed Mahboob A1 - Rodilla, Vicent A1 - Mounib, Chaimae A1 - Santiesteban Jr., Edel T1 - Perception of university students about doctors and quality of health care provision at clinics: a multi-national study in India, Pakistan, Spain and United States of America JF - International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences N2 - Background: Patient satisfaction is considered as an indicator of the healthcare quality. Information on patient satisfaction based on medical expertise of the physician, interpersonal skills, physician-patient interaction time, perception and needs of the patient allow policymakers to identify areas for improvement. Primary care services and healthcare structure differ between the countries. The present study was done to determine and analyze the determinants associated with patient satisfaction in India, Pakistan, Spain and USA. Methods: This descriptive study was performed in January to August 2019 among students from Mumbai University, India, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan, University CEU Cardenal Herrera, Valencia, Spain, Texas State University, Texas, USA. On the basis of the eligibility criterion (those who gave a written informed consent and were registered students of respective university) 890 (India: 369, Pakistan: 128, Spain: 195, USA: 99) students were selected for the present study. Results: India had almost similar male (49%) to female (51%) ratio of participants. For other 3 countries (PK, ES, US), female participant percentage was nearly 20% or even more as compared to male participants. Overall participant’s satisfaction score about medial expertise of the doctor were highest in India (71%) and were lowest in Spain (43%). Overall satisfaction score about time spent with doctor were highest for India (64%) and were lowest for Spain (41%). Overall satisfaction score about communication with doctor were highest for US (60%) and were lowest for PK (53%). Overall satisfaction score for medical care given by the doctor was lowest in PK (43%) and was highest in US (64%). Overall satisfaction about doctor, highest number of US (83%) and lowest number of PK (32%) participants were satisfied about medical interaction with doctors. Conclusions: These multi-country findings can provide information for health policy making in India, Pakistan, Spain and USA. Although the average satisfaction per country, except Pakistan is more than 60%, the results suggest that there is ample room for improvement. KW - Communication KW - Medical expertise KW - Health services KW - Patient satisfaction KW - Zufriedenheit KW - Patient KW - Indien KW - Pakistan KW - Spanien KW - USA KW - Student KW - Krankenhaus Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16778 SN - 2320-6012 VL - 8 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 9 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Limaye, Dnyanesh A1 - Ziesenis, Patrick A1 - Limaye, Vaidehi A1 - Ahmad, Mansoor A1 - Saeed, Farah A1 - Rizvi, Ramla A1 - Kapadi, Atul A1 - Sathe, Sushama A1 - Fortwengel, Gerhard T1 - Knowledge, attitude and practices of antibiotic usage among university students from Karachi, Pakistan JF - International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences N2 - Background: Antimicrobial resistance has become a serious global problem. A potential post-antibiotic era is threatening present and future medical advances. In Pakistan, the usage of antibiotic is unnecessarily high and due to over exposure to these drugs, bacteria are developing resistance against these drugs. It is necessary to improve public awareness about the rational use of antibiotics in order to bring a change in consumer’s behaviour. Therefore, present study was undertaken to assess the existing knowledge, attitude and practices related to antibiotic usage among university students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among university students from Karachi, Pakistan during May-June 2018. 200 students were approached to participate in the study of which 159 agreed to participate (males: 70, females: 89). Pretested questionnaire was distributed to the study subjects and the collected data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23. Results: Substantial number of (33% and 50%) participants were unaware about the differences in antibiotic: anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotic: antipyretics respectively. 29% of the participants thought it is right to stop antibiotics only based on symptomatic improvement. Thirty nine percent and eighty three percent participants believed that antibiotics should always be prescribed to treat flu like symptoms and pneumonia respectively. Conclusions: Participants demonstrated average knowledge about antibiotics. Similarly, their attitude and practice toward antibiotic use was associated with misconceptions. An educational intervention is necessary to make them aware about rational use of antibiotics. KW - Antibiotic KW - Antibiotic resistance KW - Karachi KW - University students KW - Karatschi KW - Pakistan KW - Antibiotikum KW - Arzneimittelresistenz KW - Student Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16761 SN - 2320-6012 VL - 7 IS - 2 SP - 520 EP - 525 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Albrecht, Urs-Vito A1 - Afshar, Kambiz A1 - Illiger, Kristin A1 - Becker, Stefan A1 - Hartz, Tobias A1 - Breil, Bernhard A1 - Wichelhaus, Daniel A1 - von Jan, Ute T1 - Expectancy, usage and acceptance by general practitioners and patients: exploratory results from a study in the German outpatient sector JF - Digital Health N2 - Objective: The study’s objective was to assess factors contributing to the use of smart devices by general practitioners (GPs) and patients in the health domain, while specifically addressing the situation in Germany, and to determine whether, and if so, how both groups differ in their perceptions of these technologies. Methods: GPs and patients of resident practices in the Hannover region, Germany, were surveyed between April and June 2014. A total of 412 GPs in this region were invited by email to participate via an electronic survey, with 50 GPs actually doing so (response rate 12.1%). For surveying the patients, eight regional resident practices were visited by study personnel (once each). Every second patient arriving there (inclusion criteria: of age, fluent in German) was asked to take part (paper-based questionnaire). One hundred and seventy patients participated; 15 patients who did not give consent were excluded. Results: The majority of the participating patients (68.2%, 116/170) and GPs (76%, 38/50) owned mobile devices. Of the patients, 49.9% (57/116) already made health-related use of mobile devices; 95% (36/38) of the participating GPs used them in a professional context. For patients, age (P<0.001) and education (P<0.001) were significant factors, but not gender (P>0.99). For doctors, neither age (P¼0.73), professional experience (P>0.99) nor gender (P¼0.19) influenced usage rates. For patients, the primary use case was obtaining health (service)-related information. For GPs, interprofessional communication and retrieving information were in the foreground. There was little app-related interaction between both groups. Conclusions: GPs and patients use smart mobile devices to serve their specific interests. However, the full potentials of mobile technologies for health purposes are not yet being taken advantage of. Doctors as well as other care providers and the patients should work together on exploring and realising the potential benefits of the technology. KW - mHealth KW - Smartphone KW - Smart Device KW - general practitioners KW - acceptance KW - tablet KW - mobile health KW - digital divide KW - Allgemeinarzt KW - Akzeptanz KW - Patient Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16817 SN - 2055-2076 VL - 3 SP - 1 EP - 22 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Limaye, Dnyanesh A1 - Fortwengel, Gerhard A1 - Limaye, Vaidehi A1 - Bhasi, Aishwarya A1 - Dhule, Aditya A1 - Dugane, Rajesh A1 - Borkar, Asang A1 - Shankar Pitani, Ravi A1 - Sathe, Sushama A1 - Kapadi, Atul T1 - A study to assess knowledge and attitude towards HIV among students from Mumbai university JF - International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences N2 - Background: India has the third largest HIV epidemic in the world. The Indian epidemic is characterized by low levels in the general population and elevated concentrations among high-risk groups. The present study was planned to determine the awareness of HIV among students from Mumbai University. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among students from Mumbai University, India during May–June 2017. Two hundred and fifty students were approached to participate in the study of which 199 agreed to participate (males: 132; females: 67). Pretested questionnaire was distributed and collected data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23. Results: Study participants had high knowledge (86%) and attitude score (87%). There was no significant difference between males and female participants for attitude and knowledge, except for one question regarding knowledge about HIV transmission via breastfeeding to child. Conclusions: Present study showed that there are no misconceptions or negative attitudes regarding HIV among students. A longitudinal study with a larger sample size across India is recommended for further investigation. KW - Attitude KW - Knowledge KW - Aids KW - HIV KW - Wissen KW - Student KW - Mumbai Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16754 SN - 2320-6012 VL - 7 IS - 6 SP - 1999 EP - 2002 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kelm, Ole A1 - Dohle, Marco A1 - Bernhard, Uli T1 - Politicians’ Self-Reported Social Media Activities JF - Social Media + Society N2 - The growing importance of social media in the political arena seems to be in line with the mediatization of politics thesis, which states that mediated communication is becoming more important in politics and increasingly influences political processes. However, how politicians’ social media activities and politicians’ perceptions concerning social media have developed over time has rarely been examined. Moreover, it is unclear how the politicians’ activities and perceptions are related to each other. Referring to theoretical approaches, such as the influence of presumed influence approach, four surveys were conducted among German parliamentarians (MPs) between 2012 and 2016 (n = 194/149/170/118). The results indicate that the MPs’ self-reported social media activities and perceptions have remained remarkably constant since 2012. Regression analyses indicate that MPs’ self-reported social media activities and perceptions are hardly related to each other. This raises the question whether mediatization processes are indeed driven by politicians’ perceptions about media influences. KW - mediatization of politics KW - Politiker KW - Social Media KW - politicians KW - influence of presumed influence KW - longitudinal study Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16825 SN - 2056-3051 VL - 5 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 12 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Limaye, Dnyanesh A1 - Naware, Sanika A1 - Bare, Priyanka A1 - Dalvi, Shreya A1 - Dhurve, Ketaki A1 - Sydymanov, Arlan A1 - Limaye, Vaidehi A1 - Shankar Pitani, Ravi A1 - Kanso, Zeinab A1 - Fortwengel, Gerhard T1 - Knowledge, attitude and practices of antibiotic usage among students from Mumbai University JF - International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences N2 - Background: Discovery of antibiotics have helped to manage the devastating diseases. Presently, the antibiotic era is threatened by the emergence of high level of antibiotic resistance of important pathogens. Misuse of antibiotics poses a serious risk to infectious disease control. It is necessary to improve public awareness to bring a change in the behavior of consumers. Therefore, present study was undertaken to assess the existing knowledge, attitude and practices related to antibiotic usage among university students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among students from Mumbai University, India during May-June 2017. 300 students were approached to participate in the study of which 250 agreed to participate (males: 117; females: 133). Pretested questionnaire was distributed and collected data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23. Results: Substantial number (33% and 40%) participants were unaware about the differences in antibiotic-anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotic-antipyretics respectively. 28% of the participants thought it is right to stop antibiotics only based on symptoms improvement. Sixty eight percent and seventy nine percent participants believed that antibiotics should always be prescribed to treat flu like symptoms and pneumonia respectively. Conclusions: Participants demonstrated poor knowledge about antibiotics. Similarly, their attitude and practice toward antibiotic use was associated with misconceptions. An educational intervention can be introduced to make them aware about rational antibiotic practices. KW - Antibiotic KW - Antibiotikum KW - Arzneimittelresistenz KW - Student KW - Mumbai KW - Drogenmissbrauch KW - Antibiotic resistance KW - Rational drug use KW - University students Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16736 SN - 2320-6012 VL - 6 IS - 6 SP - 1908 EP - 1912 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Tebbe, Christopher A1 - Glawe, Matthias A1 - Niemann, Karl-Heinz A1 - Fay, Alexander A1 - Dittgen, Josha A1 - Eckardt, Jörg T1 - Integrierte softwaregestützte Sicherheitsanalyse von Automatisierungsanlagen (INSA) BT - Abschlussbericht für das ZIM-Kooperationsprojekt mit dem Förderkennzeichen KF2421105BZ3 N2 - Im Rahmen des vom Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie geförderten Forschungsprojektes INSA sollen wichtige Beiträge zur Verbesserung der IT-Sicherheit von Produktionsanlagen insbesondere in kleinen und mittelständischen Unternehmen (KMU) realisiert und erprobt werden. Die IT-Sicherheit von Produktionsanlagen wird zu einer immer wichtigeren Komponente des Schutzes von Unternehmen gegen Cyber-Attacken. Neben Angriffen aus dem Internet sind dabei interne Angriffsquellen in Betracht zu ziehen. Gängige Vorgehensmodelle, wie z. B. die VDI-Richtlinie 2182, setzen dabei unter anderem auf eine wiederkehrende Analyse der Bedrohungen und auf die Implementierung entsprechender Schutzmaßnahmen. Die Durchführung einer solchen wiederkehrenden Gefährdungsanalyse ist mit einem wiederkehrenden manuellen Aufwand verbunden, weshalb kleine und mittlere Unternehmen die Durchführung dieser Maßnahmen häufig meiden. Ziel des Projektes ist die Unterstützung kleiner und mittlerer Unternehmen bei der Durchführung entsprechender Bedrohungsanalysen zu unterstützen. Der Ansatz des Projektes beruht auf der automatisierten bzw. teilautomatisierten Erfassung der installierten Automatisierungskomponenten (Assets). Danach kann für bekannte Standardkomponenten durch die Verwendung wissensbasierter Methoden eine Beurteilung der Bedrohung einer Automatisierungsanlage erfolgen. Hierfür wird fachspezifisches Wissen erfasst und verarbeitet wird. Diese Methoden können bei Bedarf in die Engineering-Oberfläche einer Automatisierungsanlage intergiert werden. KW - IT-Sicherheit KW - Automatische Sicherheitsanalyse KW - Automation ML KW - Computersicherheit KW - Produktion KW - Bedrohungsanalyse KW - Klein- und Mittelbetrieb Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16798 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Alfeis, Lisa-Marie A1 - Deierling, Pascal A1 - Gödecke, Timo A1 - Mevers, Sebastian A1 - Zimmermann, Tobias A1 - Andres, Sven Frederic A1 - Bedrunka, Alexander A1 - Lüdersen, Ulrich T1 - Co2rona Effekt - Sektorspezifische Betrachtung in Deutschland 2020 N2 - Die folgende Studie befasst sich mit den Auswirkungen der Corona-Pandemie und deren Effekt – ein verminderter CO2-Ausstoß in Deutschland. Für einen übersichtlichen Vergleich wird im weiteren Verlauf in unterschiedlichen Szenarien darauf eingegangen, wie sich der CO2-Ausstoß im Vergleich zu 2020 ohne die Corona-Pandemie in Deutschland verändern könnte. Grundbasis für die Ermittlungen der folgenden Szenarien ist der CO2-Trend ohne die Corona-Pandemie im Jahr 2020, in dem Deutschland das Emissionsziel von -40 % gegenüber 1990 mit einer Reduktion von lediglich 37 % verfehlt hätte. Im zweiten Szenario wird dargestellt, wie sich die aktuelle Corona-Pandemie mit verschiedenen Lockdown-Phasen auf den CO2-Ausstoß auswirkt. Deutlich wird hierbei, dass trotz der aktuellen Maßnahmen eine längere Lockdown-Phase benötigt wird, um das Klimaziel von -40 % langfristig gesichert zu erreichen. In den Szenarien 3 und 4 liegt der Fokus auf möglichen Handlungs- und Verhaltensweisen nach der Pandemie. Das Szenario 3 betrachtet die Folgen von wirtschaftsfördernden Maßnahmen nach dem Lockdown und dem damit einhergehenden CO2-Anstieg. Wie viel CO2 zusätzlich aufgrund von nachhaltigem und klimaorientiertem Verhalten eingespart werden kann, erläutert das Szenario 4 „CO2 Entwicklung unter Berücksichtigung der Corona-Pandemie 2020 und möglicher positiver Umweltentwicklungen aus dem Lockdown“. Faktoren, wie die wachsende Bevölkerung, sich verändernde Produktionsfaktoren oder Umwelteinflüsse wurden vernachlässigt. Die Studie zeigt, dass die Chancen, die durch die wirtschaftlichen Einschnitte und die Verhaltensänderungen, die durch die Corona-Pandemie bzw. deren Folgen hervorgerufen wurden, einen maßgeblichen Einfluss auf den CO2-Ausstoß der Bundesrepublik Deutschland haben können. KW - Co2-Emissionen KW - Corona KW - Klimaziele KW - Sektoranalyse KW - Kohlendioxidemission KW - Pandemie KW - Treibhausgas KW - Luftreinhaltepolitik KW - Umweltbewusstsein KW - Verhalten Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16712 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kuntz, Ludwig A1 - Scholten, Nadine A1 - Wilhelm, Hendrik A1 - Wittland, Michael A1 - Hillen, Hendrik Ansgar T1 - The benefits of agreeing on what matters most: Team cooperative norms mediate the effect of co-leaders' shared goals on safety climate in neonatal intensive care units JF - Health Care Management Review N2 - BACKGROUND: Safety climate research suggests that a corresponding climate in work units is crucial for patient safety. Intensive care units are usually co-led by a nurse and a physician, who are responsible for aligning an interprofessional workforce and warrant a high level of safety. Yet, little is known about whether and how these interprofessional co-leaders jointly affect their unit's safety climate. PURPOSE: This empirical study aims to explain differences in the units' safety climate as an outcome of the nurse and physician leaders' degree of shared goals. Specifically, we examine whether the degree to which co-leaders share goals in general fosters a safety climate by pronouncing norms of interprofessional cooperation as a behavioral standard for the team members' interactions. METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: A cross-sectional design was used to gather data from 70 neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in Germany. Survey data for our variables were collected from the unit's leading nurse and the leading physician, as well as from the unit's nursing and physician team members. Hypotheses testing at unit level was conducted using multivariate linear regression. RESULTS: Our analyses show that the extent to which nurse-physician co-leaders share goals covaries with safety climate in NICUs. This relationship is partially mediated by norms of interprofessional cooperation among NICU team members. Our final model accounts for 54% of the variability in safety climate of NICUs. CONCLUSION: Increasing the extent to which co-leaders share goals is an effective lever to strengthen interprofessional cooperation and foster a safety climate among nursing and physician team members of hospital units. KW - co-leaders KW - cooperative norms KW - interprofessional cooperation KW - safety climate KW - Sicherheit KW - Kooperation KW - Intensivstation KW - Neugeborenes KW - Führungskraft Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16576 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hansmann, Verena A1 - Volling, Otto A1 - Krömker, Volker T1 - Modified ‘Stable Schools’ as a Consulting Tool for Organic Dairy Herds JF - Organic Farming N2 - The aim of this study was to examine the opinions of farmers on a consulting project, which was established for organic dairy farms in Northern Germany involving different animal health experts who participated in the meetings. Furthermore, the properties of measures that are of decisive importance for implementation on the farms were identified to improve consultancy services for dairy farming. Once a year, the farmers met on a host-farm in one of three groups consisting of five to nine farms, a facilitator and an expert. At each meeting, a host-farm was visited and the analysed data of all participating farms of the previous year were presented to the group members. Each farmer had the possibility to report on success stories and issues concerning his herd. During discussions, the farmers first proposed mutual farm-specific measures for improving herd health and animal welfare. Afterwards, the expert named possible interventions and commented on the given measures of the farmers. All measures were noted by the facilitator. At the end of each meeting, each farmer could choose which of the given measures he wanted to implement. Open group-interviews as well as anonymous questionnaires for the farmers were used at the meetings in winter 2016/2017 to evaluate their perception of this consulting project and to determine which properties of measures were important for implementation on the farms. Based on the results of this study, the participating farmers were very positive towards this kind of consulting project. They favoured the participation of an expert during the meetings and the analysis of farm-specific data. Farmers mostly chose measures for implementation proposed by farmers and approved by the expert, followed by those proposed by the expert only. Measures were chosen when they were practical in the implementation, effective, efficient and took a low additional workload for implementation. KW - consulting KW - dairy farming KW - experts KW - fellow farmers KW - herd health KW - improvement KW - learning-groups KW - organic farming KW - welfare KW - Unternehmensberatung KW - Milchwirtschaft KW - Tiergesundheit KW - Biologische Landwirtschaft Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16558 SN - 2297-6485 VL - 6 IS - 1 SP - 13 EP - 23 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jensen, Katharina Charlotte A1 - Frömke, Cornelia A1 - Schneider, Bettina A1 - Do Duc, Phuong A1 - Gundling, Frieder A1 - Birnstiel, Katrin A1 - Schönherr, Franziska A1 - Scheu, Theresa A1 - Kaiser-Wichern, Anika A1 - Woudstra, Svenja A1 - Seyboldt, Christian A1 - Hoedemaker, Martina A1 - Campe, Amelie T1 - Case-control study on factors associated with a decreased milk yield and a depressed health status of dairy herds in northern Germany JF - BMC Veterinary Research N2 - Background In the past years, it became apparent that health status and performance differ considerably within dairy farms in Northern Germany. In order to obtain clues with respect to possible causes of these differences, a case-control study was performed. Case farms, which showed signs of health and performance problems, and control farms, which had none of these signs, were compared. Risk factors from different areas such as health management, housing, hygiene and nutrition were investigated as these are known to be highly influential. The aim of this study was to identify major factors within these areas that have the strongest association with health and performance problems of dairy herds in Northern Germany. Results In the final model, a lower energy density in the roughage fraction of the diet, more pens with dirty lying areas and a low ratio of cows per watering spaces were associated with a higher risk for herd health problems. Moreover, case farms were affected by infections with intestinal parasites, lungworms, liver flukes and Johne’s Disease numerically more often than control farms. Case farms more often had pens with raised cubicles compared to the deep bedded stalls or straw yards found in control farms. In general, the hygiene of the floors and beddings was worse in case farms. Concerning nutrition, the microbiological and sensory quality of the provided silages was often insufficient, even in control farms. Less roughage was provided to early lactating cows and the feed was pushed to the feeding fence less frequently in case farms than in control farms. Conclusions The results show that milk yield and health status were associated with various factors from different areas stressing the importance of all aspects of management for good animal health and performance. Moreover, this study confirmed well-known risk factors for health problems and performance losses. These should better be taken heed of in herd health management. KW - Dairy cow KW - Health management KW - Housing KW - Hygiene KW - Feeding management KW - Milchkuh KW - Nutztierhaltung KW - Hygiene KW - Fütterung KW - Tiergesundheit KW - Norddeutschland Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16498 SN - 1746-6148 VL - 15 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Salami, Kolawole A1 - Imbault, Nathalie A1 - Erlebach, Aljoscha A1 - Urban, Johanna A1 - Zoglowek, Mike A1 - Tornieporth, Nadia G. T1 - A systematic scorecard-based approach to site assessment in preparation for Lassa fever vaccine clinical trials in affected countries JF - Pilot and feasibility studies N2 - Background: We sought to develop and test an objective scorecard-based system for assessing and categorizing available research sites in Lassa fever-affected countries based on their preparedness and capability to host Lassa fever vaccine clinical trials. Methods: We mapped available clinical research sites through interrogation of online clinical trial registries and relevant disease-based consortia. A structured online questionnaire was used to assess the capability of clinical trial sites to conduct Lassa fever vaccine clinical trials. We developed a new scoring template by allocating scores to questionnaire parameters based on perceived importance to the conduct of clinical trials as described in the WHO/TDR Global Competency Framework for Clinical Research. Cutoff points of 75% and 50% were used to categorize sites into categories A, B, or C. Results: This study identified 44 clinical trial sites in 8 Lassa fever-affected countries. Out of these, 35 sites were characterized based on their capacity to hold Lassa fever vaccine clinical trials. A total of 14 sites in 4 countries were identified as ready to host Lassa fever vaccine trials immediately or with little support. Conclusion: It is feasible to hold Lassa fever vaccine trials in affected countries based on the outcome of the survey. However, the findings are to be validated through sites' visits. This experience with a standardized and objective method of the site assessment is encouraging, and the site selection method used can serve as an orientation to sponsors and researchers planning clinical trials in the region. KW - Lassa fever vaccines KW - Clinical trials KW - Endemic countries KW - Assessment KW - Site selection KW - Scorecard KW - Site assessment KW - Capacity strengthening KW - Lassa-Fieber KW - Impfstoff KW - Klinisches Experiment Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16480 SN - 2055-5784 VL - 6 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Baltin, Christoph Tobias A1 - Wilhelm, Hendrik A1 - Wittland, Michael A1 - Hölscher, Arnulf H. A1 - Stippel, Dirk A1 - Astvatsatourov, Anatoli T1 - Noise patterns in visceral surgical procedures: Analysis of second-bysecond dBA data of 599 procedures over the course of one year JF - Scientific reports N2 - The objective of this study is to analyze noise patterns during 599 visceral surgical procedures. Considering work-safety regulations, we will identify immanent noise patterns during major visceral surgeries. Increased levels of noise are known to have negative health impacts. Based on a very finegrained data collection over a year, this study will introduce a new procedure for visual representation of intra-surgery noise progression and pave new paths for future research on noise reduction in visceral surgery. Digital decibel sound-level meters were used to record the total noise in three operating theatres in one-second cycles over a year. These data were matched to archival data on surgery characteristics. Because surgeries inherently vary in length, we developed a new procedure to normalize surgery times to run cross-surgery comparisons. Based on this procedure, dBA values were adjusted to each normalized time point. Noise-level patterns are presented for surgeries contingent on important surgery characteristics: 16 different surgery types, operation method, day/night time point and operation complexity (complexity levels 1–3). This serves to cover a wide spectrum of day-to-day surgeries. The noise patterns reveal significant sound level differences of about 1 dBA, with the mostcommon noise level being spread between 55 and 60 dBA. This indicates a sound situation in many of the surgeries studied likely to cause stress in patients and staff. Absolute and relative risks of meeting or exceeding 60 dBA differ considerably across operation types. In conclusion, the study reveals that maximum noise levels of 55 dBA are frequently exceeded during visceral surgical procedures. Especially complex surgeries show, on average, a higher noise exposure. Our findings warrant active noise management for visceral surgery to reduce potential negative impacts of noise on surgical performance and outcome. KW - Arbeitsmedizin KW - Geräusch KW - Operation KW - occupational health KW - preventive medicine KW - risk factors Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16469 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 10 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Titze, Isabel A1 - Krömker, Volker T1 - Antimicrobial Activity of a Phage Mixture and a Lactic Acid Bacterium against Staphylococcus aureus from Bovine Mastitis JF - Veterinary Sciences N2 - The antimicrobial activity of a phagemixture and a lactic acid bacteriumagainst Staphylococcus aureus isolates from bovine origin was investigated in vitro with regard to possible applications in the therapy of udder inflammation (mastitis) caused by bacterial infections. The S. aureus isolates used for inoculation derived from quarter foremilk samples of mastitis cases. For the examination of the antimicrobial activity, the reduction of the S. aureus germ density was determined [log10 cfu/mL]. The phage mixture consisted of the three obligatory lytic and S. aureus-specific phages STA1.ST29, EB1.ST11 and EB1.ST27 (1:1:1). The selected Lactobacillus plantarum strain with proven antimicrobial properties and the phage mixture were tested against S. aureus in milk, both alone and in combination. The application of the lactic acid bacterium showed only a low reduction ability for a 24 h incubation period. The bacteriophage mixture as well as its combination with the lactic acid bacterium showed high antimicrobial activity against S. aureus for a 24 h incubation period at 37 � C, with only the phage mixture showing significance. KW - bacteriophage mixture KW - Staphylococcus aureus KW - Bakteriophagen KW - Therapie KW - Brustdrüsenentzündung KW - Rind KW - phage therapy KW - lytic phage KW - lactic acid bacterium KW - dairy KW - bovine mastitis Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16384 SN - 2306-7381 VL - 7 IS - 1 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Paduch, Jan-Hendrik A1 - Lücking, Johanna A1 - Mansion-de Vries, Elisabeth A1 - Zinke, Claudia A1 - Wente, Nicole A1 - Krömker, Volker T1 - Prevention of Intramammary Infections by Prepartum External Application of a Teat Dip Containing Lactic Acid Bacteria with Antimicrobial Properties in Dairy Heifers JF - Pathogens N2 - The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of the prepartum external treatment of teats with a combination of four lactic acid bacteria strains viz. Lactobacillus (Lb.) rhamnosus ATCC 7469, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis ATCC 11454, Lb. paracasei 78/37 (DSM 26911), and Lb. plantarum 118/37 (DSM 26912) on the postcalving udder health of dairy heifers. The study used a split-udder design. Two weeks before the expected calving date, one of two contralateral teats of a teat pair was dipped with an aqueous suspension of lactic acid bacteria (final bacterial counts 8.40–8.47 log10-transformed CFU/mL) once in a week until calving; the other teat of the pair was not treated. After calving, quarter foremilk samples were taken and investigated cyto-microbiologically. In total, 629 teat pairs of 319 heifers were included. There was an association between the treatment and intramammary infections caused by the major udder-pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, and enterococci, as well as clinical mastitis in the first 100 days after calving. The present study indicates that intramammary infections with major pathogens and clinical mastitis may be prevented by regular prepartum external application of lactic acid bacteria in dairy heifers. KW - lactic acid bacteria KW - Milchsäurebakterien KW - Färse KW - Brustdrüsenentzündung KW - Prävention KW - dairy heifers KW - intramammary infections KW - prevention Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16373 SN - 2076-0817 VL - 9 IS - 4 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wagner, Markus A1 - Duwenkamp, Christopher A1 - Dresing, Klaus A1 - Bott, Oliver J. T1 - An Approach to Calculate and Visualize Intraoperative Scattered Radiation Exposure JF - Medical Informatics in a United and Healthy Europe (Studies in Health Technology and Informatics ; 150) N2 - During the intraoperative radiograph generation process with mobile image intensifier systems (C-arm) most of the radiation exposure for patient, surgeon and operation room personal is caused by scattered radiation. The intensity and propagation of scattered radiation depend on different parameters, e.g. the intensity of the primary radiation, and the positioning of the mobile image intensifier. Exposure through scattered radiation can be minimized when all these parameters are adjusted correctly. Because radiation is potentially dangerous and could not be perceived by any human sense the current education on correct adjustment of a C-arm is designed very theoretical. This paper presents an approach of scattered radiation calculation and visualization embedded in a computer based training system for mobile image intensifier systems called virtX. With the help of this extension the virtX training system should enrich the current radiation protection training with visual and practical training aspects. KW - scattered radiation KW - Streustrahlung KW - Simulation KW - Visualisierung KW - Computerunterstütztes Lernen KW - Strahlenschutz KW - CBT KW - radiation protection KW - C-arm Y1 - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16351 SP - 831 EP - 835 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Katzensteiner, Matthias A1 - Ludwig, Wolfram A1 - Marschollek, Michael A1 - Bott, Oliver J. T1 - Results of a Literature Review to Prepare Data Modelling in the Context of Kidney Transplant Rejection Diagnosis JF - ICT for Health Science Research (Studies in Health Technology and Informatics ; 258) N2 - Due to demographic change the number of serious kidney diseases and thus required transplantations will increase. The increased demand for donor organs and a decreasing supply of these organs underline the necessity for effective early rejection diagnostic measures to improve the lifetime of transplants. Expert systems might improve rejection diagnostics but for the development of such systems data models are needed that encompass the relevant information to enable optimal data aggregation and evaluation. Results of a literature review concerning published data models and information systems concerned with kidney transplant rejection diagnostic lead to a set of data elements even if no papers could be identified that publish data models explicitly. KW - Leber KW - Transplantatabstoßung KW - Transplantat KW - Entscheidungsunterstützung KW - Data-Warehouse-Konzept KW - Datenmodell KW - Literaturauswertung KW - Diagnose KW - Kidney KW - Graft Rejection KW - Transplant KW - Decision Support KW - Data Model KW - Literature Review KW - Diagnosis Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16347 SP - 179 EP - 183 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zubke, Maximilian A1 - Bott, Oliver J. A1 - Marschollek, Michael T1 - Using openEHR Archetypes for Automated Extraction of Numerical Information from Clinical Narratives T2 - German Medical Data Sciences: Shaping Change – Creative Solutions for Innovative Medicine (Studies in Health Technology and Informatics ; 267) N2 - Up to 80% of medical information is documented by unstructured data such as clinical reports written in natural language. Such data is called unstructured because the information it contains cannot be retrieved automatically as straightforward as from structured data. However, we assume that the use of this flexible kind of documentation will remain a substantial part of a patient’s medical record, so that clinical information systems have to deal appropriately with this type of information description. On the other hand, there are efforts to achieve semantic interoperability between clinical application systems through information modelling concepts like HL7 FHIR or openEHR. Considering this, we propose an approach to transform unstructured documented information into openEHR archetypes. Furthermore, we aim to support the field of clinical text mining by recognizing and publishing the connections between openEHR archetypes and heterogeneous phrasings. We have evaluated our method by extracting the values to three openEHR archetypes from unstructured documents in English and German language. KW - Text Mining KW - Information Extraction KW - Maschinelles Lernen KW - openEHR Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16336 SP - 156 EP - 163 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blümel, Ina A1 - Clausing, Silke A1 - Altemeier, Franziska A1 - Andresen, Amelie A1 - Brun, Aline A1 - Dony, Carina A1 - Kaminski, Marisa A1 - Pellowski, Antje A1 - Schugt, Helena A1 - Talk, Anne T1 - Familiär im Norden – Nachlese zur 26. BOBCATSSS in Riga, Lettland JF - Information. Wissenschaft & Praxis N2 - Bereits zum dritten Mal in Folge nahm eine zehnköpfige Gruppe Studierender der Hochschule Hannover aus dem Vollzeit- sowie dem berufsbegleitenden Bachelor-Studiengang Informationsmanagement, in Begleitung zweier Dozentinnen, an der BOBCATSSS-Konferenz teil. Nachdem bisher ausschließlich auf der Hochschulwebseite und tagesaktuell im Blog über Erfahrungen und Erlebnisse während der drei BOBCATSSS-Exkursionen berichtet wurde, folgt hiermit nun ein zusammenhängender Beitrag über die diesjährige Konferenz vom 24. bis zum 26. Januar 2018 in Riga, Lettland. Die BOBCATSSS-Konferenz ist eine internationale Konferenz der Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften. Im Gegensatz zu IFLA & Co wird sie fast ausschließlich von Studierenden wechselnder Universitäten in Europa ausgerichtet. KW - BOBCATSSS KW - Veranstaltung KW - Tagungsbericht KW - Bibliothekswissenschaft KW - Informationsmanagement KW - Informations- und Dokumentationswissenschaft KW - Tagung Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16321 SN - 1619-4292 VL - 69 IS - 2-3 SP - 145 EP - 148 ER - TY - THES A1 - Armagan, Ferdi T1 - Vergleich von nativer App- und Cross-Platform-Entwicklung (Facebook React Native und Google Flutter) N2 - Die Entwicklung mobiler Applikationen für iOS und Android ist in der Regel mit viel Arbeit verbunden, da man für beide Plattformen gezwungenermaßen unterschiedlichen Quelltext schreiben muss. Abhilfe für dieses Problem schaffen Cross-Platform-Frameworks wie React Native von Facebook oder Flutter von Google. Anhand dieser Frameworks lassen sich Apps für beide Plattformen mit nur einer Codebase entwickeln. Eine kritische Stelle und oft gebrauchtes Kontra-Argument gegen die Entwicklung mit Cross-Platform-Frameworks ist die Hardwarenähe der nativen Applikationen, an welcher es den Frameworks vermeintlich mangelt. Doch wie ist der Stand der Dinge im Jahr 2020? Können Cross-Platform-Frameworks inzwischen performant und einfach auf Hardwarekomponenten zugreifen und machen damit die mühsame, native Entwicklung für iOS und Android vor allem in Anbetracht der Entwicklung von größerer Enterprise-Software obsolet? Dieser Frage wird in dieser Arbeit nachgegangen und generell überprüft wie tauglich die Cross-Platform-Entwicklung ist. Nach dem Lesen dieser Bachelorarbeit sollte entschieden werden können, ob Cross-Platform-Frameworks für das Anwendungsproblem des Lesers geeignet sind. Um die Forschungsfrage zu beantworten, wurden je zwei Applikationen im Rahmen einer Fallstudie für je iOS und Android entwickelt, damit geprüft werden konnte, wie förderlich die zuvor genannten Frameworks sind. Der Fokus der Arbeit liegt also auf der Güte bzw. dem heutigen Stand der Cross-Platform-Entwicklung, vor allem im Bezug auf die Benutzung von Hardwarekomponenten bzw. betriebssystemspezifischen Diensten (Bluetooth, Kamera, etc.). Die Ergebnisse der Fallstudie zeigen, dass es stets auf den Kontext und die Komplexität der zu realisierenden Anwendung ankommt inwiefern Cross-Platform-Frameworks verwendet werden können. In simplen Anwendungsfällen können Frameworks meist zu einer erheblichen Kostenminimierung und Zeitersparnis führen, wohingegen bei komplexeren Anwendungen relativ schnell Grenzen und starke Abhängigkeiten erreicht werden. KW - react native KW - flutter KW - cross-plattform KW - cross-platform KW - bluetooth low energy KW - Portabilität KW - React KW - iOS KW - Android Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16303 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bin Ali, Annas A1 - Dreyer, Bastian A1 - Renz, Franz A1 - Tegenkamp, Christoph A1 - Sindelar, Ralf T1 - Electrospun Polyacrylonitrile Based Carbon Nanofibers: The Role of Creep Stress towards Cyclization and Graphitization JF - Journal of Material Sciences and Engineering N2 - The properties of these carbon nanostructures are determined by the structure and orientation of the graphitic domains during pyrolysis of carbon precursors. In this work, we investigated systematically the impact of creep stress during the stabilization process on the cyclization and molecular orientation of polyacrylonitrile as well as the graphitized structure after high temperature carbonization. Therefore, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) is electrospun and then stabilized with and without application of creep stress at different temperatures. The effect of creep stress on cyclization was monitored via Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR) and it was found that the degree of cyclization varies with the application of creep stress during the initial stages of cyclization at low temperatures (190°C and 210°C) in contrast to cyclization done at higher temperature (230°C). Herman molecular orientation factor was evaluated by polarized FTIR for PAN nanofibers cyclized with and without creep stress at 230°C-10 h. Subsequently, carbonization was performed at 1000°C and 1200°C for nanofibers cyclized at 230°C-10 h. Our results from XRD and Raman spectroscopy shows that the degree of graphitization and ordering of graphitic domains was enhanced for PAN nanofibers that were creep stressed during the cyclization process, even though both PAN nanofibers cyclized with creep stress and without creep stress showed the same amount of cyclized material. This increased degree of graphitization can be tracked to application of creep stress during the stabilization process which obviously favors the formation of sp2-hybridized carbon planes in the carbonization process. This finding highlights the impact of mechanical stress linking the cyclization of PAN nanofibers to graphitization. Our results will pave the way for a deeper understanding of mechano-chemical processes to fabricate well-aligned graphitic domains which improves the mechanical and electrical properties of CNFs. KW - Carbon nanofibers KW - Polyacrylonitrile KW - Cyclization KW - Graphitization KW - Polyacrylnitril Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16289 SN - 2169-0022 VL - 7 IS - 5 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Titze, Isabel A1 - Lehnherr, Tatiana A1 - Lehnherr, Hansjörg A1 - Krömker, Volker T1 - Efficacy of Bacteriophages Against Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Bovine Mastitis JF - Pharmaceuticals N2 - The lytic efficacy of bacteriophages against Staphylococcus aureus isolates from bovine milk was investigated in vitro, regarding possible applications in the therapy of udder inflammation caused by bacterial infections (mastitis). The host range of sequenced, lytic bacteriophages was determined against a collection of 92 Staphylococcus (S.) aureus isolates. The isolates originated from quarter foremilk samples of clinical and subclinical mastitis cases. A spot test and a subsequent plaque assay were used to determine the phage host range. According to their host range, propagation and storage properties, three phages, STA1.ST29, EB1.ST11, and EB1.ST27, were selected for preparing a bacteriophage mixture (1:1:1), which was examined for its lytic activity against S. aureus in pasteurized and raw milk. It was found that almost two thirds of the isolates could be lysed by at least one of the tested phages. The bacteriophage mixture was able to reduce the S. aureus germ density in pasteurized milk and its reduction ability was maintained in raw milk, with only a moderate decrease compared to the results in pasteurized milk. The significant reduction ability of the phage mixture in raw milk promotes further in vivo investigation. KW - Bakteriophagen KW - bacteriophage mixture KW - phage therapy KW - lytic phage KW - dairy KW - bovine mastitis KW - Rind KW - Brustdrüsenentzündung Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16247 SN - 1424-8247 VL - 13 IS - 3 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bin Ali, Annas A1 - Renz, Franz A1 - Koch, Julian A1 - Tegenkamp, Christoph A1 - Sindelar, Ralf T1 - Graphene Nanoplatelet (GNPs) Doped Carbon Nanofiber (CNF) System: Effect of GNPs on the Graphitic Structure of Creep Stress and Non-Creep Stress Stabilized Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) JF - Nanomaterials N2 - Improving the graphitic structure in carbon nanofibers (CNFs) is important for exploiting their potential in mechanical, electrical and electrochemical applications. Typically, the synthesis of carbon fibers with a highly graphitized structure demands a high temperature of almost 2500 °C. Furthermore, to achieve an improved graphitic structure, the stabilization of a precursor fiber has to be assisted by the presence of tension in order to enhance the molecular orientation. Keeping this in view, herein we report on the fabrication of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) doped carbon nanofibers using electrospinning followed by oxidative stabilization and carbonization. The effect of doping GNPs on the graphitic structure was investigated by carbonizing them at various temperatures (1000 °C, 1200 °C, 1500 °C and 1700 °C). Additionally, a stabilization was achieved with and without constant creep stress (only shrinkage stress) for both pristine and doped precursor nanofibers, which were eventually carbonized at 1700 °C. Our findings reveal that the GNPs doping results in improving the graphitic structure of polyacrylonitrile (PAN). Further, in addition to the templating effect during the nucleation and growth of graphitic crystals, the GNPs encapsulated in the PAN nanofiber matrix act in-situ as micro clamp units performing the anchoring function by preventing the loss of molecular orientation during the stabilization stage, when no external tension is applied to nanofiber mats. The templating effect of the entire graphitization process is reflected by an increased electrical conductivity along the fibers. Simultaneously, the electrical anisotropy is reduced, i.e., the GNPs provide effective pathways with improved conductivity acting like bridges between the nanofibers resulting in an improved conductivity across the fiber direction compared to the pristine PAN system. KW - Polyacrylnitril KW - polyacrylonitrile KW - graphene nanoplatelets KW - stabilization KW - carbonization KW - shrinkage stress KW - creep stress KW - graphitization KW - electrical anisotropy KW - Graphen KW - Stabilisierung KW - Verkohlung KW - Anisotropie KW - Schwindspannung Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16234 SN - 2079-4991 VL - 10 IS - 2 PB - MDPI ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Tebbje, Sebastian A1 - Karthikeyan,, Gajasri A1 - Friesen, Maxim A1 - Steinke, Kai A1 - Heiss, Stefan A1 - Niemann, Karl-Heinz T1 - Entwicklung einer IT-Sicherheitsinfrastruktur für verteilte Automatisierungssysteme BT - Schlussbericht zu IGF-Vorhaben Nr. 19117 N der Forschungsvereinigung Elektrotechnik beim ZVEI e.V. (FE) N2 - Die zunehmenden Anwendungsfälle der vertikalen und horizontalen Vernetzung von Automatisierungssystemen erhöhen gleichzeitig auch die Bedrohungen der IT-Sicherheit der relevanten automatisierten technischen Prozesse. Zukünftige Anlagenstrukturen werden stärker vernetzt und dezentralisiert organisiert sein, oder sogar weltweit mit anderen technischen Systemen über das Internet kommunizieren. Dies erfolgt häufig über standardisierte Kommunikationsprotokolle, im Weiteren Middleware genannt. Daher ist die Bedeutung standardisierter Verfahren und Modelle zur Erleichterung der Sicherheitskonfigurationen der Middleware, die die folgenden Anforderungen erfüllen, von wesentlicher Bedeutung: - Sichere Kommunikation (sichere Middleware) - Authentifizierung und Autorisierung der Kommunikationspartner auch bei stark vernetzten Systemen und Ad-hoc-Verbindungen - Einfache Verwaltung von Sicherheitsmaßnahmen ohne erheblichen Mehraufwand für die Organisation Die bestehende Referenzarchitektur und die Sicherheitsmerkmale der entsprechenden Middleware werden untersucht, um deren Anwendbarkeit in verschiedenen Stufen der Automatisierungspyramide zu ermitteln. Es werden die Sicherheitsmerkmale für eine durchgängig sichere Kommunikation und deren Flexibilität bei der Integration in eine Public Key Infrastruktur (PKI) untersucht. Die bestehenden Zugangskontrollmechanismen und deren Zukunft im Rahmen von Industrie 4.0 werden bewertet. Die Möglichkeiten zur Integration des mit Attributzertifikaten aktivierten Berechtigungsmechanismus im Rahmen von OPC UA werden in diesem Projekt untersucht und als Teil des Demonstrators implementiert. Die Anwendungsrelevanz der entwickelten Lösungen wird gewährleistet, indem die Projektpartner des projektbegleitenden Ausschusses bei der Erstellung und dem Review von Konzepten frühzeitig beteiligt werden. KW - IT-Sicherheit KW - Computersicherheit KW - Middleware KW - Public-Key-Infrastruktur KW - Industrie 4.0 KW - PKI Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16265 UR - https://www.fv-elektrotechnik.de/aktuelle-vorhaben ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Austermann, Frank T1 - Beratung und ihre Ethik : Impulse aus der Beratungskritik und aus Foucaults Philosophie JF - Forum Supervision N2 - In der philosophischen Ethik wird unterschieden zwischen deskriptiver Ethik, normativer Ethik und Metaethik. In diesem Beitrag steht die normative Ethik im Mittelpunkt. Es soll die Frage erörtert werden, welche ethischen Kriterien für die Praxis von Beratung gelten sollten. Zu diesem Zweck werden zunächst beratungskritische Traditionen angeführt und im Anschluss professionsethische Überlegungen mit Rückgriff auf Impulse aus Foucaults Philosophie angestellt. KW - Beratung KW - Ethik Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16203 SN - 2199-6334 VL - 27 IS - 54 SP - 42 EP - 50 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Austermann, Frank T1 - Zu den demokratischen, emanzipatorischen und internationalen Wurzeln der Profession Supervision am Beispiel von Cora Baltussens Beratungsverständnis JF - Forum Supervision N2 - Mit Blick auf Cora Baltussens Leben, Wirken und Beratungsverständnis werden die demokratischen, emanzipatorischen und internationalen Wurzeln der Rezeption der Profession Supervision in Deutschland in den 1950er und 1960er Jahren betont. Das ist besonders notwendig angesichts kritischer Weiterentwicklungen von Supervision und Coaching, bei denen die professionsethischen Grundlagenfragen zum Teil aus dem Blick geraten. KW - Supervision KW - Beruf Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16183 SN - 2199-6334 VL - 27 IS - 52 SP - 6 EP - 16 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Austermann, Frank T1 - Ökonomisierung in der Beratung? Zur Notwendigkeit gesellschaftspolitischer Diskurse im Hinblick auf Supervision und Coaching JF - Forum Supervision N2 - Verschriftlichung des Grußworts auf der Fachtagung „Supervision im Suppenküchenstaat - Zur Ökonomisierung der Sozialen Arbeit im Spiegel von Supervision und Coaching“ (Friedberg, 20.10.2014) KW - Supervision KW - Coaching KW - Sozialarbeit KW - Kommerzialisierung KW - Ökonomisierung Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16168 SN - 2199-6334 VL - 23 IS - 46 SP - 28 EP - 29 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bolte, Josef A1 - Zhang, Yanchao A1 - Wente, Nicole A1 - Krömker, Volker T1 - In Vitro Susceptibility of Mastitis Pathogens Isolated from Clinical Mastitis Cases on Northern German Dairy Farms JF - Veterinary Sciences N2 - The present research study investigated the susceptibility of common mastitis pathogens—obtained from clinical mastitis cases on 58 Northern German dairy farms—to routinely used antimicrobials. The broth microdilution method was used for detecting the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Streptococcus agalactiae (n = 51), Streptococcus dysgalactiae (n = 54), Streptococcus uberis (n = 50), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 85), non-aureus staphylococci (n = 88), Escherichia coli (n = 54) and Klebsiella species (n = 52). Streptococci and staphylococci were tested against cefquinome, cefoperazone, cephapirin, penicillin, oxacillin, cloxacillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cefalexin/kanamycin. Besides cefquinome and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, Gram-negative pathogens were examined for their susceptibility to marbofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. The examined S. dysgalactiae isolates exhibited the comparatively lowest MICs. S. uberis and S. agalactiae were inhibited at higher amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cephapirin concentration levels, whereas S. uberis isolates additionally exhibited elevated cefquinome MICs. Most Gram-positive mastitis pathogens were inhibited at higher cloxacillin than oxacillin concentrations. The MICs of Gram-negative pathogens were higher than previously reported, whereby 7.4%, 5.6% and 11.1% of E. coli isolates had MICs above the highest concentrations tested for cefquinome, marbofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, respectively. Individual isolates showed MICs at comparatively higher concentrations, leading to the hypothesis that a certain amount of mastitis pathogens on German dairy farms might be resistant to frequently used antimicrobials. KW - bovine mastitis KW - antimicrobial susceptibility KW - minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) KW - staphylococci KW - streptococci KW - coliforms KW - Brustdrüsenentzündung KW - Rind Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16171 VL - 7 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Austermann, Frank T1 - Coaching, das Personal entwickelt, Personen ausschließt und Personenentwicklung instrumentalisiert. Ein diskursanalytischer Blick auf Schreyöggs Beratungsverständnis und ihren Rückgriff auf Neubergers "Personalentwicklung" JF - Forum Supervision N2 - Was bedeutet es beratungswissenschaftlich und beratungspraktisch, wenn wie bei Astrid Schreyögg Coaching als Instrument einer Personalentwicklung im Sinne Oswald Neubergers verstanden wird, der ausdrücklich betont: „Der Mensch ist Mittel. Punkt.“ Wie ist ein solches Coachingverständnis diskursanalytisch zuzuordnen, in dem eine bestimmte Arbeits‐ und Organisationspsychologie sich in den Dienst eines bestimmten Verständnisses von Personalwirtschaft stellt? Wie wirkt sich dies in der konkreten Beratungspraxis aus? Welches Menschenbild liegt einem solchen Coaching zugrunde? Lassen sich historisch Modelle rekonstruieren, in denen psychologische Methoden und Techniken im Interesse einer bestimmten ökonomistischen Weltanschauung und Haltung instrumentalisiert wurden? Der Autor vertritt die These, dass „Psychotechnik“ und „Menschenökonomie“ aus den 1910er‐ und 1920er‐Jahren charakteristische Ähnlichkeiten mit einem personalentwicklungsorientierten Coaching aufweisen, wie es Schreyögg unter Rückgriff auf Neubergers Lehrbuch vertritt. KW - Coaching KW - Personalentwicklung KW - Beratung Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16154 SN - 2199-6334 VL - 21 IS - 42 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Austermann, Frank T1 - Supervision oder Seelsorge - das ist hier die Frage. Ein diskursanalytischer Diskussionsbeitrag zur pastoralpsychologischen Supervision JF - Forum Supervision N2 - Der Autor setzt sich mit der Frage auseinander, ob pastoralpsychologisch ausgebildete Seelsorger/innen besonders geeignet sind, Mitarbeitende in Kirche und Diakonie zu supervidieren? In der Auseinandersetzung mit Vertretern der pastoralpsychologischen Supervision kommt er zu dem Ergebnis, dass die postulierten Vorteile nur dann zum Tragen kommen, wenn die Supervisoren ihre berufsbezogene Beratungstätigkeit von der theologischen Arbeit zu unterscheiden und zu trennen wissen. KW - Seelsorger KW - Supervision Y1 - 2012 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16147 SN - 2199-6334 VL - 20 IS - 39 SP - 102 EP - 110 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Griewatz, Hans-Peter A1 - Walpuski, Volker Jörn T1 - Foucault im Jobcenter : Supervision in einem widersprüchlichen gesellschaftlichen Feld (Teil 2) JF - Forum Supervision N2 - Ziel dieses zweiten Teils ist eine ausführliche (struktur-)hermeneutische Rekonstruktion und Interpretation des Falles, den wir 2017 im ersten Teil dieses Artikels zur Illustration einer historischen, gesellschaftskritischen und makrosoziologischen Perspektive auf den Wandel der Arbeitswelt und den aktivierenden Sozialstaat verwendet hatten. Diese Perspektive tritt nun zugunsten biografischer, sozialwissenschaftlicher und pädagogischer sowie institutions- und organisationstheoretischer Interpretationen und Analysen des Feldes Jobcenter zurück. In ihm spiegeln sich die im ersten Teil beschriebenen Desintegrationsdynamiken wie in einem Brennglas wider. Die biografische Interpretation baut auf der Gestaltmehrdeutigkeit von Biografien nach Rosenthal auf, sie thematisiert die biografischen Übergänge, die eng mit der Bewältigung der Entwicklungsaufgaben korrelieren. Darüber hinaus werden sozialwissenschaftlich sowohl psychoanalytische als auch rollen-, habitus- und machttheoretische Aspekte eine wichtige Rolle spielen. In der institutions- und organisationstheoretischen Interpretation werden die Strukturen und das Beratungsverständnis der Jobcenter als gesellschaftliche Institution analysiert. Beratungswissenschaftlich und supervisionstheoretisch bedeutsam aus der Sicht der Autoren ist, dass sowohl Supervisor_innen als auch die Mitarbeitenden in den Jobcentern über biografietheoretische, sozialwissenschaftliche und sozial-pädagogischen Wissensbestände verfügen sollten, damit sie die komplexen, unverstandenen und aufgrund der Aktenlage häufig fragmentierten Biografien ihrer ‚Kund_innen‘ besser verstehen und beurteilen können. Nur dann scheint auch eine advokatorische Ethik greifen zu können, die das unverstandene Material nicht zu Ungunsten ihrer Klient_innen auslegt. Ziel dieses Artikels ist es, einen sozial- und strukturhermeneutischen Verstehenszugang in dieses für die Supervision interessante Feld zu eröffnen, der zugleich homologe Übertragungsmöglichkeiten in andere gesellschaftliche Felder ermöglichen kann. KW - Jobcenter KW - Beratung KW - Supervision Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16131 SN - 2199-6334 VL - 26 IS - 51 SP - 39 EP - 74 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Griewatz, Hans-Peter A1 - Walpuski, Volker Jörn T1 - „Foucault im Jobcenter“ : Supervision in einem widersprüchlichen gesellschaftlichen Feld (Teil 1) JF - Forum Supervision N2 - Erwerbsarbeit ist nach wie vor der wichtigste Faktor gesellschaftlicher Teilhabe. Jobcenter erfüllen aus diesem Grund eine wichtige gesellschaftliche Funktion. Aufgrund ihrer verwickelten und konfliktreichen Geschichte ist ihre gesellschaftliche Verortung schwierig. Jobcenter sind bisher, trotz ihrer Größe und gesellschaftlichen Relevanz für maßgebliche Bevölkerungsteile, kaum beratungswissenschaftlich untersucht worden. Unserer Ansicht scheint es notwendig zu sein, sich intensiver mit dem gesellschaftlichen Feld der Jobcenter zu beschäftigten: Zum einen, weil Beratung selbst eine herausgehobene Bedeutung im Jobcenter besitzt und zum anderen, weil die Jobcenter ein wichtiges Feld für die Supervision werden könnten. Dieser Artikel soll daher eine erste kasuistische Grundlage für eine kritische Reflexion bieten und wird in zwei Teilen erscheinen. Der erste Teil wird eine grundlagentheoretische Einführung in das Thema sein. Darauf aufbauend rekonstruieren wir in einem zweiten Teil einen Fall aus dem Jobcenter, der in der nächsten Ausgabe der FoRuM Supervision unter dem Titel ‚Fallverstehen und Fallrekonstruktion‘ analysiert und reflektiert werden wird. KW - Jobcenter KW - Beratung KW - Supervision Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16128 SN - 2199-6334 VL - 25 IS - 50 SP - 12 EP - 30 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Walpuski, Volker T1 - Great Transformation: Die Zukunft moderner Gesellschaften JF - Forum Supervision N2 - Ein Konferenzrückblick: Das DFG-Forschungskolleg „Postwachstumsgesellschaften“ hatte gemeinsam mit der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Soziologie (DGS) zu einer gemeinsamen fünftägigen Konferenz vom 23. bis 27. September 2019 an die Friedrich Schiller-Universität Jena geladen, und rund 700 Wissenschaftler*innen und Studierende kamen aus dem In- und Ausland, um an den rund 150 Veranstaltungen teilzunehmen. Begleitet wurde die Konferenz von einem umfänglichen Kulturprogramm mit Konzerten, Kinofilmen und Kunst, und rechtzeitig zur Konferenz erschien als Tagungsband auch eine lesenswerte 600-seitige Sonderausgabe des Berliner Journals für Soziologie (Dörre et al. 2019). Das Konferenzprogramm stand einerseits unter der Thematik der „Great Transformation“, also der auf Karl Polanyi (1886-1964) zurückgehenden These einer zunehmenden Vermarktlichung und Verselbstständigung der Wirtschaft gegenüber der Gesellschaft (vgl. Polanyi 1944), die das DFG-Forschungskolleg rund um die Soziologen Klaus Dörre, Hartmut Rosa und Stefan Lessenich als Titel gewählt hat. Andererseits tagten einige Sektionen der DGS als Regionalkonferenz, um sektionsspezifische Panels durchzuführen. KW - Gesellschaft KW - Wirtschaft KW - Konferenz Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16112 SN - 2199-6334 VL - 27 IS - 54 SP - 91 EP - 97 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ehrich, Felix A1 - Frie, Claudia A1 - Kirchberg, Andrea A1 - Klee, Tatiana A1 - Meißner, Doris T1 - Gute Fragen für gute Lehre. Eine Handreichung für Lehrende zur Erstellung von Fragen im Antwortwahlverfahren. N2 - Fragen gehören zu den wirkungsvollsten Mitteln, um Lernprozesse anzustoßen. Sie regen Studierende an, sich mit Inhalten auseinanderzusetzen, diese zu verstehen und ihr Wissen und Können zu zeigen. Fragen ermöglichen Lernenden genauso wie Lehrenden Feedback zum Lernstand zu erhalten. Eine „gute“ Frage zu erstellen, ist eine Herausforderung für alle Dozierenden, die ihnen in verschiedenen Lehrzusammenhängen begegnet: • Klausurfragen (summatives Prüfen) • Test- und Übungsaufgaben zur Selbsteinschätzung Studierender • Test- und Übungsaufgaben als Lernfortschrittskontrolle • Semesterbegleitende Übungsaufgaben zum kontinuierlichen Lernen • Fragen für den Einsatz von Abstimmungssystemen (Audience-Response-Systeme) Die vorliegende Handreichung bietet eine praktische Anleitung zur Erstellung guter Fragen im Antwort-Wahl-Verfahren (AWV). Unter guten Fragen verstehen wir Fragen hoher Qualität hinsichtlich der Gütekriterien Reliabilität, Validität und Objektivität. Den Schwerpunkt der Arbeit bilden allgemeine Hinweise zur Formulierung guter Fragen, wobei auch die fachdisziplinäre Sicht berücksichtigt wird. KW - Frage KW - Lehre KW - Formulierung KW - Antwort-Wahl-Verfahren Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-16103 N1 - Kapitel 3 unter CC BY-ND lizenziert, alles andere unter CC BY. ER - TY - THES A1 - Nowak, Jennifer T1 - Nutzerorientierte Innovationsmethoden in Behördenbibliotheken N2 - Der ständige Wandel der Gesellschaft hinsichtlich der Bedürfnisse und Arbeitsgewohnheiten, stellt eine Herausforderung dar, mit der sich auch Behördenbibliotheken auseinandersetzen müssen. Diese stetigen Veränderungen führen zu einem erhöhten Innovationsbedarf in diesen Bibliotheken. Die Arbeit setzt sich mit zwei möglichen nutzerorientierten Innovationsmethoden auseinander. Jene können dazu beitragen, dass die veränderten Bedürfnisse der Bibliotheksnutzer unmittelbar in Innovationsprojekte der Behördenbibliotheken mit einfließen. Im ersten Teil der Arbeit werden die theoretischen Grundlagen von Innovationen sowie der zwei Methoden, Open Innovation und Design Thinking, dargestellt. Open Innovation und Design Thinking werden darüber hinaus anhand von Praxisbeispielen aus Bibliotheken näher erläutert. Außerdem werden sowohl die Aufgaben als auch die allgemeinen Herausforderungen in Behördenbibliotheken dargestellt. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit wird die durchgeführte empirische Untersuchung beschrieben, die einen Aufschluss über den aktuellen Stand von Innovationen in Behördenbibliotheken geben soll. Abschließend werden, anhand der theoretischen Grundlagen sowie der gewonnenen Erkenntnisse, Erfolgskriterien und Handlungsempfehlungen für die Durchführung von nutzerintegrierten Innovationsprojekten für Behördenbibliotheken gegeben. KW - Innovation KW - Behördenbibliothek KW - Design Thinking KW - Open Innovation KW - Benutzerorientierung Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-15781 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biopolymers - facts and statistics BT - Production capacities, processing routes, feedstock, land and water use N2 - One of the main concerns of this publication is to furnish a more rational basis for discussing bioplastics and use fact-based arguments in the public discourse. Furthermore, “Biopolymers – facts and statistics” aims to provide specific, qualified answers easily and quickly for decision-makers in particular from public administration and the industrial sector. Therefore, this publication is made up like a set of rules and standards and largely foregoes textual detail. It offers extensive market-relevant and technical facts presented in graphs and charts, which means that the information is much easier to grasp. The reader can expect comparative market figures for various materials, regions, applications, process routes, agricultural land use, water use or resource consumption, production capacities, geographic distribution, etc. T3 - Biopolymers - facts and statistics - 6 KW - bioplastics KW - biopolymers KW - land use KW - market data facts KW - process routes KW - water use Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-15764 VL - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biopolymers - facts and statistics BT - Production capacities, processing routes, feedstock, land and water use N2 - One of the main concerns of this publication is to furnish a more rational basis for discussing bioplastics and use fact-based arguments in the public discourse. Furthermore, “Biopolymers – facts and statistics” aims to provide specific, qualified answers easily and quickly for decision-makers in particular from public administration and the industrial sector. Therefore, this publication is made up like a set of rules and standards and largely foregoes textual detail. It offers extensive market-relevant and technical facts presented in graphs and charts, which means that the information is much easier to grasp. The reader can expect comparative market figures for various materials, regions, applications, process routes, agricultural land use, water use or resource consumption, production capacities, geographic distribution, etc. T3 - Biopolymers - facts and statistics - 5 KW - bioplastics KW - biopolymers KW - land use KW - market data facts KW - process routes KW - water use Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-15756 SN - 2510-3431 VL - 2018 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wartena, Christian A1 - Franke-Maier, Michael T1 - A Hybrid Approach to Assignment of Library of Congress Subject Headings JF - Archives of Data Science, Series A N2 - Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) are popular for indexing library records. We studied the possibility of assigning LCSH automatically by training classifiers for terms used frequently in a large collection of abstracts of the literature on hand and by extracting headings from those abstracts. The resulting classifiers reach an acceptable level of precision, but fail in terms of recall partly because we could only train classifiers for a small number of LCSH. Extraction, i.e., the matching of headings in the text, produces better recall but extremely low precision. We found that combining both methods leads to a significant improvement of recall and a slight improvement of F1 score with only a small decrease in precision. KW - Classification KW - Keyword Extraction KW - LCSH KW - Machine Learning KW - Library of Congress KW - Schlagwort KW - Automatische Klassifikation KW - Maschinelles Lernen Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-15658 UR - https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000105121 SN - 2363-9881 VL - 4 IS - 1 ER - TY - THES A1 - Olbrisch, Matthias T1 - Analyse und Klassifikation der hannoverschen IT Kompetenzen in einer variablen Datenbasis N2 - Die allgemeine Digitalisierung und besonders die IT Branche in Hannover, stellen Arbeitgeber_innen und Arbeitnehmer_innen vor große Herausforderungen. Berufsbezeichnungen im IT Sektor zeichnen sich im Gegensatz zu klassischen Berufsfeldern nicht dadurch aus, dass sie vereinheitlicht sind. Unterschiedlichste Berufsbezeichnungen verlangen oftmals identische Kompetenzen. Die Kompetenzen und Fähigkeiten der Arbeitnehmer_innen stehen ebenso immer mehr im Fokus der Arbeitgeber_innen, wie die Bereitschaft der permanenten Weiterbildung. Zielgebend der vorliegenden Abschlussarbeit ist eine Datenbasis für ein kompetenzbasiertes IT Tool zu liefern, welches den Anspruch hat, die bereits beschriebenen Herausforderungen zu analysieren und zu klassifizieren. Zunächst ist daher eine Klassifikation, der auf dem hannoverschen Jobmarkt gesuchten IT Kompetenzen, zu erstellen. Vorbereitend wird eine Marktanalyse angefertigt, die sowohl Jobsuchmaschinen auf ihre Kompetenzorientierung als auch IT Kompetenzklassifikationen untersucht. Die erstellte Klassifikation bildet anschließend die Grundlage für das Kompetenzmatching zwischen Klassifikation und den Kompetenzen, die hannoversche IT Studierende erlernen, um zu verdeutlichen, in welchen Kompetenzen Weiterbildungsbedarf besteht. Die entstandene Datenbasis wird in einer MySQL Datenbank präsentiert, um eine möglichst flexible Verwendung und Weiterentwicklung des Datenbestands zu ermöglichen. KW - IT Klassifikation KW - Informationstechnik KW - Kompetenz KW - Klassifikation KW - Arbeitsmarkt KW - Hannover Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-15625 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Garmann, Robert ED - Krusche, Stephan T1 - Ein Schnittstellen-Datenmodell der Variabilität in automatisch bewerteten Programmieraufgaben T2 - Combined Proceedings of the Workshops of the German Software Engineering Conference 2018 (SE 2018), Ulm, Germany, March 06, 2018 N2 - Automatisch bewertete, variable Programmieraufgaben stellen besondere Schnittstellenanforderungen an Autobewerter (Grader) und Lernmanagementsysteme (LMS). Um Wiederverwendung von Aufgaben über Systemgrenzen hinweg zu begünstigen, schlagen wir vor, Aufgabenschablonen durch eine von allen beteiligten Systemen genutzte Middleware zu instanziieren und dabei Variabilitätsinformationen in einem Schnittstellen-Datenmodell zu transportieren. Wir stellen ein solches Datenmodell vor, welches für die Grader-unabhängige Kommunikation mit LMS ausgelegt ist und beispielhaft im Autobewerter Graja implementiert wurde. Zudem wird eine Dialogkomponente für die manuelle Werteauswahl vorgestellt, die auch bei großen Wertemengen effizient und Grader-unabhängig einsetzbar ist. Die Eignung des Dialogs und des Datenmodells wird anhand eines typischen Bewertungsszenarios diskutiert. N2 - Automatically graded, variable programming tasks put special interface requirements on auto-graders and learning management systems (LMS). To promote reuse of tasks across system boundaries, we propose that all involved systems should instantiate task templates through a middleware, while transporting variability information in an interface data model. We present such a data model, which is designed for graderindependent communication with LMS and was implemented exemplarily in the Graja auto-grader. In addition, a dialogue component for manual value selection is presented, which can be used efficiently and grader-independently, even with large value sets. We discuss the suitability of the dialogue and the data model for a typical grading scenario. KW - individuelle Programmieraufgabe KW - Grader KW - Autobewerter KW - E-Assessment KW - Variabilität KW - Programmierung KW - Computerunterstütztes Lernen KW - E-Learning KW - Übung KW - Lernmanagementsystem Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-15612 UR - http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2066/seels2018paper01.pdf SN - 1613-0073 SP - 52 EP - 56 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Disterer, Georg T1 - Professional Life of Information System Graduates : Impressions and Experiences T2 - Proceedings of the Information Science + Information Technology Education Conference, June 30 – July 4, 2019, Jerusalem, Israel N2 - Aim/Purpose: We explore impressions and experiences of Information Systems graduates during their first years of employment in the IT field. The results help to understand work satisfaction, career ambition, and motivation of junior employees. This way, the attractiveness of working in the field of IS can be increased and the shortage of junior employees reduced. Background: Currently IT professions are characterized by terms such as “shortage of professionals” and “shortage of junior employees”. To attract more people to work in IT detailed knowledge about experiences of junior employees is necessary. Methodology: Data from a large survey of 193 graduates of the degree program “Information Systems” at University of Applied Sciences and Arts Hannover (Germany) show characteristics of their professional life like work satisfaction, motivation, career ambition, satisfaction with opportunities, development and career advancement, satisfaction with work-life balance. It is also asked whether men and women gain the same experiences when entering the job market and have the same perceptions. Findings: The participants were highly satisfied with their work, but limitations or restrictions due to gender are noteworthy. Recommendations for Practitioners: The results provide information on how human resource policies can make IT professions more attractive and thus convince graduates to seek jobs in the field. For instance, improving the balance between work and various areas of private life seems promising. Also, restrictions with respect to the work climate and improving communication along several dimensions need to be considered. Future Research: More detailed research on ambition and achievement is necessary to understand gender differences. KW - professional life KW - working life KW - work satisfaction KW - work-life balance KW - information system KW - graduate KW - survey KW - gender KW - Arbeitswelt KW - Arbeitszufriedenheit KW - Informationstechnik KW - Absolvent KW - Geschlechtsunterschied KW - Beruf Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-15604 SP - 413 EP - 427 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Astrova, Irina A1 - Koschel, Arne A1 - Kobert, Sebastian A1 - Naumann, Jan A1 - Ruhe, Tobias A1 - Starodubtsev, Oleg T1 - Evaluating RuleCore as Event Processing Network Model T2 - Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technologies - Volume 1: WEBIST N2 - Our work is motivated primarily by the lack of standardization in the area of Event Processing Network (EPN) models. We identify general requirements for such models. These requirements encompass the possibility to describe events in the real world, to establish temporal and causal relationships among the events, to aggregate the events, to organize the events into a hierarchy, to categorize the events into simple or complex, to create an EPN model in an easy and simple way and to use that model ad hoc. As the major contribution, this paper applies the identified requirements to the RuleCore model. KW - Event Processing Network KW - EPN KW - Event Processing Network Model KW - RuleCore Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-15599 SN - 978-989-758-386-5 SP - 297 EP - 300 ER - TY - BOOK ED - Lüdersen, Ulrich ED - Gusig, Lars-Oliver T1 - Energie - Mobilität - Prozesse : Schriften des Forschungsclusters EMP 2019 N2 - Das Forschungscluster Energie – Mobilität – Prozesse stellt in acht Beiträgen aktuelle Ergebnisse aus laufenden Forschungsprojekten vor. Es werden Aspekte der Urbanen Logistik, der Automatisierung von Energiemanagementsystemen, der Effizienz von neuen Kältemaschinen, der Entsäuerung von Kulturgütern, der Auslastung von Pedelec-Vermietsystemen und der Reichweite von Elektrofahrzeugen behandelt. Zusätzlich werden relevante Daten in Form von 17 Diagrammen kompakt zusammengestellt. N2 - The research group energy – mobility – processes presents eight papers with recent results from ongoing research projects. Examples are given from urban logistics, automation, energy management systems, efficiency of cooling machines, deacidification of cultural assets, usage of electric-bike rental systems and the range of electric vehicles. A collection of relevant data is gathered in the form of 17 compact diagrams. T3 - Angewandte Forschung für die Welt von morgen - 1 KW - Energie KW - City-Logistik KW - Automation KW - Kälteerzeugung KW - Entsäuerung KW - Elektromobilität KW - Pedelec KW - Mini-Blockheizkraftwerk KW - Urbane Logistik KW - Mikro-Blockheizkraftwerk Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-15283 SN - 2699-3384 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Koschel, Arne A1 - Astrova, Irina A1 - Blankschyn, Maximilian A1 - Schöner, Dominik A1 - Schulze, Kevin T1 - Evaluating the RESTfulness of “APIs from the Rough” T2 - Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technologies - Volume 1: WEBIST N2 - Nowadays, REST is the most dominant architectural style of choice at least for newly created web services. So called RESTfulness is thus really a catchword for web application, which aim to expose parts of their functionality as RESTful web services. But are those web services RESTful indeed? This paper examines the RESTfulness of ten popular RESTful APIs (including Twitter and PayPal). For this examination, the paper defines REST, its characteristics as well as its pros and cons. Furthermore, Richardson's Maturity Model is shown and utilized to analyse those selected APIs regarding their RESTfulness. As an example, a simple, RESTful web service is provided as well. KW - Representational State Transfer KW - RESTful KW - Application Programming Interface KW - Richardson Maturity Model KW - REST KW - API Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-15580 SN - 978-989-758-386-5 SP - 281 EP - 288 ER - TY - BOOK ED - Bott, Oliver J. ED - Fricke, Peter ED - Priss, Uta ED - Striewe, Michael T1 - Automatisierte Bewertung in der Programmierausbildung N2 - Praktische Übungen anhand von Programmieraufgaben sind ein gängiger und zentraler Bestandteil der Programmierausbildung in der Informatik und verwandten Fächern. Die manuelle Korrektur von Lösungen zu Programmieraufgaben ist jedoch zeitaufwändig und nicht immer einfach. Gerade in Szenarien, die auf sogenanntes „formatives Assessment“ setzen, ist jedoch ein zeitnahes Feedback zumindest zu den wesentlichen Aspekten einer Lösung sehr wünschenswert. In diesem – aber auch in weiteren Szenarien – kann eine automatisierte Bewertung der Lösungen von Programmieraufgaben einen wertvollen Beitrag zur Verbesserung der Lehre leisten. Darüber hinaus ermöglichen geeignete Systeme eine Darstellung des Lernfortschritts, halten Lernende durch regelmäßig bewertete Übungsaufgaben zur kontinuierlichen Mitarbeit an und unterstützen Lehrende durch einen Überblick über Lernfortschritte und Lernhürden einzelner Studierender und der gesamten Gruppe bei der Planung und Ausrichtung ihrer Lehre. Dieses Buch richtet sich an Lehrende an Hochschulen, Schulen und anderen Ausbildungseinrichtungen, an Hochschuldidaktiker mit Bezug zur Programmierausbildung und an Informatiker, die mit der Entwicklung oder Integration von Systemen zur automatischen Programmbewertung beschäftigt sind. Die Ziele dieses Buches sind zum einen, Lehrenden die praktische Relevanz und Tauglichkeit automatisierter Programmbewertung aufzuzeigen und damit den Einsatz automatischer Programmbewertung durch die Darstellung erfolgreicher Ansätze zu fördern. Zum anderen soll dem Thema der automatisierten Programmbewertung ein größerer Bekanntheitsgrad in der Fachöffentlichkeit verschafft und Arbeitsergebnisse aus Forschungs- und Praxisprojekten einem größeren Anwenderkreis präsentiert werden. Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-156220 UR - www.waxmann.com/buch3606 SN - 978-3-8309-3606-0 PB - Waxmann CY - Münster ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Astrova, Irina A1 - Koschel, Arne A1 - Heine, Felix A1 - Kalja, Ahto T1 - Moving Hadoop to the cloud for big data analytics T2 - Databases and Information Systems X - Selected Papers from the Thirteenth International Baltic Conference, DB&IS 2018, Trakai, Lithuania, July 1-4, 2018 N2 - Hadoop is a Java-based open source programming framework, which supports the processing and storage of large volumes of data sets in a distributed computing environment. On the other hand, an overwhelming majority of organizations are moving their big data processing and storing to the cloud to take advantage of cost reduction – the cloud eliminates the need for investing heavily in infrastructures, which may or may not be used by organizations. This paper shows how organizations can alleviate some of the obstacles faced when trying to make Hadoop run in the cloud. KW - Big Data Analytics KW - Education KW - OpenStack KW - Hadoop KW - Big Data KW - Cloud Computing KW - MapReduce KW - Pregel KW - Word Counting KW - Shortest Path KW - PageRank Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-15559 SP - 195 EP - 209 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Winter, Alexander A1 - Engels, Svenja A1 - Goos, Philipp A1 - Süykers, Marie-Christin A1 - Gudenkauf, Stefan A1 - Henke, Rolf-Peter A1 - Wawroschek, Friedhelm T1 - Accuracy of Magnetometer-Guided Sentinel Lymphadenectomy after Intraprostatic Injection of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Prostate Cancer: The SentiMag Pro II Study JF - Cancers N2 - Radioisotope-guided sentinel lymph node dissection (sLND) has shown high diagnostic reliability in prostate (PCa) and other cancers. To overcome the limitations of the radioactive tracers, magnetometer-guided sLND using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) has been successfully used in PCa. This prospective study (SentiMag Pro II, DRKS00007671) determined the diagnostic accuracy of magnetometer-guided sLND in intermediate- and high-risk PCa. Fifty intermediate- or high-risk PCa patients (prostate-specific antigen (PSA) >= 10 ng/mL and/or Gleason score >= 7; median PSA 10.8 ng/mL, IQR 7.4–19.2 ng/mL) were enrolled. After the intraprostatic SPIONs injection a day earlier, patients underwent magnetometer-guided sLND and extended lymph node dissection (eLND, followed by radical prostatectomy. SLNs were detected in in vivo and in ex vivo samples. Diagnostic accuracy of sLND was assessed using eLND as the reference. SLNs were detected in all patients (detection rate 100%), with 447 sentinel lymph nodes SLNs (median 9, IQR 6–12) being identified and 966 LNs (median 18, IQR 15–23) being removed. Thirty-six percent (18/50) of patients had LN metastases (median 2, IQR 1–3). Magnetometer-guided sLND had 100% sensitivity, 97.0% specificity, 94.4% positive predictive value, 100% negative predictive value, 0.0% false negative rate, and 3.0% additional diagnostic value (LN metastases only in SLNs outside the eLND template). In vivo, one positive SLN/LN-positive patient was missed, resulting in a sensitivity of 94.4%. In conclusion, this new magnetic sentinel procedure has high accuracy for nodal staging in intermediate- and high-risk PCa. The reliability of intraoperative SLN detection using this magnetometer system requires verification in further multicentric studies. KW - Sentinel-Lymphknoten KW - lymphadenectomy KW - magnetometer KW - prostate cancer KW - sentinel lymph node dissection KW - SPION KW - superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles KW - Prostatakrebs KW - Magnetometer KW - Lymphknoten Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-15539 SN - 2072-6694 VL - 12 IS - 1 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Disterer, Georg T1 - Systematizing IT Risks JF - Journal of Information Security N2 - IT risks — risks associated with the operation or use of information technology — have taken on great importance in business, and IT risk management is accordingly important in the science and practice of information management. Therefore, it is necessary to systematize IT risks in order to plan, manage and control for different risk-specific measures. In order to choose and implement suitable measures for managing IT risks, effect-based and causebased procedures are necessary. These procedures are explained in detail for IT security risks because of their special importance. KW - Computersicherheit KW - IT Risk KW - IT Security Risk KW - IT Risk Management KW - COBIT KW - ISO 27000 Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-15547 SN - 2153-1242 IS - 10 SP - 237 EP - 249 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krause, Kim Christian A1 - Brischke, Christian A1 - Koddenberg, Tim A1 - Buschalsky, Andreas A1 - Militz, Holger A1 - Krause, Andreas T1 - Resistance of Injection Molded Wood-Polypropylene Composites against Basidiomycetes According to EN 15534-1 : New Insights on the Test Procedure, Structural Alterations, and Impact of Wood Source JF - Fibers N2 - In this study, we investigated injection molded wood-polypropylene composites based on various wood sources and their decay resistance against white rot (Trametes versicolor) and brown rot (Coniophora puteana) in a laboratory test according to EN 15534-1:2014. The manufactured composites consisted of poplar (Populus spp.), willow (Salix spp.), European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.), and a commercial wood source (Arbocel® C100), respectively. All formulations were compounded on a co-rotating twin screw extruder and subsequently injection molded to wood–PP specimens with a wood content of 60% or 70% by weight. It was found that the test procedure had a significant effect on the mechanical properties. Loss in mechanical properties was primarily caused by moisture and less by fungal decay. Moisture caused a loss in the modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity of 34 to 45% and 29 to 73%, respectively. Mean mass and wood mass losses were up to a maximum of 3.7% and 5.3%, respectively. The high resistance against fungal decay was generally attributed to the encapsulation of wood by the polymer matrix caused by sample preparation, and enhanced by reduced moisture uptake during the preconditioning procedure. Notable differences with respect to the wood particle source and decay fungi were also observed. Structural characterization confirmed the decay pattern of the fungi such as void cavities close the surface and the deposition of calcium oxalates. KW - Wood-Plastic-Composite KW - wood–polypropylene composite KW - WPC KW - EN 15534-1 KW - durability test KW - basidiomycetes KW - wood–moisture interaction KW - mechanical properties KW - x-ray micro-computed tomography KW - Mechanische Eigenschaft Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-15304 SN - 2079-6439 VL - 7 IS - 10 PB - MDPI ER - TY - CHAP ED - Robra-Bissantz, Susanne ED - Bott, Oliver J. ED - Kleinefeld, Norbert ED - Neu, Kevin ED - Zickwolf, Katharina T1 - Teaching Trends 2018 : die Präsenzhochschule und die digitale Transformation T2 - Digitale Medien in der Hochschullehre ; 7 N2 - Der Tagungsband der Teaching Trends 2018 bietet allen Leser*innen spannende Einblicke in Präsenzhochschulen, die in geschickten Szenarien verschiedene digitale Medien für den Kompetenzerwerb ihrer Studierenden nutzen. In einer breiten Sicht auf die Digitalisierung beschäftigen sich die Tagungsbeiträge mit neuen Lernformaten wie Blended Learning und Inverted Classroom, deren aktuellen rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen in DSGVO und Urheberrecht und technischen Grundlagen, z.B. in Augmented / Virtual Reality oder Audience Response. Darüber hinaus jedoch kommen übergreifende Strategien und Entwicklungskonzepte zu Wort, die die Hochschule in eine digitale Zukunft führen. In allen Bereichen berichteten die Vortragenden sowohl direkt aus ihrer Lehrpraxis als auch aus der begleitenden Forschung. Zur Abrundung der Tagung haben die Herausgeber*innen das einleitende Streitgespräch zur Bedeutung der digitalen Transformation für Universitäten, die Podiumsdiskussion zu Herausforderungen, die sich daraus für das Studium ergeben, sowie eine Keynote zur Architektur von Lernräumen zu Papier gebracht. KW - Hochschule KW - Digitalisierung Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-174556 SN - 978-3-8309-9012-3 PB - Waxmann CY - Münster ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wartena, Christian T1 - A Probabilistic Morphology Model for German Lemmatization T2 - Proceedings of the 15th Conference on Natural Language Processing (KONVENS 2019) N2 - Lemmatization is a central task in many NLP applications. Despite this importance, the number of (freely) available and easy to use tools for German is very limited. To fill this gap, we developed a simple lemmatizer that can be trained on any lemmatized corpus. For a full form word the tagger tries to find the sequence of morphemes that is most likely to generate that word. From this sequence of tags we can easily derive the stem, the lemma and the part of speech (PoS) of the word. We show (i) that the quality of this approach is comparable to state of the art methods and (ii) that we can improve the results of Part-of-Speech (PoS) tagging when we include the morphological analysis of each word. KW - Lemmatization KW - German KW - POS Tagging KW - Markov Models KW - Computerlinguistik Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-15271 SP - 40 EP - 49 ER - TY - THES A1 - Bude, Alicia T1 - Dunkle Triade und Studienerfolg N2 - Die Dunkle Triade besteht aus den Konstrukten Machiavellismus, Narzissmus sowie Psychopathie. Nachfolgend wird eine Untersuchung des Zusammenhangs zwischen den Konstrukten der Dunklen Triade und Studienerfolg berichtet. Studienerfolg wurde mittels Durchschnittsnote, Studiendauer, Kompetenzerwerb sowie Studienzufriedenheit operationalisiert und jeweils separat überprüft. Insgesamt wurden 98 Studierende der Hochschule Hannover befragt. Es konnten keine statistisch signifikanten Zusammenhänge zwischen den drei Konstrukten der Dunklen Triade und Durchschnittsnote sowie Studiendauer festgestellt werden. Ebenfalls konnten keine statistisch signifikanten Zusammenhänge zwischen Machiavellismus und Kompetenzerwerb sowie Studienzufriedenheit festgestellt werden. Auch für Narzissmus konnten keine statistisch signifikanten Zusammenhänge mit Kompetenzerwerb sowie Studienzufriedenheit festgestellt werden. Die Effekte dieser statistisch insignifikanten Ergebnisse sind in ihrer Höhe gering (r < 0,10). Als statistisch signifikant erwiesen sich die Zusammenhänge zwischen Psychopathie und Kompetenzerwerb (p = 0,01, r = -0,23) sowie zwischen Psychopathie und Studienzufriedenheit (p = 0,03, r = -0,20). T3 - Personalpsychologie - 7 KW - Dunkle Triade KW - Studienerfolg KW - Narzissmus KW - Machiavellismus KW - Psychopathie KW - Befragung Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-15268 N1 - Überarbeitete und gekürzte Version der Bachelorarbeit der Verfasserin im Bachelorstudiengang Betriebswirtschaftslehre der Hochschule Hannover. ER - TY - THES A1 - Deichmann, Kathrin T1 - Die Wirkung von CSR-Kommunikation auf Konsumenten in der Lebensmittelbranche N2 - Die Masterarbeit analysiert in einer empirischen Experimentalstudie die Wirkung von CSR-Kommunikation auf Konsumenten in der Lebensmittelbranche. Dazu wurde eine quantitative Online-Befragung durchgeführt, in der mithilfe eines fiktiven Unternehmens untersucht wurde, inwiefern CSR-Kommunikation, die Glaubwürdigkeit der CSR-Kommunikation und die Reputation des Unternehmens das CSR-Image beeinflussen. KW - Kommunikationsmanagement KW - CSR-Kommunikation KW - Lebensmittelbranche KW - Experiment KW - Corporate Social Responsibility KW - Kommunikation KW - Verbraucher KW - Befragung Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-15231 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Würger, Andreas A1 - Niemann, Karl-Heinz A1 - Fay, Alexander A1 - Gienke, Michael A1 - Paulick, Martin T1 - Integriertes Anlagenengineering zur Erhöhung der Energieeffizienz - Steuerungsprogramme automatisch aus Engineering-Daten erzeugen JF - atp Magazin N2 - Bei der Integration technischer Energiemanagementsysteme (tEnMS) in Automatisierungsanlagen fällt ein hoher Engineering-Aufwand an, besonders für die Steuerungsprogrammierung. Dieser Engineering-Aufwand ist für industrielle Anwender der Hauptgrund, integrierte tEnMS nicht einzusetzen. Im Rahmen des Forschungsprojektes „Integriertes Anlagenengineering zur Erhöhung der Energieeffizienz (IAE4)“ (Förderkennzeichen: ZN2948; Forschungsprofessur des Landes Niedersachsen/Volkswagenstiftung) wurde untersucht, wie sich dieser Engineering-Aufwand reduzieren lässt. Hierzu wurde ein Software-Werkzeug entwickelt, das die benötigten Steuerungsprogramme automatisch aus Engineering-Daten und Gerätebeschreibungsdateien generiert. Dieser Beitrag stellt die Ergebnisse des IAE4-Projektes vor. KW - Integriertes Engineering KW - Energieeffizienz KW - Automation KW - Generierung KW - Steuerung KW - Code Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-15212 SN - 2364-3137 VL - 2019 IS - 11/12 SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - THES A1 - Andresen, Amelie T1 - Reproduzierbarkeit von Studien in der Computerlinguistik N2 - Die Reproduzierbarkeit von Studien ist wichtig, um ihre Ergebnisse prüfen zu können. Auch bei Forschung, die auf frühere Ergebnisse aufbaut, wird zuweilen ein Zugang zu den alten Daten oder dem Source Code benötigt. Diese Arbeit analysiert Studien aus der Computerlinguistik hinsichtlich ihrer Reproduzierbarkeit. Zunächst werden die Begrifflichkeiten zu diesem speziellen Gebiet definiert und im folgenden Schritt wird ein Datensatz erstellt, in dem ausgewählte Open-Access-Studien aus dem Jahre 2018 auf der Basis zuvor festgelegter Kriterien bewertet werden. Diese sind unter anderem die Zugänglichkeit des benutzten Materials, der angewendeten Methoden und der Ergebnisse. Neben den Kriterien werden auch Hypothesen zu diesem Datensatz aufgestellt. Schließlich werden die Ergebnisse visualisiert und hinsichtlich besagter Hypothesen interpretiert. Basierend auf der resultierenden Auswertung sind die meisten Studien reproduzierbar. Im Ausblick werden mögliche Weiterführungen und Erweiterungen dieser Untersuchung erläutert. KW - Replizierbarkeit KW - Computerlinguistik KW - Reproduzierbarkeit Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-15175 ER - TY - THES A1 - Volkert, Fabian T1 - Fortgeschrittene Konzepte der logischen Programmierung - für Kinder einfach zugänglich via NLP N2 - In dieser Arbeit wurde an der über Google Dialogflow gesteuerten Entwicklungsumgebung für logische Programmierung "Speech and Logic IDE" (SLIDE) geforscht. Die Anwendung wurde von Dialogflow zu der Bibliothek Snips NLU überführt, damit ohne Internetanbindung gearbeitet werden kann. Als Hauptteil der Arbeit wurden die logischen Konzepte Variablen, Rekursion und Listen in die Anwendung implementiert. Es wurde eine Benennungsvorschrift eingeführt, die die Anwendung von starren Strukturen löst und es durch rekursive Verarbeitung erlaubt, beliebig komplexe Strukturen zu modellieren. Die Anwendung wurde anschließend im Rahmen der Sekundarstufe I betrachtet. Die behandelten Fragen waren: "Kann SLIDE genutzt werden, um SuS der Sekundarstufe I Wissen zu vermitteln?", "Kann SLIDE genutzt werden, um SuS der Sekundarstufe I die Konzepte Fakten und Regeln zu vermitteln?", "Kann SLIDE genutzt werden, um SuS der Sekundarstufe I die Konzepte Variablen, Rekursion und Listen zu vermitteln?", "Kann SLIDE genutzt werden, um SuS der Sekundarstufe I Wissen außerhalb der mathematischen Domäne zu vermitteln?" Dazu wurden zwei Unterrichtsbeispiele konzipiert, die sich im Deutschunterricht mit Grammatik und Lyrik auseinandersetzen, zwei Themen des niedersächsischen Kerncurriculums aus der Sekundarstufe I. Bei der Unterrichtsgestaltung wurde besonderes Augenmerk auf die neu eingeführten Konzepte gesetzt. Das zweite Unterrichtsbeispiel wurde im Rahmen einer Zusammenarbeit mit dem Projekthaus Zukunft MINT der Hochschule Hannover zweimalig mit unterschiedlichen 10. Klassen (IGS und Gymnasium) durchgeführt. Die theoretischen Ergebnisse der Arbeit zeigen, dass alle Fragen mit "Ja" beantwortet werden können. In der neuen Version von SLIDE ist es möglich die neuen Konzepte zu modellieren und es ist möglich Unterrichtsbeispiele zu konzipieren, die dieses Wissen vermitteln und sich auf Inhalte des Kerncurriculums beziehen. Die Ergebnisse der Feldexperimente in Form von Fragebögen fallen weniger aussagekräftig aus, da sich die SuS bereits am Ende der Sekundarstufe I befanden und die konzipierten Inhalte somit eine Wiederholung darstellten. Weiter muss anerkannt werden, dass viele Faktoren bei der Befragung nicht berücksichtigt werden konnten. Deswegen können aus den praktischen Versuchen keine umfassenden Schlüsse gezogen werden, eine optimistische Betrachtung zeigt ein generelles Interesse der Anwendung seitens der SuS. Die Erfahrungen legen nahe die Unterrichtsinhalte auf mehrere Unterrichtseinheiten aufzuteilen, damit die Teilnehmer mit Vorwissen an die neuen Konzepte herantreten und sich auf sie konzentrieren können. KW - Prolog KW - Android KW - Clean Architecture KW - NLU KW - Informatikunterricht KW - Speech and Logic IDE KW - SLIDE KW - Logische Programmierung Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-15161 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Josi, Frieda A1 - Wartena, Christian ED - Cuzzocrea, Alfredo ED - Bonchi, Francesco ED - Gunopulos, Dimitris T1 - Structural Analysis of Contract Renewals T2 - Proceedings of the CIKM 2018 Workshops, Torino, Italy, October 22, 2018. N2 - In the present paper we sketch an automated procedure to compare different versions of a contract. The contract texts used for this purpose are structurally differently composed PDF files that are converted into structured XML files by identifying and classifying text boxes. A classifier trained on manually annotated contracts achieves an accuracy of 87% on this task. We align contract versions and classify aligned text fragments into different similarity classes that enhance the manual comparison of changes in document versions. The main challenges are to deal with OCR errors and different layout of identical or similar texts. We demonstrate the procedure using some freely available contracts from the City of Hamburg written in German. The methods, however, are language agnostic and can be applied to other contracts as well. KW - Structural Analysis KW - Contract Analysis KW - Vertrag KW - Vergleich KW - Fassung KW - PDF KW - XML Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-15139 UR - http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2482/paper31.pdf SN - 1613-0073 ER - TY - THES A1 - Rössig, Lennard T1 - Greedy4Cep, ein Greedy-Algorithmus zum Lernen von Complex Event Processing Regeln N2 - Das Bedürfnis Daten in Echtzeit zu analysieren und auf Ereignisse zu reagieren, ist innerhalb aller Branchen in den letzten Jahren stark gestiegen. Als die Analysetechnik für Echtzeitdatenströme hat sich das Complex Event Processing (CEP) durchgesetzt. Mithilfe von Regeln lassen sich kausale, temporale und räumliche Zusammenhänge von Ereignissen definieren und durch eine CEP-Engine evaluieren. Die Konstruktion von Regeln hat sich dabei als einschränkende Faktor von CEP herausgestellt. Greedy4Cep ist ein algorithmischer Ansatz zur automatisierten Erstellung von CEP-Regeln anhand eines historischen Datenstromes. KW - Datenanalyse KW - Echtzeitverarbeitung KW - Complex Event Processing KW - CEP KW - Greedy-Algorithmus Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-15117 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Knauf, Florian A1 - Bruns, Ralf T1 - A Peek into the Swarm: Analysis of the Gravitational Search Algorithm and Recommendations for Parameter Selection T2 - GECCO'19: Proceedings of the 2019 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, Prague, Czech Republic — July 13 - 17, 2019 N2 - The Gravitational Search Algorithm is a swarm-based optimization metaheuristic that has been successfully applied to many problems. However, to date little analytical work has been done on this topic. This paper performs a mathematical analysis of the formulae underlying the Gravitational Search Algorithm. From this analysis, it derives key properties of the algorithm's expected behavior and recommendations for parameter selection. It then confirms through empirical examination that these recommendations are sound. KW - Swarm Intelligence KW - Schwarmintelligenz Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-15078 SN - 978-1-4503-6111-8 N1 - The source code for the experiments in this paper can be found at https://github.com/fknauf/gsa-a-peek-into-the-swarm . SP - 30 EP - 38 PB - The Assiciation for Computing Machinery (ACM) CY - New York ER - TY - BOOK ED - Bonse-Rohmann, Mathias ED - Raschper, Patricia ED - Wolke, Reinhold T1 - Aktuelle pflegewissenschaftliche Entwicklungen im Gesundheitswesen BT - Beiträge des wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchses der Hochschulen Hannover, Esslingen und Bielefeld N2 - Der vorliegende Sammelband hochschulischer Abschlussarbeiten, d. h. wissenschaftlich besonders ansprechende Bachelor- und Masterarbeiten und aktuelle Beiträge von ProjektmitarbeiterInnen, hat sich die Aufgabe gestellt, Beiträge des wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchses der Pflege- und Gesundheitswissenschaften aus den drei beteiligten Hochschulen Hannover, Esslingen und Bielefeld zur Diskussion zu stellen. Dabei haben die drei Herausgebenden dieser Hochschulen für angewandte Wissenschaften, die einschlägige Studiengänge für Gesundheits- und Pflegeberufe anbieten, die hier veröffentlichten Beiträge jeweils an den entsprechenden Hochschulstandorten begleitet. Zusätzlich wurden alle Beiträge auch einem wechselseitigen Review durch die drei Herausgebenden unterzogen, um abschließend eine einheitliche Formatierung von hochschulisch zwar durchaus ähnlichen ggfs. aber in den Details etwas unterschiedlichen Standards wissenschaftlichen Arbeitens in den Beiträgen umzusetzen. Im Ergebnis sind so im Zeitraum von Dezember 2017 bis Mai 2019 insgesamt 13 pflege- und gesundheitswissenschaftliche Beiträge, d. h. 14 Bachelor- und Masterarbeiten (hier drei kooperative Arbeiten von jeweils zwei AutorInnen) und zwei Drittmittelprojekte unter Beteiligung von NachwuchswissenschaftlerInnen sehr verbindlich und konzentriert bearbeitet worden, die nun hier unter einer jeweils gemeinsamen Kapitelüberschrift nach den drei Standorten kurz vorgestellt und gewürdigt werden sollen. KW - Pflegewissenschaft KW - Gesundheitswesen Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-14822 SN - 978-3-89918-267-5 PB - Jacobs CY - Lage ER - TY - THES A1 - Küster, Yannic T1 - Machine Learning mit Genetic Programming für Klassifizierungsprobleme N2 - Praktische Anwendung des evolutionären Algorithmus "Genetic Programming" auf Klassifizierungsprobleme sowie Erläuterung der Grundlagen und Probleme des Algorithmus. KW - Genetic Programming KW - Klassifizierung KW - Genetische Programmierung KW - Evolutionärer Algorithmus KW - Klassifikation Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-14758 ER - TY - THES A1 - Dangendorf, Kilian T1 - Entwurf und Implementierung eines Konverters für Aufgaben von LON-CAPA nach Moodle-STACK N2 - An der Hochschule Hannover soll die Lernplattform LON-CAPA von Moodle-STACK abgelöst werden. Dazu werden Aufgaben von LON-CAPA nach Moodle-STACK konvertiert. Durch die Entwicklung eines Konverters kann ein großer Teil dieser Arbeit automatisiert erfolgen. Aufgrund der potentiellen Komplexität von LON-CAPA-Aufgaben ist nicht jede Aufgabe in vollem Umfang zu übersetzen und eine manuelle Nacharbeit notwendig. In dieser Arbeit werden die LON-CAPA-Antworttypen numerical, formula und math response analysiert. Es wird untersucht, wie LON-CAPA-Aufgabenelemente einzeln umgewandelt werden können und welche Parameter im Moodle-STACK-Format gesetzt werden müssen, um eine äquivalente Aufgabe in Moodle-STACK zu erhalten. Die technische Umsetzung erfolgt in Java. Der modulare Aufbau sieht Wartbarkeit und Weiterentwicklung vor. Auf GitHub steht die Implementierung unter der GPL (GNU General Public License) zur Verfügung: https://github.com/kiliandangendorf/lc2mdl KW - LON-CAPA KW - Moodle KW - Moodle-STACK KW - Umsetzung KW - Java KW - Lernsoftware KW - Konverter Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-14584 ER - TY - THES A1 - Stellmann, Nina T1 - Open Access als Aufgabenbereich medizinischer Bibliotheken N2 - Das wissenschaftliche Publikationswesen befindet sich in einem Transformationsprozess, weg von der Bezahlung des lesenden Zugriffs durch den Kauf von Lizenzen durch Bibliotheken, hin zu der Vergütung der Verlagsleistungen durch Publikationsgebühren. Ziel ist der freie Zugang zu Forschungsergebnissen in wissenschaftlichen Publikationen und den dazugehörigen Forschungsdaten. Dieser freie Zugang zu wissenschaftlicher Literatur wird weltweit, unter dem Begriff Open Access gefördert und vorangebracht. Veränderungen in der Wissenschaft bedeuten auch immer Änderungen in den Arbeitsabläufen und im Aufgabenbereich wissenschaftlicher Bibliotheken. Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Fragestellung, welche Angebote medizinische Fachbibliotheken in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz den Wissenschaftlern ihrer Institution im Bereich des Open Access Publizierens bieten. Aufbauend auf den Ergebnissen einer Webseitenanalyse, werden Handlungsempfehlungen für die Ärztliche Zentralbibliothek im Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf für den Aufbau von Publikationsdiensten, insbesondere für Open Access, erstellt. KW - Wissenschaftliches Publizieren KW - Publikationswesen KW - Open Access KW - Medizinische Bibliothek KW - Spezialbibliothek Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-14563 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ibeneme, Sam A1 - Ezeigwe, Chinenye A1 - Ibeneme, Georgian C. A1 - Ezuma, Amarachi A1 - Okoye, Ifeoma A1 - Nwankwo, Joseph M. T1 - Response of Gait Output and Handgrip Strength to Changes in Body Fat Mass in Pre- and Postmenopausal Women JF - Current Therapeutic Research N2 - Background: Available preliminary data on menopause does not relate changes in body fat mass (BFM) and handgrip strength (HGS) (an indicator of body/muscle strength) to gait parameters. Objective: To determine the relationship between BFM, HGS and gait parameters, namely, stride length (SL) (an indicator of walking balance/postural stability), stride frequency (SF), and velocity (V) (gait out- put), to guide gait training. Methods: Ninety consenting (45 postmenopausal and 45 premenopausal) female staffof the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, were randomly selected and assessed for BFM and HGS with a hydration monitor and dynamometer, respectively, in an observational study. The mean of 2 trials of the number of steps and time taken to cover a 10-m distance at normal speed was used to calculate SF, SL, and V. Data were analyzed using an independent t test and a Pearson correlation coefficient at P < 0.05. Results: Premenopausal (BFM = 42.93% [12.61%], HGS = 27.89 [7.52] kg, stride ratio = 1.43, and velocity = 1.04 [0.01] m/sec) and postmenopausal (BFM = 41.55% [12.71%], HGS = 30.91 [7.07] kg, stride ratio = 1.44, and velocity = 1.06 [0.01] m/sec) women showed no significant differences in gait output/velocity ( t = 0.138; P = 0.89; d = 0.029). At postmenopause, BFM was significantly and negatively ( r = –0.369; r 2 = 0.1362; P = 0.013) correlated with SL, whereas HGS was positively and significantly ( r = 0.323; r 2 = 0.104; P = 0.030) correlated with gait output at premenopause. Conclusions: BFM may adversely influence walking balance at postmenopause, whereas HGS may enhance gait output at premenopause but not postmenopause. Therefore, muscle strengthening alone may not enhance gait output in postmenopausal women without balance training. KW - body fat mass KW - gait output KW - hand grip strength KW - menopause KW - stride ratio KW - Körperfett KW - Prämenopause KW - Postmenopause Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-14547 SN - 0011-393X VL - 90 SP - 92 EP - 98 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schnoor, Antje T1 - Transformational Ethics: The Concept of Obedience in Post-Conciliar Jesuit Thinking JF - Religions N2 - The paper sheds light on the change in the concept of obedience within the Society of Jesus since the 1960s. In the aftermath of the Second Vatican Council, a so-called crisis of authority and obedience took place in the Catholic Church and the religious orders. As a consequence, the notions of responsibility and conscience came to the fore in the Jesuit definition of obedience. The religious concept of obedience, that is the obedience towards God, was reassessed as a service to humanity. The paper analyzes how the change in the concept of obedience gave rise to the promotion of social justice, which the Society of Jesus proclaimed at General Congregation 32 in 1974/75. By including the promotion of social justice into their central mission, Jesuits not only fundamentally transformed their self-conception, but also their ethical values. The paper argues that the pursuit of social justice became a form of religious obedience. KW - Gehorsam KW - obedience KW - ethics KW - Jesuits KW - social justice KW - intellectual history KW - conceptual history KW - authority KW - identity, Catholic Church KW - Ethik KW - Jesuiten KW - Soziale Gerechtigkeit KW - Geistesgeschichte KW - Autorität KW - Katholische Kirche KW - Identität Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-14537 SN - 2077-1444 VL - 10 IS - 5 PB - MDPI ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hoh, Markus A1 - Niemann, Karl-Heinz T1 - Beitrag von Feldgeräten der Zukunft zur Anlagensicherheit (OT Security) T2 - 20. Leitkongress der Mess- und Automatisierungstechnik, AUTOMATION 2019, Autonomous Systems and 5G in Connected Industries; Baden-Baden, 02. und 03. Juli 2019 N2 - Dieser Beitrag adressiert einleitend die aktuelle Bedrohungslage aus Sicht der Industrie mit einem Fokus auf das Feld und die Feldgeräte. Zentral wird dann die Frage behandelt, welchen Beitrag Feldgeräte im Kontext von hoch vernetzten Produktionsanlagen für die künftige IT-Sicherheit leisten können und müssen. Unter anderem werden auf Basis der bestehenden Standards wie IEC 62443-4-1, IEC 62443-4-2 oder der VDI 2182-1 und VDI 2182-4 ausgewählte Methoden und Maßnahmen am Beispiel eines Durchflussmessgerätes vorgestellt, die zur künftigen Absicherung von Feldgeräten notwendig sind. KW - Cyber-Security KW - OT-Security KW - Feldgeräte Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-13949 SN - 978-3-18-092351-2 SN - 0083-5560 SP - 141 EP - 153 PB - VDI-Verlag CY - Düsseldorf ER - TY - THES A1 - Timme, Jan Philipp T1 - Konzeption und Umsetzung eines IPv6-VPN für die Abteilung Informatik N2 - Im Rahmen dieser Masterarbeit soll ein IPv6-fähiges VPN für die Abteilung Informatik der Fakultät IV der Hochschule Hannover konzipiert und umgesetzt werden. Im Rahmen der Softwareauswahl fällt die Wahl auf OpenVPN. Als Authentisierungsmethode werden X.509-Zertifikate gewählt. KW - VPN KW - IPv6 KW - Virtuelles privates Netzwerk KW - IP 6 KW - OpenVPN Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-14182 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Garmann, Robert T1 - Ein Datenformat für variable Programmieraufgaben N2 - Automatisiert bewertbare Programmieraufgaben dienen Studierenden zum Einüben von Programmierfertigkeiten. Die Verfügbarkeit von mehreren verschiedenen Aufgaben, die denselben Stoff abdecken, ist für verschiedene Zwecke hilfreich. Eine Programmieraufgabe lässt sich durch Einführung von Variationspunkten variabel gestalten. Die hierbei entstehende Aufgabenschablone ist Ausgangsbasis der sogenannten Materialisierung, der automatischen Generierung konkreter Aufgaben. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt ein Datenmodell mit dem Ziel vor, sowohl die Auswahl von Variationspunktwerten als auch die automatische Materialisierung auf verschiedenen Systemen in verschiedenen Programmiersprachen zu unterstützen. Das vorgeschlagene Datenformat ermöglicht Lernmanagementsystemen die Unterstützung variabler Programmieraufgaben bei gleichzeitiger Unkenntnis des eingesetzten Autobewerters. KW - individuelle Programmieraufgaben KW - ProFormA KW - Autobewerter KW - E-Assessment KW - automatisierte Bewertung KW - Programmierung KW - E-Learning KW - Computerunterstütztes Lernen KW - XML KW - Übung KW - Lernaufgabe Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-13972 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Niemann, Karl-Heinz T1 - EMC-compliant installation of automation networks T2 - atp magazin N2 - The topic of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) remains an important aspect during the planning, installation and operation of automation systems. Communication networks, such as PROFIBUS and PROFINET, are known to be robust and reliable transmission systems. Nevertheless, it is important that a number of fundamental principles needs to be observed to ensure fault-free operation over a long plant lifetime. This paper first describes a number of principles of EMC. On the basis of these principles, six recommendations for action are then developed which are to be observed during the planning of an automation system for use in the manufacturing industry. Finally, an overview is provided of future work for systems in the process industry. T2 - Automatisierungsnetzwerke EMV-gerecht installieren KW - electromagnetic compatibility KW - EMC KW - equipotential bonding KW - Profinet KW - Elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit KW - PROFIBUS KW - Potentialausgleich Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-13589 SN - 2364-3137 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 9 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Charbonnier, Jean A1 - Wartena, Christian ED - Dobnik, Simon ED - Chatzikyriakidis, Stergios ED - Demberg, Vera T1 - Predicting Word Concreteness and Imagery T2 - Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Computational Semantics - Long Papers N2 - Concreteness of words has been studied extensively in psycholinguistic literature. A number of datasets have been created with average values for perceived concreteness of words. We show that we can train a regression model on these data, using word embeddings and morphological features, that can predict these concreteness values with high accuracy. We evaluate the model on 7 publicly available datasets. Only for a few small subsets of these datasets prediction of concreteness values are found in the literature. Our results clearly outperform the reported results for these datasets. KW - Concreteness KW - Imagery KW - Distributional Semantics KW - Lexical Semantics KW - Konkretum Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-13591 UR - https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W19-0415 SP - 176 EP - 187 PB - Association for Computational Linguistics CY - Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Heber, Frank A1 - Seibold, Sven A1 - Schäffer, Angelika T1 - Hannoversche Korruptionsskala Österreich-Version (HKS 38 Ö) N2 - Mit der Hannoverschen Korruptionsskala Österreich-Version (kurz: HKS 38 Ö) kann die Einstellung zu Korruption gemessen werden. Die HKS 38 Ö ist eine Adaption der Hannoverschen Korruptionsskala (kurz: HKS 38) für den österreichischen Sprachraum. Die testtheoretische Überprüfung der HKS 38 Ö wird unter anderem in diesem Manual beschrieben. Die HKS 38 Ö umfasst 38 Items, die den Einstellungskomponenten kognitiv, affektiv und konativ zugeordnet werden können. Innerhalb dieses Manuals werden drei Datenerhebungen geschildert. In der ersten Datenerhebung (n = 1.617) wurde geprüft, ob die HKS 38 grundsätzlich für eine Anwendung in Österreich geeignet ist und ähnlich zuverlässige Messungen wie in Deutschland ermöglicht. Die Erfahrungen aus der ersten Datenerhebung – insbesondere die Hinweise von Testpersonen zur sprachlichen Verständlichkeit – führten zur Erstellung der HKS 38 Ö. Die HKS 38 Ö wurde im Rahmen einer zweiten Datenerhebung entsprechend der klassischen Testtheorie überprüft und auf Basis einer bevölkerungsrepräsentativen Telefonbefragung in Österreich (n ≈ 867) normiert. Neu im Vergleich zur ersten Auflage des Manuals ist die dritte Datenerhebung, in der die HKS 38 Ö für eine Befragung von Polizeischülern (n = 1.455) verwendet wurde. Auch die Daten der dritten Erhebung wurden testtheoretisch überprüft. Die HKS 38 Ö eignet sich zur Befragung von Testpersonen ab einem Alter von 18 Jahren. T3 - Personalpsychologie - 6 KW - Fragebogen KW - Messinstrument KW - Kontraproduktivität KW - Einstellung KW - Korruption KW - Skala Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-13566 ET - 2. Auflage ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wallis, Jonathan K. A1 - Krömker, Volker A1 - Paduch, Jan-Hendrik T1 - Biofilm Challenge: Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Bovine Udders versus Staphylococci JF - Foods N2 - Mastitis poses a considerable threat to productivity and to animal welfare on modern dairy farms. However, the common way of antibiotic treatment does not always lead to a cure. Unsuccessful cures can, among other reasons, occur due to biofilm formation of the causative agent. This has attracted interest from researchers to introduce promising alternative therapeutic approaches, such as the use of beneficial lactic acid bacteria (LAB). In fact, using LAB for treating mastitis probably requires the formation of a beneficial biofilm by the probiotic bacteria. The present study investigated the ability of five LAB strains, selected on the basis of results from previous studies, to remove and to replace pathogenic biofilms in vitro. For this purpose, Staphylococcus (S.) aureus ATCC 12,600 and two strains—S. xylosus (35/07) and S. epidermidis (575/08)—belonging to the group of coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) were allowed to form biofilms in a 96-well plate. Subsequently, the LAB were added to the well. The biofilm challenge was evaluated by scraping off and suspending the biofilm cells, followed by a plate count of serial dilutions using selective media. All the LAB strains successfully removed the staphylococcal biofilms. However, only Lactobacillus (L.) rhamnosus ATCC 7469 and L. plantarum 2/37 formed biofilms of their own to replace the pathogenic ones. KW - lactic acid bacteria KW - biofilm KW - probiotic potential KW - staphylococci KW - mastitis KW - Brustdrüsenentzündung KW - Biofilm KW - Milchsäurebakterien KW - Staphylococcaceae Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-13526 SN - 2304-8158 VL - 2019 IS - 8(2) ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ibeneme, Sam Chidi A1 - Irem, Franklin Onyedinma A1 - Iloanusi, Nneka Ifeyinwa A1 - Ezuma, Amarachi Destiny A1 - Ezenwankwo, Fortune Elochukwu A1 - Okere, Philip Chinedu A1 - Nnamani, Amaka Obiageli A1 - Ezeofor, Salome Nwaelom A1 - Dim, Ngozi Regina A1 - Fortwengel, Gerhard T1 - Impact of physical exercises on immune function, bone mineral density, and quality of life in people living with HIV/AIDS: a systematic review with meta-analysis JF - BMC Infectious Diseases N2 - Background: Compromised immune function, associated with human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infection, is improved by antiretroviral therapy (ART) which also decreases bone mineral density (BMD), and possibly the quality of life (QoL). However, physical (aerobic/resistance) exercises, were reported to induce reverse effects in uninfected individuals and were appraised in the literature for evidence of similar benefits in people living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHA). The main study objective was to evaluate the impact of physical (aerobic and resistance) exercises on CD4+ count, BMD and QoL in PLWHA. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using the Cochrane Collaboration protocol. Searching databases, up to June 2017, only randomized control trials investigating the effects of either aerobic, resistance or a combination of both exercise types with a control/other intervention(s) for a period of at least 4 weeks among adults living with HIV, were included. Two independent reviewers determined the eligibility of the studies. Data were extracted and risk of bias (ROB) was assessed with the Cochrane Collaboration ROB tool. Meta-analyses were conducted using random effect models using the Review Manager (RevMan) computer software. Results: Nineteen studies met inclusion criteria(n = 491 participants at study completion) comprising male and female with age range 22–66 years. Two meta-analyses across 13 sub-group comparisons were performed. However, there were no RCTs on the impact of physical exercises on BMD in PLWHA. The result showed no significant change in CD4+ count unlike a significant effect of 5.04 point (95%CI:-8.49,-3.74,p = 0.00001) for role activity limitation due to physical health (QoL sub-domain). Overall, the GRADE evidence for this review was of moderate quality. Conclusions: There was evidence that engaging in moderate intensity aerobic exercises (55–85% Maximum heart rate-MHR), for 30–60 min, two to five times/week for 6–24 weeks significantly improves role activity limitation due to physical health problems, otherwise physical(aerobic or/and resistance) exercises have no significant effects on CD4+ count and other domains of QoL. Also, there is lack of evidence on the impact of exercises on BMD in PLWHA due to the paucity of RCTs. The moderate grade evidence for this review suggests that further research may likely have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effects and may change the estimate. KW - Aerobic exercise KW - Resistance exercise KW - CD4+ cell count KW - Quality of Life KW - Systematic review KW - HIV KW - Aerobes Training KW - Lebensqualität KW - Krafttraining Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-13518 SN - 1471-2334 VL - 2019 IS - 19:340 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bertram, Jutta T1 - Informationsmanager auf dem Arbeitsmarkt. Ergebnisse einer Absolventenbefragung der Hochschule Hannover T1 - Labour market for information professionals – A graduate survey by the University of Applied Sciences and Arts Hanover T1 - Des gestionnaires de l’information sur le marché du travail – résultats d'un sondage auprès des diplômés de la Hochschule Hannover JF - Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis (IWP) N2 - Anlässlich einer bevorstehenden Curriculumsrevision führte der Bachelorstudiengang Informationsmanagement der Hochschule Hannover im März 2016 eine Studie unter all seinen bisherigen Absolventen durch (Abschlussjahrgänge 2008 bis 2015). Bei einer Grundgesamtheit von 303 Personen antworteten 200 (66%). Die Ergebnisse enthalten ein retrospektives Feedback auf das Studium und skizzieren die Strukturreform, die daraus als Konsequenz erwächst. Zudem geben sie Aufschluss über Berufseinmündung und Berufsverlauf der Alumni und umfassen Eckdaten über ihr erstes und aktuelles Beschäftigungsverhältnis. Der Übergang vom Studium in den Beruf gestaltet sich bei dem Gros der Befragten problemlos. Ein Drittel der Alumni schließt ein Masterstudium an. Zum Befragungszeitpunkt liegt die Beschäftigungsquote bei 96%. Davon arbeiten 64 % unbefristet. Die thematische Breite des IM-Curriculums spiegelt sich in einer Vielfalt von Branchen und Tätigkeiten wider, die die Alumni mit ihrem aktuellen Beschäftigungsverhältnis abdecken. Die Befragten äußern insgesamt eine große Zufriedenheit mit ihrer beruflichen Entwicklung, allerdings hätten sie sich im Studium mehr Orientierung und größere Wahlfreiheit bei der Fächerbelegung gewünscht. Das revidierte Curriculum wird deshalb mehr Verbindlichkeit und zugleich größere Flexibilität bei der Schwerpunktwahl vorsehen. N2 - On the occasion of a forthcoming curriculum revision the bachelor’s study programme Information Management (IM) conducted a survey among all its previous graduates (graduation years 2008 - 2015) in March 2016 with 200 respondents based on a population of 303 people (response rate of 66%). The results contain a retrospective feedback on the study programme and as a result, the reform of its structure. Besides they present basic dates concerning the graduates’ career entry, job history and employment. Most of the graduates switch to their first employment without any problem. One-third adds a master’s programme. 96% of the graduates currently are employed, 64% of them open-ended. The subject variety of IM’s curriculum corresponds with a large range of sectors and fields of activities covered by the graduates. Altogether they are rather satisfied with their studies but claim more orientation and freedom regarding the choice of elective subjects. In this regard the revised curriculum will therefore provide more binding character and flexibility at the same time. N2 - À l'occasion d'une révision du programme, les bacheliers en gestion de l'information de la Hochschule Hannover ont réalisé en mars 2016 une étude parmi tous les diplômés (années 2008 à 2015). Sur une population de 303 personnes, 200 (66 %) ont répondu. Les résultats contiennent une évaluation rétrospective des études et décrivent les réformes structurelles qui en découlent. En plus, ils fournissent des informations sur les débuts professionnelles des diplômés et des données essentielles sur leur premier emploi et leur métier actuel. La transition de l'école au travail se fait pour la majorité des répondants assez facilement. Un tiers des diplômés ajoute une maîtrise au baccalauréat. Au moment de l'enquête, le taux d'emploi est de 96 %. 64 % des répondants ont un travail à durée indéterminée. La gamme thématique du programme de la gestion de l’information se reflète dans la variété des activités que les anciens couvrent dans leurs emplois actuels.En général, les répondants expriment un niveau de satisfaction élevé quant à leur développement professionnel, bien qu’ils aient aimé recevoir plus de conseils d’orientation et un plus grand choix dans les matières d'étude. Le programme révisé prévoit donc plus d’obligations et en même temps plus de flexibilité dans le choix des matières principales KW - Absolventenbefragung KW - Hochschule Hannover KW - Informationswissenschaft KW - Bibliothekswissenschaft KW - Hochschulausbildung KW - Absolvent KW - Befragung KW - Informations- und Dokumentationswissenschaft KW - Berufsaussicht KW - Hochschule Hannover. Fakultät III - Medien, Information und Design Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-13506 UR - https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/iwp.2017.68.issue-1/iwp-2017-0021/iwp-2017-0021.xml VL - 68 IS - 1 SP - 47 EP - 57 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ammenwerth, Elske A1 - Knaup, Petra A1 - Winter, Alfred A1 - Bauer, Axel W. A1 - Bott, Oliver J. A1 - Gietzelt, Matthias A1 - Haarbrandt, Birger A1 - Hackl, Werner O. A1 - Hellrung, Nils A1 - Hübner-Bloder, Gudrun A1 - Jahn, Franziska A1 - Jaspers, Monique W. A1 - Kutscha, Ulrike A1 - Machan, Christoph A1 - Oppermann, Bianca A1 - Pilz, Jochen A1 - Schwartze, Jonas A1 - Seidel, Christoph A1 - Slot, Jan-Eric A1 - Smers, Stefan A1 - Spitalewsky, Katharina A1 - Steckel, Nathalie A1 - Strübing, Alexander A1 - van der Haak, Minne A1 - Haux, Reinhold A1 - ter Burg, Willem J. T1 - On Teaching International Courses on Health Information Systems JF - Methods of Information in Medicine N2 - Background: Health information systems (HIS) are one of the most important areas for biomedical and health informatics. In order to professionally deal with HIS well-educated informaticians are needed. Because of these reasons, in 2001 an international course has been established: The Frank – van Swieten Lectures on Strategic Information Management of Health Information Systems. Objectives: Reporting about the Frank – van Swieten Lectures and about our students‘ feedback on this course during the last 16 years. Summarizing our lessons learned and making recommendations for such international courses on HIS. Methods: The basic concept of the Frank – van Swieten lectures is to teach the theoretical background in local lectures, to organize practical exercises on modelling sub-information systems of the respective local HIS and finally to conduct Joint Three Days as an international meeting were the resulting models are introduced and compared. Results: During the last 16 years, the Universities of Amsterdam, Braunschweig, Heidelberg/Heilbronn, Leipzig as well as UMIT were involved in running this course. Overall, 517 students from these universities participated. Our students‘ feedback was clearly positive. The Joint Three Days of the Frank – van Swieten Lectures, where at the end of the course all students can meet, turned out to be an important component of this course. Based on the last 16 years, we recommend common teaching materials, agreement on equivalent clinical areas for the exercises, support of group building of international student groups, motivation of using a collaboration platform, ensuring quality management of the course, addressing different levels of knowledge of the students, and ensuring sufficient funding for joint activities. Conclusions: Although associated with considerable additional efforts, we can clearly recommend establishing such international courses on HIS, such as the Frank – van Swieten Lectures. KW - Education KW - Strategic Information Management KW - Health Information Systems KW - Medical Informatics KW - Biomedical Informatics KW - Health Informatics KW - Gesundheitsinformationssystem KW - Kurs KW - Feedback Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-13483 VL - 2017 IS - 56(S 01) SP - e39 EP - e48 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Albrecht, Urs-Vito A1 - Afshar, Kambiz A1 - Illiger, Kristin A1 - Becker, Stefan A1 - Hartz, Tobias A1 - Breil, Bernhard A1 - Wichelhaus, Daniel A1 - von Jan, Ute T1 - Expectancy, usage and acceptance by general practitioners and patients: exploratory results from a study in the German outpatient sector JF - Digital Health N2 - Objective The study’s objective was to assess factors contributing to the use of smart devices by general practitioners (GPs) and patients in the health domain, while specifically addressing the situation in Germany, and to determine whether, and if so, how both groups differ in their perceptions of these technologies. Methods GPs and patients of resident practices in the Hannover region, Germany, were surveyed between April and June 2014. A total of 412 GPs in this region were invited by email to participate via an electronic survey, with 50 GPs actually doing so (response rate 12.1%). For surveying the patients, eight regional resident practices were visited by study personnel (once each). Every second patient arriving there (inclusion criteria: of age, fluent in German) was asked to take part (paper-based questionnaire). One hundred and seventy patients participated; 15 patients who did not give consent were excluded. Results The majority of the participating patients (68.2%, 116/170) and GPs (76%, 38/50) owned mobile devices. Of the patients, 49.9% (57/116) already made health-related use of mobile devices; 95% (36/38) of the participating GPs used them in a professional context. For patients, age (P < 0.001) and education (P < 0.001) were significant factors, but not gender (P > 0.99). For doctors, neither age (P = 0.73), professional experience (P > 0.99) nor gender (P = 0.19) influenced usage rates. For patients, the primary use case was obtaining health (service)-related information. For GPs, interprofessional communication and retrieving information were in the foreground. There was little app-related interaction between both groups. Conclusions GPs and patients use smart mobile devices to serve their specific interests. However, the full potentials of mobile technologies for health purposes are not yet being taken advantage of. Doctors as well as other care providers and the patients should work together on exploring and realising the potential benefits of the technology. KW - mHealth KW - general practitioners KW - acceptance KW - smartphone KW - tablet KW - mobile health KW - digital divide KW - Smart Device KW - Hausarzt KW - Patient KW - Akzeptanz Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-13471 VL - 2017 SP - 1 EP - 22 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Limaye, Dnyanesh A1 - Saeed, Farah A1 - Ahmad, Mansoor A1 - Pitani, Ravi Shankar A1 - Fortwengel, Gerhard T1 - Self-medication practices among university students from Karachi, Pakistan JF - International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health N2 - Background: Self-medication, practiced globally is an important public health problem. Research studies have indicated inappropriate self‐medication results in adverse drug reactions, disease masking, antibiotic resistance and wastage of healthcare resources. The objectives of the study were to explore overall self-medication and antibiotic self-medication prevalence among students of university students in Karachi, Pakistan along with probable reasons, indications, and sources of advice for self-medication. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was carried out among students from university of Karachi, Pakistan during the time period of September to November 2016. Pretested questionnaire was distributed to 320 students, collected data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 24. Results: From 320 students, 311 (83 male and 228 female) students participated in the study giving a response rate of 97%. Prevalence of self-medication was 66%. Belonging to higher monthly family income group was associated with likelihood of self-medication. Antibiotic self-medication prevalence was 39%. Lack of time (39%), and old prescription (35%) were the main reasons for self-medication. Pharmacy shop (75%) was the main source for self-medication. In case of antibiotics, 44% students changed the dosage of antibiotic and 50% students stopped antibiotics after the disappearance of the symptoms. Conclusions: Antibiotic self-medication (39%) and self-medication with other drugs among university students of Karachi is a worrisome problem. Our findings highlight the need for planning interventions to promote the judicious use of general medicines as well as that of antibiotics. KW - Self-medication KW - Antibiotics KW - Antibiotic resistance KW - Karachi KW - Pakistan KW - Students KW - Selbstmedikation KW - Antibiotikum KW - Resistenz KW - Student Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-13468 SN - 2394-6040 VL - 2017 IS - 4(9) SP - 3076 EP - 3081 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beißner, Stefan A1 - Thies, Jan-Wilhelm A1 - Bechthold, Christopher A1 - Kuhn, Philipp A1 - Thürmann, Bettina A1 - Dübel, Stefan A1 - Dietzel, Andreas T1 - Low-cost, in-liquid measuring system using a novel compact oscillation circuit and quartz-crystal microbalances (QCMs) as a versatile biosensor platform JF - Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems N2 - Quartz-crystal microbalances (QCMs) are commercially available mass sensors which mainly consist of a quartz resonator that oscillates at a characteristic frequency, which shifts when mass changes due to surface binding of molecules. In addition to mass changes, the viscosity of gases or liquids in contact with the sensor also shifts the resonance but also influences the quality factor (Q-factor). Typical biosensor applications demand operation in liquid environments leading to viscous damping strongly lowering Q-factors. For obtaining reliable measurements in liquid environments, excellent resonator control and signal processing are essential but standard resonator circuits like the Pierce and Colpitts oscillator fail to establish stable resonances. Here we present a lowcost, compact and robust oscillator circuit comprising of state-of-the-art commercially available surface-mount technology components which stimulates the QCMs oscillation, while it also establishes a control loop regulating the applied voltage. Thereby an increased energy dissipation by strong viscous damping in liquid solutions can be compensated and oscillations are stabilized. The presented circuit is suitable to be used in compact biosensor systems using custom-made miniaturized QCMs in microfluidic environments. As a proof of concept we used this circuit in combination with a customized microfabricated QCM in a microfluidic environment to measure the concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP) in buffer (PBS) down to concentrations as low as 5 μgmL -1. KW - Quarz KW - Mikrowaage KW - Biosensor KW - Oszillatorschaltung Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-13455 VL - 2017 IS - 6(2) SP - 341 EP - 350 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Garmann, Robert T1 - Ein Format für Bewertungsvorschriften in automatisiert bewertbaren Programmieraufgaben N2 - Automatisiert bewertbare Programmieraufgaben definieren Tests, die auf Einreichungen angewendet werden. Da Testergebnisse nicht mit Bewertungsergebnissen gleichzusetzen sind, schlagen wir ein Beschreibungsformat vor, das Testergebnisse auf Bewertungsergebnisse abbildet. Lehrkräfte können die Abbildungsvorschrift an ihren Lehrkontext anpassen. Der Vorschlag ist unabhängig von den beteiligten Autobewertern, von den eingesetzten Benutzungsschnittstellen und von der zu lernenden Programmiersprache einsetzbar. Das Format basiert auf verschachtelten Bewertungskategorien, welche um ein Nullifikationen-Konzept ergänzt werden. Letzteres sucht einen Ausgleich im Spannungsfeld zwischen einem für Studierende einfach verständlichen Bewertungsergebnis und den Eigenarten der eigentlich nicht für Bewertungszwecke erfundenen, nichtsdestotrotz regelmäßig und sinnvollerweise für Bewertungszwecke eingesetzten Softwarewerkzeuge. KW - E-Assessment KW - Programmieraufgabe KW - ProFormA KW - Bewertungsschema KW - Softwaretest KW - Programmierung KW - E-Learning KW - Computerunterstütztes Lernen KW - XML KW - Übung KW - Lernaufgabe Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-13432 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Limaye, Dnyanesh A1 - Naik, Pooja A1 - Varekar, Tejal A1 - Salunkhe, Priyanka A1 - Shah, Chaitali A1 - Sydymanov, Arlan A1 - Limaye, Vaidehi A1 - Pitani, Ravi Shankar A1 - Sathe, Sushama A1 - Kapadi, Atul A1 - Fortwengel, Gerhard T1 - Knowledge and attitude towards voluntary blood donation among students from Mumbai University JF - International Journal of Scientific Reports N2 - Background: Blood is scarce; its demand far outweighs the supply. In addition to limited supply, the issue of safety especially with regard to the risk of transfusion transmissible infection is also an issue of utmost concern especially in the developing countries. Blood transfusion services in India have gained special significance in recent years and forms a vital part of national health care system. Voluntary Non-Remunerated Blood Donation (VNRBD) is the safest of all types of blood donations. One of the potential sources that can be tapped for blood donation is the young and physically fit students from educational institutions across India. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among students from Mumbai University, India during May–June 2017. Two hundred and fifty students were approached to participate in the study of which 201 agreed to participate (males: 104; females: 97). Pretested questionnaire was distributed and collected data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23. Results: High number of participants agreed about encouraging general public about voluntary blood donation (96%; 193/201), lack of awareness about VBD in general public (82%; 164/201). But not a single participant was able to respond to the knowledge part of the questionnaire with 100% accuracy. Almost all the participants had correct knowledge about blood groups (98%; 196/201) and blood matching need (195/201; 97%). Conclusions: Participants showed good attitude but demonstrated poor knowledge about voluntary blood donation. Details about blood donation should be incorporated in the undergraduate curriculum and periodic awareness programs should be organized for students. KW - Voluntary blood donation KW - University students KW - Knowledge KW - Attitude KW - Mumbai KW - Blutspende KW - Wissen KW - Einstellung KW - Student KW - Indien KW - India Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-13413 SN - 2454-2164 VL - 2018 IS - 4(6) SP - 142 EP - 146 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Limaye, Dnyanesh A1 - Limaye, Vaidehi A1 - Fortwengel, Gerhard A1 - Krause, Gerard T1 - Self-medication practices in urban and rural areas of western India: a cross sectional study JF - International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health N2 - Background: Concerns about practice of self-medication (SM) world across are based on associated risks such as adverse reactions, disease masking, increased morbidity, wastage of resources and antibiotic resistance. SM is likely to differ between rural and urban areas of India. Systematically retrieved evidence on these differences are required in order to design targeted measures for improvement. Methods: We conducted a cross sectional study among the general population in urban (Matunga) and rural (Tala) areas of Maharashtra, India to explore SM practices and its associated factors. Face to face interviews were conducted using the validated study questionnaire. Data was analyzed by using descriptive and analytical statistical methods. Results: A total of 1523 inhabitants from 462 households were interviewed between [June/2015] and [August /2015], 778 (51%) of them in rural and 745 (49%) in urban areas. Overall self-medication prevalence was 29.1% (urban; 51.5%, rural; 7.7%, OR 12.7, CI 9.4-17.2) in the study participants. Participants having chronic disease (OR: 3.15, CI: 2.07-4.79) and from urban areas (OR:15.38, CI:8.49-27.85) were more likely to self-medicate. Self-medication practices were characterized by having old prescription (41.6%) as the main reason, fever (39.4%) as top indication and NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Agents) as the most self-medicated category of drugs (40.7%). Conclusions: The present study documented that the prevalence of self-medication is associated with place of residence, and health status of the study participants. Self-medication is still a major issue in western Maharashtra, India and is majorly an urban phenomenon. Status of implementation of existing regulations should be reconsidered. KW - Self-medication KW - Matunga KW - Tala KW - Mumbai KW - Raigad KW - Maharashtra KW - India KW - Selbstmedikation KW - Indien KW - Ländlicher Raum KW - Stadt Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-13406 SN - 2394-6040 VL - 2018 IS - 5(7) SP - 2672 EP - 2685 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Limaye, Dnyanesh A1 - Bhatkhande, Gauri A1 - Sabu, Shweta A1 - Jain, Aashvi A1 - Taskar, Poorva A1 - Gupta, Utkarsh A1 - Sydymanov, Arlan A1 - Limaye, Vaidehi A1 - Pitani, Ravi Shankar A1 - Sathe, Sushama A1 - Fortwengel, Gerhard A1 - Kanso, Zeinab T1 - Oral cancer awareness among students from Mumbai University JF - International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology N2 - Background: Oral cancer is among the top three types of cancers in India. Severe alcoholism, use of tobacco in the form of cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, and betel nut chewing are the most common risk factors for oral cancer. Often individuals with pre cancer even notice the alterations, such as reduced mouth opening in oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), but they are not aware about the causes and consequences of these changes. Awareness about causes and features of oral cancers can be very helpful in prevention, control and early diagnosis of oral cancer. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among students from Mumbai University, India during May-June 2017. Five hundred students were approached to participate in the study of which 400 agreed to participate. Pretested questionnaire was distributed and collected data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23. Results: There were 199 (49%) males and 201 (50%) females in the study and response rate was (80%). Respondents had good knowledge about oral cancer. Seventy four percent (268/362) respondents correctly identified smoking, and tobacco chewing as possible causes of oral cancer. Almost all (96%; 348/362) respondents correctly responded that oral cancer does not spread from person to person through touch or speaking. Seventy two percent (260/362) respondents believed that oral cancer is curable. Significantly higher number of male (98%) compared to female participants answered correctly to questions regarding spread of disease and occurrence of oral cancer in AIDS patients. Conclusions: Participants showed good knowledge about oral cancer. Female participants showed lesser knowledge compared to male counterparts. Details about oral cancer should be incorporated in the undergraduate curriculum and periodic awareness programs should be organized for students. KW - Knowledge KW - Oral cancer KW - Smoking KW - Tobacco KW - University students KW - Mundhöhlenkrebs KW - Rauchen KW - Tabakkonsum KW - Wissen KW - Student KW - Mumbai Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-13391 SN - 2279-0780 VL - 2018 IS - 7(7) SP - 1215 EP - 1219 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Limaye, Dnyanesh A1 - Mehta, Drashty A1 - Singh, Shakshi A1 - Pardeshi, Apurva A1 - Patil, Tanvi A1 - Sydymanov, Arlan A1 - Limaye, Vaidehi A1 - Pitani, Ravi Shankar A1 - Sathe, Sushama A1 - Kapadi, Atul A1 - Fortwengel, Gerhard T1 - Knowledge, and attitude towards human papilloma virus infection among pharmacy students in Mumbai, India JF - International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology N2 - Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) that may cause cervical cancer and other malignancies including those of the vulva, anus, vagina, penis, head and neck. In most Asian countries including India, cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women. Awareness about HPV and cervical cancer, use of vaccines can be very helpful in prevention, control and early diagnosis of cervical cancer. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among students from Mumbai University, India during May - June 2017. Two hundred students were approached to participate in the study of which 142 were selected to participate (males: 54; females: 88). Pretested questionnaire was distributed and collected data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23. Results: Participants had fair knowledge (61% average) about HPV, whereas knowledge about symptoms, prevention and spread of HPV was very poor i.e. 18%. Knowledge about HPV vaccine was 50% and 78% participants had positive attitude for HPV vaccine. Conclusions: This study showed the lacunas in the pharmacy curriculum and urgent need to create awareness of HPV among bachelor of pharmacy students from Mumbai University. KW - HPV KW - India KW - Mumbai KW - Pharmacy KW - Students KW - Humanes Papillomavirus KW - Indien KW - Impfstoff KW - Vaccine KW - Pharmaziestudent Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-13388 SN - 2320-1789 VL - 2018 IS - 7(7) SP - 2532 EP - 2536 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Limaye, Rewati A1 - Fortwengel, Gerhard T1 - Review of new medical devices approvals by USFDA during the period of 2010 to 2014 JF - International Journal of Clinical Trials N2 - Medical devices are health care products distinguished from drugs for regulatory purposes in most countries based on mechanism of action. Unlike drugs, medical devices operate via physical or mechanical means and are not dependent on metabolism to accomplish their primary intended effect. Developing new medical devices requires clinical investigations and approval process goes through similar process like drugs. Medical device approvals in the period of 2010 to 2014 were searched from USFDA website. Disease burden data in the similar period was searched from centers for disease control and prevention website. Collected data was analyzed to know number of approved devices, top therapy areas, and mechanism of action of these devices. Out of a total of 200 medical devices approvals in the time period of 2010 to 2014, maximum number of devices (51; 25.5%) were approved in the year 2011, cardiovascular (78; 39%) was the top therapy area. Highest number (180; 90%) of approved medical devices belonged to the category III and maximum number (73; 36.5%) of approved medical devices had ―mechanical‖ mechanism of action. The top 3 causes of deaths in USA during 2010 to 2014 were heart disease, cancer and followed by respiratory infection. There was a match between the top diseases and the medical device approvals for top 2 diseases in USA i.e. heart disease, and cancer. With respect to respiratory infections and ailments which was the 3rd leading cause of death only one device was approved out of 200 approvals in total. KW - Medical devices KW - USFDA KW - Approvals KW - Disease burden KW - USA KW - Heil- und Hilfsmittel KW - Genehmigung Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-13361 SN - 2349-3259 VL - 2018 IS - 5(3) SP - 116 EP - 120 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Josi, Frieda A1 - Wartena, Christian A1 - Heid, Ulrich T1 - Detecting Paraphrases of Standard Clause Titles in Insurance Contracts T2 - RELATIONS - Workshop on meaning relations between phrases and sentences (May 23, 2019, Gothenburg, Sweden) N2 - For the analysis of contract texts, validated model texts, such as model clauses, can be used to identify used contract clauses. This paper investigates how the similarity between titles of model clauses and headings extracted from contracts can be computed, and which similarity measure is most suitable for this. For the calculation of the similarities between title pairs we tested various variants of string similarity and token based similarity. We also compare two additional semantic similarity measures based on word embeddings using pre-trained embeddings and word embeddings trained on contract texts. The identification of the model clause title can be used as a starting point for the mapping of clauses found in contracts to verified clauses. KW - Text Similarity KW - Paraphrase Similarity KW - Similarity Measures KW - Contract Analysis KW - Title Matching KW - Paraphrase KW - Vertragsklausel KW - Ähnlichkeit KW - Versicherungsvertrag Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-13375 UR - https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W19-0803 SN - 978-1-950737-22-2 SP - 23 EP - 33 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Limaye, Dnyanesh A1 - Deshpande, Omkar A1 - Gite, Pratik A1 - Chavan, Sushil A1 - Sydymanov, Arlan A1 - Limaye, Vaidehi A1 - Pitani, Ravi Shankar A1 - Sathe, Sushama A1 - Fortwengel, Gerhard T1 - Knowledge and attitude towards epilepsy among pharmacy students from Mumbai university JF - International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences N2 - Background: Epilepsy is a chronic disorder of the brain that affects people worldwide. The overall prevalence (3.0-11.9 / 1,000) and incidence (0.2-0.6/1,000) of epilepsy in India are comparable to the rates of high-income countries. The high prevalence of negative attitudes towards epilepsy has been highlighted by several studies. Pharmacy students represent a better-educated section of society regarding drugs and have the potential to create awareness, and influence attitudes towards the disease. Thus, it is important that they have the appropriate and updated knowledge and appropriate attitude towards epilepsy and antiepileptic drugs. Objective of the present study was to determine the Mumbai University pharmacy student’s awareness about epilepsy, so as to know the kind of education and awareness strategies that would be applicable to them. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among students from Mumbai University, India during May-June 2017. Two hundred and fifty students were approached to participate in the study of which 213 agreed to participate (males: 107; females: 106). Pretested questionnaire was distributed and collected data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23. Results: Response rate for this study was 85.2% (213/250). Ninety six percent (204/213) of the participants had heard or read about epilepsy. Overall knowledge was poor (40.2%) and attitude was fair (75.3%). None of the participants were aware about recent research regarding hereditary nature of epilepsy. Only 2 (0.98%) students were aware how to perform the first aid in epilepsy. Only 6.8% participants felt that epileptics should participate in sports. Conclusions: The findings of this study show that, even with extensive curriculum covering diseases, drugs and relevant laws of land, the knowledge and attitude scores were low. There is a need to have focused education and campaigns to increase the knowledge and attitude towards epilepsy. KW - Attitude KW - Epilepsy KW - Knowledge KW - Seizures KW - University students KW - Einstellung KW - Epilepsie KW - Wissen KW - Krampf KW - Student KW - Mumbai KW - Pharmaziestudent Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-13356 SN - 2320-6012 VL - 2018 IS - 6(8) SP - 2578 EP - 2582 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Limaye, Dnyanesh A1 - Shah, Purav A1 - Shah, Akhil A1 - Pillay, Ragini A1 - Modak, Viraj A1 - Chaudhari, Ameya A1 - Sydymanov, Arlan A1 - Limaye, Vaidehi A1 - Pitani, Ravi Shankar A1 - Sathe, Sushama A1 - Fortwengel, Gerhard T1 - A study to determine the knowledge of pharmacovigilance among pharmacy students from Mumbai university JF - International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences N2 - Background: Pharmacovigilance (PV); also known as drug safety surveillance, is the science of enhancing patient care and patient safety regarding the use of medicines by collecting, monitoring, assessing, and evaluating information from healthcare providers and patients. Pharmacists are pivotal players in adverse drug event (ADE) monitoring and reporting. However, most pharmacists are unaware or not knowledgeable about the guidelines used by their respective countries’ drug regulatory bodies. It is the need of the hour to train pharmacy students on the concept of pharmacovigilance. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among pharmacy students from Mumbai University, India during May-June 2017. On the basis of the eligibility criterion 352 students were selected for the present study. Four hundred students were approached to participate in the study of which 201 agreed to participate (males: 179; females: 173). Pretested questionnaire was distributed and collected data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23. Results: Overall pharmacovigilance knowledge (44%) and perception (58%) was low among the participants of the present study. Seventy four percent of the participants felt that adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting should be made compulsory for healthcare professionals. And only 21% agreed that the topic of Pharmacovigilance is well covered in pharmacy curriculum. Conclusions: Pharmacy council of India, pharmacy teacher’s association and respective pharmacy college should take necessary steps to increase the knowledge and create awareness regarding pharmacovigilance and adverse drug reaction reporting among pharmacy students. KW - Adverse drug event KW - Adverse drug reaction KW - India KW - Knowledge KW - Perception KW - Arzneimittelnebenwirkung KW - Indien KW - Wissen KW - Arzneimittelüberwachung KW - Pharmazie KW - Unerwünschte Arzneimittelwirkung KW - Pharmacovigilance KW - Pharmacy KW - Pharmaziestudent Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-13348 SN - 2320-6012 N1 - DOI des Originals: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20183243 VL - 2018 IS - 6(8) SP - 2621 EP - 2625 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wessels, Michael A1 - Geuen, Dorith T1 - On the slow implementation of pilot projects: Suspected causes from the perspective of statutory health insurance funds JF - International Journal of Health Professions N2 - Background: The system of nursing care in Germany is currently changing. For years, a further development of cooperation in the health care sector has been discussed. And thus a change in the distribution of tasks between health care professions. In 2008, the legislature introduced the introduction of pilot projects for the transfer of medicinal tasks to nurses according to § 63 para. 3c Social Code V. The implementation is very sluggish. The aim of the study was to analyze the reasons for this sluggish implementation from the perspective of the statutory health insurance funds. Methods: Quantitative survey of all statutory health insurance funds (n=124) in Germany. Results: To ensure supply, 94 % of health insurance companies consider the transfer of medical tasks to non-medical care providers as a sensible approach. Also 96 % consider this to be very important in order to ensure care. Although 96 % of health insurance funds support the implementation of pilot projects, only 8 % are in fact involved in such contracts; 71 % do not plan own pilot projects for the future. In the view of the statutory health insurance funds, legal obstacles (90 %), resistance by medical representatives (84 %), unresolved financing (74 %) and liability issues (70 %) as well as non-applicable regulations in G-BA-directive (79 %) and the law (85 %). Less than half (46 %) of the health insurance companies suspect high costs causing the slow implementation. Discussion: The amendments adopted by the legislature in the current reform of the law on care professions can be described as appropriate; in particular the fact that statutory health insurance funds should implement and carry out appropriate pilot projects by 31 December 2020. Transfer N2 - Hintergrund: Das System der pflegerischen Versorgung in Deutschland befindet sich in einer Umbruchphase. Seit Jahren wird über eine Weiterentwicklung der Kooperation im Gesundheitswesen und damit über eine Veränderung der Aufgabenverteilung zwischen den Gesundheitsberufen diskutiert. Im Jahr 2008 hat der Gesetzgeber die Einführung von Modellvorhaben zur Übertragung von Heilkunde auf Pflegende gem. § 63 Abs. 3c SGB V ermöglicht. Die Umsetzung verläuft sehr schleppend. Das Ziel der Untersuchung war, die Gründe für diese schleppende Umsetzung aus Sicht der gesetzlichen Krankenkassen zu analysieren. Methode: Quantitative Befragung aller gesetzlichen Krankenkassen (n=124) in Deutschland. Ergebnisse: Zur Sicherstellung der Versorgung halten 94 % der Krankenkassen die Übertragung von Heilkunde auf nichtärztliche Leistungserbringer für einen sinnvollen Ansatz. Sie wird von 96 % der Krankenkassen als sehr wichtig empfunden. Zwar befürworten 96 % der Krankenkassen grundsätzlich die Durchführung von Modellvorhaben, tatsächlich sind aber nur 8 % an derartigen Verträgen beteiligt; 71 % der Krankenkassen planen auch keine eigenen Modellvorhaben für die Zukunft. Als mögliche Ursachen für die bislang schleppende Umsetzung werden aus Sicht der GKV insbesondere rechtliche Hürden (90 %), Widerstand durch ärztliche Standesvertreter (84 %), ungeklärte Finanzierungs- (74 %) und Haftungsfragen (70 %) sowie nicht-praxistaugliche Regelungen in der G-BA-Richtlinie (79 %) und im Gesetz (85 %) angeführt. Weniger als die Hälfte (46 %) der Krankenkassen vermutet hohe Kosten als Ursache für die schleppende Umsetzung. Diskussion: Die vom Gesetzgeber im aktuellen Pflegeberufereformgesetz (PflBRefG) vorgenommenen Änderungen, insbesondere die Tatsache, dass Krankenkassen entsprechende Modellvorhaben bis zum 31. Dezember 2020 vereinbaren und durchführen sollen, sind vor dem Hintergrund der geäußerten Kritik als zielführend und adäquat zu bezeichnen. T2 - Zur zögerlichen Umsetzung von Modellvorhaben: vermutete Ursachen aus Sicht der gesetzlichen Krankenkassen KW - Transfer of medical tasks KW - Pilot Projects KW - Health Professionals KW - Care KW - Statutory Health KW - Insurance KW - Pflegeberufereformgesetz KW - Heilberuf KW - Pflege KW - Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung KW - Übertragung von Heilkunde KW - Modellvorhaben KW - Gesundheitsberufe Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-13339 SN - 2296-990X VL - 2018 IS - 5(1) SP - 64 EP - 71 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sewczyk, Tim A1 - Hoog Antink, Marieke A1 - Maas, Michael A1 - Kroll, Stephen A1 - Beutel, Sascha T1 - Flow rate dependent continuous hydrolysis of protein isolates JF - AMB Express N2 - Food protein hydrolysates are often produced in unspecific industrial batch processes. The hydrolysates composition underlies process-related fluctuations and therefore the obtained peptide fingerprint and bioactive properties may vary. To overcome this obstacle and enable the production of specific hydrolysates with selected peptides, a ceramic capillary system was developed and characterized for the continuous production of a consistent peptide composition. Therefore, the protease Alcalase was immobilized on the surface of aminosilane modified yttria stabilized zirconia capillaries with a pore size of 1.5 μm. The loading capacity was 0.3 μg enzyme per mg of capillary with a residual enzyme activity of 43%. The enzyme specific peptide fingerprint produced with this proteolytic capillary reactor system correlated with the degree of hydrolysis, which can be controlled over the residence time by adjusting the flow rate. Common food proteins like casein, sunflower and lupin protein isolates were tested for continuous hydrolysis in the developed reactor system. The peptide formation was investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography. Various trends were found for the occurrence of specific peptides. Some are just intermediately occurring, while others cumulate by time. Thus, the developed continuous reactor system enables the production of specific peptides with desired bioactive properties. KW - Immobilization KW - Proteases KW - Bioactive peptides KW - Continuous process KW - Food protein Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:960-opus4-13306 VL - 2018 IS - 8:18 ER -